公开(公告)号：US07928657B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-19

申请号：US11921934

申请日：2006-06-01

申请人： Hiroyuki Kyushima ,  Hideki Shimoi ,  Hiroyuki Sugiyama ,  Hitoshi Kishita ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Yuji Masuda ,  Takayuki Ohmura

发明人： Hiroyuki Kyushima ,  Hideki Shimoi ,  Hiroyuki Sugiyama ,  Hitoshi Kishita ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Yuji Masuda ,  Takayuki Ohmura

IPC分类号： H01J40/00 ,  H01J40/16

CPC分类号： H01J43/06

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier having a fine configuration capable of realizing stable detection accuracy. The photomultiplier has a housing whose inside is maintained vacuum, and a photocathode, an electron-multiplier section, and an anode are disposed in the housing. In particular, one or more control electrodes disposed in an internal space of the housing which surrounds the electron-multiplier section and the anode are electrically connected via one or more connection parts extending from an electron emission terminal of the electron-multiplier section. In this configuration, due to a voltage, instead of the applying between an electron entrance terminal and the electron emission terminal of the electron-multiplier section, being applied between the electron entrance terminal and the control electrodes, an electric potential gradient which is increased gradually from the photocathode side toward the anode side is formed in the electron-multiplier section, and a sufficient electric potential difference is provided between the electron emission terminal of the electron-multiplier section and the anode, which makes it possible to obtain stable detection accuracy.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有能够实现稳定的检测精度的精细结构的光电倍增管。 光电倍增管具有内部保持真空的壳体，并且光电阴极，电子倍增器部分和阳极设置在壳体中。 特别地，设置在外壳的内部空间中的一个或多个控制电极，其围绕电子倍增器部分和阳极通过从电子倍增器部分的电子发射端延伸的一个或多个连接部分电连接。 在该结构中，由于电压而不是在电子入射端子和电子倍增器部分的电子发射端子之间施加，而被施加在电子入射端子和控制电极之间，逐渐增加的电位梯度 在电子倍增部形成从光电阴极侧朝向阳极侧，在电子倍增部的电子发射端与阳极之间设置充分的电位差，能够得到稳定的检测精度。

公开(公告)号：US07923929B2

公开(公告)日：2011-04-12

申请号：US12149712

申请日：2008-05-07

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito

IPC分类号： H01J43/18 ,  H01J40/14

CPC分类号： H01J43/06

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier having a structure that enables to perform high gain and satisfy higher required characteristics. In the photomultiplier, an electron-multiplying unit accommodated in a sealed container comprises a focusing electrode, an accelerating electrode, a dynode unit, and an anode. Particularly, at least the accelerating electrode and dynode unit are held unitedly in a state that at least a first-stage dynode and a second-stage included in the dynode unit are opposite directly to the accelerating electrode not through a conductive material. A conventional metal disk for supporting directly dynodes which are set to the same potential as that of the first-stage dynode is not placed between the accelerating electrode and dynode unit; thus, variations of the transit time of electrons may be drastically reduced while the electrons reach from the cathode to the second-stage dynode via the first-stage dynode.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有能够实现高增益并满足更高要求特性的结构的光电倍增管。 在光电倍增器中，容纳在密封容器中的电子倍增单元包括聚焦电极，加速电极，倍增电极单元和阳极。 特别地，加速电极和倍增电极单元至少保持在至少第一级倍增电极和包括在倍增极单元中的第二级不是通过导电材料直接与加速电极相对的状态。 在加速电极和倍增电极单元之间没有设置用于直接设置与第一级倍增电极相同电位的倍增电极的金属盘; 因此，电子的通过时间的变化可以大大降低，同时电子经由第一级倍增极从阴极到达第二级倍增极。

公开(公告)号：US07821203B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-26

申请号：US11594244

申请日：2006-11-08

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito ,  Teruhiko Yamaguchi

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito ,  Teruhiko Yamaguchi

IPC分类号： H01J43/18

CPC分类号： H01J43/28

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier that realizes significant improvement of response time properties with a structure enabling mass production. The photomultiplier comprises a sealed container, and the sealed container includes a hollow body section, extending along a tube axis, and a faceplate. The faceplate has a light incidence surface and a light emission surface on which a photocathode is formed. In particular, the light emission surface is constituted by a flat region, and a curved-surface processed region that is positioned at a periphery of the flat region and that includes edges of the light emission surface. A surface shape of the peripheral region of the light emission surface of the faceplate is thus intentionally changed in order to adjust the angles of emission of photoelectrons from the photocathode positioned at the peripheral region. Thus, the spread of transit times of photoelectrons propagating from the photocathode to a first dynode is thus reduced effectively and made not to depend on the emission positions of the photoelectrons.

