公开(公告)号：US08378565B2

公开(公告)日：2013-02-19

申请号：US12698435

申请日：2010-02-02

申请人： Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

发明人： Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

IPC分类号： H01J1/02 ,  H01J9/02

CPC分类号： H01J1/312 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02F2001/133625 ,  H01J63/02

摘要： An electron emitting element includes an electrode substrate, a thin-film electrode, and an electron acceleration layer provided between them. The electron acceleration layer includes a fine particle layer containing insulating fine particles, which is provided on a side of the electrode substrate, and a deposition of conductive fine particles, which is provided on a surface of the fine particle layer. In the electron acceleration layer, a conductive path is formed in advance, and the deposition has a physical recess which is an exit of the conductive path and which serves as an electron emitting section. Electrons are emitted via the electron emitting section. With the arrangement, it is possible to realize an electron emitting element which prevents that an electrode on an electron emission side gradually wears off along with electron emission and which can maintain an electron emission characteristic for a long period.

摘要翻译： 电子发射元件包括电极基板，薄膜电极和设置在它们之间的电子加速层。 电子加速层包括设置在电极基板一侧的包含绝缘细颗粒的细颗粒层和设置在细颗粒层的表面上的导电细颗粒的沉积。 在电子加速层中，预先形成导电路径，并且沉积具有作为导电路径的出口并用作电子发射区的物理凹槽。 电子经由电子发射部分发射。 通过这种布置，可以实现防止电子发射侧的电极随着电子发射逐渐磨损的电子发射元件，并且可以长期保持电子发射特性。

公开(公告)号：US08249487B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-21

申请号：US12781997

申请日：2010-05-18

申请人： Yasuo Imura ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

发明人： Yasuo Imura ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

IPC分类号： G03G15/02 ,  H01J17/49

CPC分类号： G03G15/02 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01J1/312 ,  H01J2201/3125

摘要： According to an electron emitting element of the present invention, an electron acceleration layer sandwiched between an electrode substrate and a thin-film electrode contains (i) insulating fine particles and (ii) at least one of (a) conductive fine particles having an average particle diameter smaller than an average particle diameter of the insulating fine particles and (b) a basic dispersant. The electron acceleration layer has a surface roughness of 0.2 μm or less in centerline average roughness (Ra). The thin-film electrode has a film thickness of 100 nm or less. As such, according to the electron emitting element of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the thin-film electrode to an appropriate thickness. Accordingly, it is possible to increase electron emission.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的电子发射元件，夹在电极基板和薄膜电极之间的电子加速层包含（i）绝缘细颗粒和（ii）至少一个（a）具有平均值的导电细颗粒 粒径小于绝缘细颗粒的平均粒径，（b）碱性分散剂。 电子加速层的中心线平均粗糙度（Ra）的表面粗糙度为0.2μm以下。 薄膜电极的膜厚为100nm以下。 因此，根据本发明的电子发射元件，可以将薄膜电极的厚度减小到适当的厚度。 因此，可以增加电子发射。

公开(公告)号：US08164247B2

公开(公告)日：2012-04-24

申请号：US12782102

申请日：2010-05-18

申请人： Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

发明人： Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

IPC分类号： H01J17/49

CPC分类号： H01J1/312 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G03G15/02 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J2201/3125

摘要： The present invention provides an electron emitting element which has good energy efficiency and which is capable of controlling a value of current flowing in an electron acceleration layer and an amount of emitted electrons by adjusting a resistance value of the electron acceleration layer and an amount of generated ballistic electrons. An electron emitting element 1 includes an electron acceleration layer 4 including a fine particle layer containing insulating fine particles. In the electron emitting element 1, Ie=α·R−0.67 where Ie [A/cm2] is electron emission current per unit area during the voltage application and R is element resistance [Ω·cm2] per unit area, the element resistance being obtained by dividing (a) a voltage applied between the electrode substrate 2 and the thin-film electrode 3 during the voltage application by (b) current in element per unit area which current flows between the electrode substrate 2 and the thin-film electrode 3 during the voltage application, and where α is not less than 2.0×10−6, and the electron emission current Ie is not less than 1.0×10−9.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种电子发射元件，其能量效率高，能够通过调整电子加速层的电阻值和产生的电子量来控制在电子加速层中流动的电流值和发射电子量 弹道电子。 电子发射元件1包括包含含有绝缘细颗粒的细颗粒层的电子加速层4。 在电子发射元件1中，Ie =α·R-0.67其中Ie [A / cm2]是施加电压期间每单位面积的电子发射电流，R是单位面积的元素电阻[＆OHgr·cm 2]，元件电阻 通过（a）电压施加期间施加在电极基板2和薄膜电极3之间的电压通过（b）电流在电极基板2和薄膜电极之间的每单位面积的元件中的电流而获得 3，其中α不小于2.0×10-6，电子发射电流Ie不小于1.0×10-9。

