Abstract:
A system and method of indirectly modifying an environmental condition at a test site in one embodiment includes providing a test site on a substrate, providing a first activatable stimulant at the test site, providing an actuator configured to activate the first activatable stimulant at the test site, controlling the actuator to activate the first activatable stimulant, and modifying the local chemical environment at the test site with the first activated stimulant.
Abstract:
A complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor system in one embodiment includes a doped well extending along a first axis of a doped substrate, a first electrical contact positioned within the doped well, a second electrical contact positioned within the doped well and spaced apart from the first electrical contact along the first axis, a third electrical contact positioned within the doped well and located between the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact along the first axis, and a fourth electrical contact electrically coupled to the doped well at a location of the doped well below the third electrical contact.