摘要:
An apparatus for digital signature authentication includes a dividing unit that divides streaming data into plural pieces of partial data in a predetermined unit; a first creating unit that creates a hash value string including plural hash values corresponding to the pieces of partial data; a second creating unit that creates a first binary tree using the hash value string; and a third creating unit that creates a digital signature of a signer using a root value of the first binary tree.
摘要:
A signature generating device includes a receiving unit that receives a sequence of data; a summary data generating unit that generates summary data of the data upon reception of each of the data by the receiving unit; an obtaining unit that obtains, when the number of data included in a sequence of the generated summary data reaches a given number, the sequence of the summary data as a block; a setting unit that sets, as a signature subject, a current block constituted by the sequence of the summary data, and the summary data selected from at least one block contiguous to the current block; a digital signature generating unit that generates a digital signature concerning data summarized for the current block; and a sending unit that sends the generated digital signature, the signature subject associated with the digital signature, and the data summarized for the current block.
摘要:
401 stores, in 302, key d′ obtained by subtracting random number 2r held in 201 from key d held in 105. When an operation starts, the values “−C” and “−C2” are calculated respectively, and the resultant values are stored in a multiplication table memory 205 together with value “C”. In a first operation cycle, 107 selects and outputs an intermediate value 108 held in an in-operation data register 103, and thereby makes a modular-multiplication operation circuit 104 perform squaring. In the second operation cycle, 107 selects and outputs one of three values held in 205 in accordance with the combination of key bit value d′i and random number bit value ri, and thereby makes the modular-multiplication operation circuit 104 perform multiplication. Thereby, a cryptographic processing device that requires a short operation time period, small circuit scale, and has sufficient security can be realized.
摘要:
A common key block encryption apparatus for performing a nonlinear transformation with a multiplication executed in a binary field or a composite field includes a computing unit to execute a computation other than the nonlinear transformation with fixed value masked input data obtained by XORing input data with a fixed mask value, an XOR operation circuit to transform all input data into fixed value masked input data by XORing the input data with a fixed mask value and to transform the data into random value masked input data by XORing the input data with a random mask value in the multiplication, a multiplier to execute a multiplication based on the random value masked input data output from the XOR operation circuit, and a random value mask-to-fixed mask value transformation circuit to again transform the random value masked output data into fixed value masked output data and to output the data.
摘要:
A saddle-ride type electric vehicle includes an electric motor for generates power for rotationally driving a rear wheel. Foot rests are provided for an occupant seated on an occupant seat. A battery is disposed in a space S surrounded by a down frame which is coupled to a head pipe or to a front end of a main frame and which extends downwardly, pivot frames, and the main frame. Steps disposed to both sides of the battery in planar view are provided to front ends of a pair of left and right step frames coupled to lower portion of the pivot frames, the step frames extending forward and overlapping a rear portion of the battery in planar view. The battery is wider in an area adjacent to the head pipe as compared to the width of the battery in an area adjacent to the steps.
摘要:
A cryptographic processing device, comprising: a storage unit; initial setting unit for setting a value to be stored in the storage unit; Montgomery modular multiplication operation unit for performing a Montgomery modular multiplication operation plural times for a value set by the initial setting unit; and fault attack detection unit for determining whether or not a fault attack occurred for each of at least some parts of the Montgomery modular multiplication operations performed plural times.
摘要:
REDC (A*B) is calculated for the values A and B by using a Montgomery's algorithm REDC. The part related to the A*B is performed by the three-input two-output product-sum calculation circuit. One digit ai of the value A, one digit bj of the value B and a carry value c1 are input to the product-sum calculation circuit, and ai*bj+c1 is calculated thereat. The higher-order digit of the r-adic two-digit of the calculation result is used as the carry value c1, and the lower digit is used for a later calculation. Further, one digit ni of a modulo N for the REDC, a predetermined value m and a carry value c2 are input into the product-sum calculation circuit, and n*ni+c2 is calculated thereat. The higher-order digit is used as the carry value c2, and the lower digit is used for a later calculation.
摘要:
The first route selection device re-arrays a plurality of extended key mask values at random according to the value of a random number generated by a random number generation device. An extended key operation device generates an exclusive logical OR of a plurality of the re-arrayed extended key mask values, a data string representing extended key and an input data string. The second route selection device re-arrays the data string of the exclusive logical OR by performing a re-array conversely with the first route selection device according to the value of the random number. A non-linear conversion device applies non-linear conversion to the re-arrayed data string and outputs a data string masked by a plurality of non-linear conversion mask values. The third route selection device re-arrays the masked data string by performing the same re-array as the first route selection device according to the value of the random number.
摘要:
In a low floor type vehicle 10, a banking angle θ1 of a longitudinal V-type engine 100 mounted below a low floor is set to an angle equal to or exceeding approximately 90°. The V-type engine is arranged with a bisector L1 of the banking angle directed toward a head pipe 21 of a body frame 20. The body frame is composed of a pair of right and left upper frames 22 extended backward and downward from the head pipe and a pair of right and left down frames 23 extended downward from the head pipe and coupled to the front of a crankcase 104 of the V-type engine and is a diamond type frame from which the V-type engine can be suspended.
摘要:
An information access system comprises a reader/writer for continually transmitting an ID request signal at a first frequency and being continuously ready to receive an RF signal at a second frequency, and an active contactless information storage device having a receiver for sensing a carrier of an RF signal at the first frequency, and a transmitter for transmitting a response signal at the second frequency when the ID request signal is received. When the receiver senses a carrier of an RF signal at the first frequency in a particular predetermined period, the receiver receives further the ID request signal, and, in response to the ID request signal, the transmitter transmits a response signal at the second frequency carrying an ID of the storage device stored. In the carrier sensing, the controller causes the receiver to be in an active state and the transmitter to be in an inactive state in the predetermined periods. When the receiver attempts to sense a carrier of the RF signal at the first frequency in a particular predetermined period but detects no carrier, the controller controls the receiver and the transmitter to maintain the inactive state during a sleep period between the particular predetermined period and the subsequent predetermined period.