公开(公告)号：US20110236072A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-29

申请号：US13069852

申请日：2011-03-23

申请人： Yasuo Imura ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Kanako Hirata ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

发明人： Yasuo Imura ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Kanako Hirata ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

IPC分类号： G03G15/02 ,  H01J9/04 ,  H01T23/00 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H05B41/00 ,  G01J1/42

CPC分类号： H01J1/312 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G03G15/02 ,  G03G2215/026 ,  H01J9/022 ,  H01J2201/3125

摘要： The present invention provides an electron emitting element, comprising: a first electrode; an insulating fine particle layer formed on the first electrode; and comprising first insulating fine particles and second insulating fine particles larger than the first insulating fine particles, a surface of the insulating fine particle layer having a projection formed from the second insulating fine particles, and a second electrode formed on the insulating fine particle layer, wherein when a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, electrons provided from the first electrode are accelerated in the insulating fine particle layer to be emitted from the second electrode via the projection.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种电子发射元件，包括：第一电极; 形成在所述第一电极上的绝缘性微粒层; 并且包括第一绝缘细颗粒和大于第一绝缘细颗粒的第二绝缘细颗粒，绝缘细颗粒层的表面具有由第二绝缘细颗粒形成的突起和形成在绝缘细颗粒层上的第二电极， 其中当在所述第一电极和所述第二电极之间施加电压时，从所述第一电极提供的电子在所述绝缘细颗粒层中被加速以经由所述突起从所述第二电极发射。

公开(公告)号：US20100327730A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-30

申请号：US12698435

申请日：2010-02-02

申请人： Hiroyuki HIRAKAWA ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

发明人： Hiroyuki HIRAKAWA ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

IPC分类号： H01J1/02 ,  H01J9/02

CPC分类号： H01J1/312 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G02F2001/133625 ,  H01J63/02

摘要： An electron emitting element includes an electrode substrate, a thin-film electrode, and an electron acceleration layer provided between them. The electron acceleration layer includes a fine particle layer containing insulating fine particles, which is provided on a side of the electrode substrate, and a deposition of conductive fine particles, which is provided on a surface of the fine particle layer. In the electron acceleration layer, a conductive path is formed in advance, and the deposition has a physical recess which is an exit of the conductive path and which serves as an electron emitting section. Electrons are emitted via the electron emitting section. With the arrangement, it is possible to realize an electron emitting element which prevents that an electrode on an electron emission side gradually wears off along with electron emission and which can maintain an electron emission characteristic for a long period.

摘要翻译： 电子发射元件包括电极基板，薄膜电极和设置在它们之间的电子加速层。 电子加速层包括设置在电极基板一侧的包含绝缘细颗粒的细颗粒层和设置在细颗粒层的表面上的导电细颗粒的沉积。 在电子加速层中，预先形成导电路径，并且沉积具有作为导电路径的出口并用作电子发射区的物理凹槽。 电子经由电子发射部分发射。 通过这种布置，可以实现防止电子发射侧的电极随着电子发射逐渐磨损的电子发射元件，并且可以长期保持电子发射特性。

公开(公告)号：US20100296845A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-25

申请号：US12782102

申请日：2010-05-18

申请人： Hiroyuki HIRAKAWA ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

发明人： Hiroyuki HIRAKAWA ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Yasuo Imura ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

IPC分类号： G03G15/02 ,  H01J1/02 ,  H05B41/00 ,  H01T23/00

CPC分类号： H01J1/312 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  G03G15/02 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J2201/3125

摘要： The present invention provides an electron emitting element which has good energy efficiency and which is capable of controlling a value of current flowing in an electron acceleration layer and an amount of emitted electrons by adjusting a resistance value of the electron acceleration layer and an amount of generated ballistic electrons. An electron emitting element 1 includes an electron acceleration layer 4 including a fine particle layer containing insulating fine particles. In the electron emitting element 1, Ie=α·R−0.67 where Ie [A/cm2] is electron emission current per unit area during the voltage application and R is element resistance [Ω·cm2] per unit area, the element resistance being obtained by dividing (a) a voltage applied between the electrode substrate 2 and the thin-film electrode 3 during the voltage application by (b) current in element per unit area which current flows between the electrode substrate 2 and the thin-film electrode 3 during the voltage application, and where α is not less than 2.0×10−6, and the electron emission current Ie is not less than 1.0×10−9.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种电子发射元件，其能量效率高，能够通过调整电子加速层的电阻值和产生的电子量来控制在电子加速层中流动的电流值和发射电子量 弹道电子。 电子发射元件1包括包含含有绝缘细颗粒的细颗粒层的电子加速层4。 在电子发射元件1中，Ie =α·R-0.67其中Ie [A / cm2]是施加电压期间每单位面积的电子发射电流，R是单位面积的元素电阻[＆OHgr·cm 2]，元件电阻 通过（a）电压施加期间施加在电极基板2和薄膜电极3之间的电压通过（b）电流在电极基板2和薄膜电极之间的每单位面积的元件中的电流而获得 3，其中α不小于2.0×10-6，电子发射电流Ie不小于1.0×10-9。