摘要翻译： 光电倍增管技术领域本发明涉及一种光电倍增管，其可实现响应时间特性的显着改善，并能实现批量生产。 光电倍增管包括密封容器，密封容器包括沿管轴延伸的中空主体部分和面板。 面板具有光入射面和形成有光电阴极的发光面。 特别地，光发射表面由平坦区域和位于平坦区域的周边并且包括发光表面的边缘的曲面处理区域构成。 因此，为了调整位于周边区域的光电面的光电子的发射角度，有意地改变面板的发光面的周边区域的表面形状。 因此，有效地降低了从光电阴极传播到第一倍增电极的光电子的传输时间的扩散，并且不依赖于光电子的发射位置。

公开(公告)号：US07489077B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-10

申请号：US10807292

申请日：2004-03-24

申请人： Suenori Kimura ,  Takayuki Ohmura ,  Teruhiko Yamaguchi ,  Masuo Ito

发明人： Suenori Kimura ,  Takayuki Ohmura ,  Teruhiko Yamaguchi ,  Masuo Ito

IPC分类号： H01J31/50 ,  H01J43/04 ,  G01T1/20

CPC分类号： H01J43/18

摘要： A glass container has a faceplate, a side tube, and a bottom. A photocathode is formed on the inner side of the faceplate. The glass container includes a partitioning wall, a shield electrode, a first dynode, a second dynode, a dynode array, and an anode. The partitioning wall has a cross shape to divide an electron focusing space into four space segments. The shield electrode is provided to shield the second dynode from the photocathode. A Venetian blind type of dynodes is provided as the dynode array. The first dynode, the second dynode, the dynode array, and the anode are maintained at the potential which is higher than that of the photocathode. Electrons emitted from the photocathode in response to incident light thereon efficiently impinge on the dynodes regardless of where the electrons are emitted. The electrons are multiplied and then detected by the anode.

摘要翻译： 玻璃容器具有面板，侧管和底部。 在面板的内侧形成有光电阴极。 玻璃容器包括分隔壁，屏蔽电极，第一倍增电极，第二倍增电极，倍增极阵列和阳极。 分隔壁具有十字形状，以将电子聚焦空间分成四个空间段。 屏蔽电极被设置为屏蔽第二倍增电极与光电阴极。 提供了威尼斯式的倍增电极作为倍增电极阵列。 第一倍增电极，第二倍增极，倍增极阵列和阳极保持在比光电阴极高的电位。 不管发射电子的位置如何，从光电阴极发出的响应于入射光的电子有效地撞击在倍增极上。 电子被乘以然后由阳极检测。

公开(公告)号：US20080211403A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-04

申请号：US12149712

申请日：2008-05-07

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito

IPC分类号： H01J43/06

CPC分类号： H01J43/06

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier having a structure that enables to perform high gain and satisfy higher required characteristics. In the photomultiplier, an electron-multiplying unit accommodated in a sealed container comprises a focusing electrode, an accelerating electrode, a dynode unit, and an anode. Particularly, at least the accelerating electrode and dynode unit are held unitedly in a state that at least a first-stage dynode and a second-stage included in the dynode unit are opposite directly to the accelerating electrode not through a conductive material. A conventional metal disk for supporting directly dynodes which are set to the same potential as that of the first-stage dynode is not placed between the accelerating electrode and dynode unit; thus, variations of the transit time of electrons may be drastically reduced while the electrons reach from the cathode to the second-stage dynode via the first-stage dynode.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有能够实现高增益并满足更高要求特性的结构的光电倍增管。 在光电倍增器中，容纳在密封容器中的电子倍增单元包括聚焦电极，加速电极，倍增电极单元和阳极。 特别地，加速电极和倍增电极单元至少保持在至少第一级倍增电极和包括在倍增极单元中的第二级不是通过导电材料直接与加速电极相对的状态。 在加速电极和倍增电极单元之间没有设置用于直接设置与第一级倍增电极相同电位的倍增电极的金属盘; 因此，电子的通过时间的变化可以大大降低，同时电子经由第一级倍增极从阴极到达第二级倍增极。

公开(公告)号：US20080088234A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-17

申请号：US11594225

申请日：2006-11-08

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Teruhiko Yamaguchi

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Teruhiko Yamaguchi

IPC分类号： H01J43/04 ,  H01J43/26

CPC分类号： H01J43/26

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier that realizes significant improvement of response time properties with a structure enabling mass production. The photomultiplier comprises a sealed container, and, in the sealed container, a photocathode, at least one dynode set, a dynode unit including a part of insulating supporting members holding the one dynode unit, and a gain control unit are housed. The gain control unit has an insulating base plate, and the insulating base plate is integrally fixed with a control dynode and a final stage dynode that belong to each dynode set together with an anode. By the insulating base plate thus being clamped by the pair of insulating supporting members, the anode, the control dynode, and the final stage dynode constitute a part of an electron multiplier section.

摘要翻译： 光电倍增管技术领域本发明涉及一种光电倍增管，其可实现响应时间特性的显着改善，并能实现批量生产。 光电倍增管包括密封容器，并且在密封容器中，容纳有光电阴极，至少一个倍增电极组，包括保持一个倍增电极单元的绝缘支撑构件的一部分的倍增电极单元和增益控制单元。 增益控制单元具有绝缘基板，并且绝缘基板与属于与负极一起的每个倍增电极组的控制倍增电极和最终级倍增电极整体固定。 由绝缘基板由一对绝缘支撑构件夹紧，阳极，控制倍增电极和最终级倍增电极构成电子倍增器部分的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US20080088233A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-17

申请号：US11594235

申请日：2006-11-08

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura

IPC分类号： H01J43/18

CPC分类号： H01J43/26

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier that realizes significant improvement of response time properties with a structure enabling mass production. The photomultiplier comprises an electron multiplier section for cascade-multiplying photoelectrons emitted from said photocathode. The electron multiplier has a structure holding at least two dynode sets while sandwiching the tube axis of a sealed container in this the electron multiplier is housed. In particular, the first dynodes respectively belonging to the two dynode sets are arranged such that their back surfaces opposing respective secondary electron emitting surfaces face each other while sandwiching the tube axis. In this arrangement, because each first dynode itself is positioned near the tube axis, the efficiency of collection of photoelectrons arriving at the periphery of the first dynode is improved significantly.

摘要翻译： 光电倍增管技术领域本发明涉及一种光电倍增管，其可实现响应时间特性的显着改善，并能实现批量生产。 光电倍增管包括用于使从所述光电阴极发射的光电子级联的电子倍增器部分。 电子倍增器具有保持至少两个倍增电极组的结构，同时夹着密封容器的管轴，容纳电子倍增器。 特别地，分别属于两个倍增电极组的第一倍增电极被布置成使得它们与相应的二次电子发射表面相对的背面彼此面对，同时夹着管轴。 在这种布置中，由于每个第一倍增电极本身位于管轴附近，所以到达第一倍增极周边的光电子的收集效率显着提高。

公开(公告)号：US20070241679A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-18

申请号：US11783986

申请日：2007-04-13

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura

IPC分类号： H01J43/20

CPC分类号： H01J43/18

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier having a configuration for improving response time characteristics. The photomultiplier comprises a sealed container, a photocathode, and an electron multiplier section. The electron multiplier section has an upper unit and a lower unit. The upper unit includes a focusing electrode, a mesh electrode, and a first dynode. The lower unit includes the subsequent dynodes excluding the first dynode and a pair of insulating supporting members. The second dynode, belonging to the subsequent dynodes, is provided with a notch for partitioning effective regions for two adjacent electron multiplier channels. By this configuration, a sufficient discharge withstand voltage can be secured without having to modify electron trajectories.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有改善响应时间特性的结构的光电倍增管。 光电倍增管包括密封容器，光电阴极和电子倍增器部分。 电子倍增器部分具有上部单元和下部单元。 上部单元包括聚焦电极，网状电极和第一倍增极。 下部单元包括除了第一倍增电极之外的后续倍增电极和一对绝缘支撑构件。 属于随后的倍增电极的第二倍增电极设置有用于对两个相邻的电子倍增器通道划分有效区域的陷波。 通过这种配置，可以确保足够的放电耐受电压而不必改变电子轨迹。

公开(公告)号：US20060220554A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-05

申请号：US11294535

申请日：2005-12-06

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Suenori Kimura ,  Masuo Ito

IPC分类号： H01J43/04

CPC分类号： H01J43/06

摘要： The present invention relates to a photomultiplier having a structure that enables to perform high gain and satisfy higher required characteristics. In the photomultiplier, an electron-multiplying unit accommodated in a sealed container comprises a focusing electrode, an accelerating electrode, a dynode unit, and an anode. Particularly, at least the accelerating electrode and dynode unit are held unitedly in a state that at least a first-stage dynode and a second-stage included in the dynode unit are opposite directly to the accelerating electrode not through a conductive material. A conventional metal disk for supporting directly dynodes which are set to the same potential as that of the first-stage dynode is not placed between the accelerating electrode and dynode unit; thus, variations of the transit time of electrons may be drastically reduced while the electrons reach from the cathode to the second-stage dynode via the first-stage dynode.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及具有能够实现高增益并满足更高要求特性的结构的光电倍增管。 在光电倍增器中，容纳在密封容器中的电子倍增单元包括聚焦电极，加速电极，倍增电极单元和阳极。 特别地，加速电极和倍增电极单元至少保持在至少第一级倍增电极和包括在倍增极单元中的第二级不是通过导电材料直接与加速电极相对的状态。 在加速电极和倍增电极单元之间没有设置用于直接设置与第一级倍增电极相同电位的倍增电极的金属盘; 因此，电子的通过时间的变化可以大大降低，同时电子经由第一级倍增极从阴极到达第二级倍增极。

公开(公告)号：US5616987A

公开(公告)日：1997-04-01

申请号：US560122

申请日：1995-11-17

申请人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Tomoyuki Okada ,  Hiroyuki Kyushima ,  Yousuke Oohashi

发明人： Takayuki Ohmura ,  Tomoyuki Okada ,  Hiroyuki Kyushima ,  Yousuke Oohashi

IPC分类号： H01J43/22 ,  H01J43/06 ,  H01J43/20

CPC分类号： H01J43/06

摘要： A mesh electrode 9 is provided over an incident opening 7a of the electron multiplication portion 6. In the electron multiplication portion 6, a dynode group Dy is located downstream of a first dynode Dy1 for multiplying electrons supplied from the first dynode Dy1. The dynode group Dy is provided in the vicinity of the curvature center of the first dynode Dy1. A plate electrode 10 and a mesh electrode 9 are supplied with a potential intermediate between the potentials applied to the first dynode Dy1 and applied to the dynode group Dy. Accordingly, the electric field formed due to the potential difference between the first dynode Dy1 and the dynode group Dy is surrounded by the intermediate potentials. The electric field is therefore uniformly distributed over the region from the vicinity of the first dynode Dy1 toward the dynode group Dy.

摘要翻译： 网电极9设置在电子倍增部6的入射开口7a的上方。在电子倍增部6中，倍增极组Dy位于第一倍增电极Dy1的下游，用于乘以从第一倍增电极Dy1提供的电子。 倍增极组Dy设置在第一倍增电极Dy1的曲率中心附近。 平板电极10和网状电极9在施加到第一倍增电极Dy1的电位和施加到倍增极组Dy之间的电位之间被提供。 因此，由于第一倍增电极Dy1和倍增极组Dy之间的电位差而形成的电场被中间电位包围。 因此，电场均匀分布在从第一倍增极Dy1的附近朝向倍增极组Dy的区域。