公开(公告)号：US20100296844A1

公开(公告)日：2010-11-25

申请号：US12781997

申请日：2010-05-18

申请人： Yasuo IMURA ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

发明人： Yasuo IMURA ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Ayae Nagaoka ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu

IPC分类号： G03G15/02 ,  H01J1/02 ,  H05B41/00 ,  H01T23/00 ,  H02B1/56

CPC分类号： G03G15/02 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01J1/312 ,  H01J2201/3125

摘要： According to an electron emitting element of the present invention, an electron acceleration layer sandwiched between an electrode substrate and a thin-film electrode contains (i) insulating fine particles and (ii) at least one of (a) conductive fine particles having an average particle diameter smaller than an average particle diameter of the insulating fine particles and (b) a basic dispersant. The electron acceleration layer has a surface roughness of 0.2 μm or less in centerline average roughness (Ra). The thin-film electrode has a film thickness of 100 nm or less. As such, according to the electron emitting element of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the thickness of the thin-film electrode to an appropriate thickness. Accordingly, it is possible to increase electron emission.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的电子发射元件，夹在电极基板和薄膜电极之间的电子加速层包含（i）绝缘细颗粒和（ii）至少一个（a）具有平均值的导电细颗粒 粒径小于绝缘细颗粒的平均粒径，（b）碱性分散剂。 电子加速层的中心线平均粗糙度（Ra）的表面粗糙度为0.2μm以下。 薄膜电极的膜厚为100nm以下。 因此，根据本发明的电子发射元件，可以将薄膜电极的厚度减小到适当的厚度。 因此，可以增加电子发射。

公开(公告)号：US20100104329A1

公开(公告)日：2010-04-29

申请号：US12451857

申请日：2008-07-08

申请人： Nobuyuki Yoshioka ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu ,  Yoshinori Mutuo ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Takashi Hara ,  Takanori Kamoto

发明人： Nobuyuki Yoshioka ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu ,  Yoshinori Mutuo ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Takashi Hara ,  Takanori Kamoto

IPC分类号： G03G15/09

CPC分类号： G03G15/09 ,  G03G9/0819 ,  G03G9/107 ,  G03G9/1131 ,  G03G9/1136 ,  G03G9/1139 ,  G03G2215/0607

摘要： Regarding a magnetic carrier of the present invention, a surface of a magnetic core material is coated with a coating layer containing electrically conductive particles and a charge control agent composed of same components as components of a charge control agent contained in a electrophotographic toner. Further, the magnetic carrier exhibits an electric resistance value of 8.22×107 Ωcm to 1.12×1010 Ωcm in an electric field of 4×103 V/cm. This allows the magnetic carrier to stay capable of charging the electrophotographic toner even over a long period of time.

摘要翻译： 对于本发明的磁性载体，磁性材料的表面涂覆有包含导电颗粒的涂层和由与电子照相调色剂中所含的电荷控制剂的组分相同的成分组成的电荷控制剂。 此外，在4×103V / cm的电场中，磁性载体的电阻值为8.22×107＆OHgr·cm〜1.12×1010＆OHgr·cm。 这使得磁性载体即使在长时间内也能够保持对电子照相调色剂的充电。

公开(公告)号：US07477442B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-13

申请号：US10586808

申请日：2004-01-21

申请人： Tadashi Iwamatsu ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Nobuyuki Azuma ,  Yoshinori Mutou

发明人： Tadashi Iwamatsu ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Nobuyuki Azuma ,  Yoshinori Mutou

IPC分类号： G02B26/00 ,  G02B26/02 ,  G09G3/34

CPC分类号： G09G3/344 ,  G02B26/004 ,  G02F1/133514 ,  G02F1/167 ,  G02F2001/1672 ,  G02F2001/1678 ,  G09F9/372

摘要： A large number of holes are formed in a two-layered porous film sandwiched between a lower substrate and an upper substrate and filled with a light transmitting liquid and fine particles. When a voltage is applied between an upper electrode and a lower electrode, migration of the fine particles, takes place based on electrophoresis. White color is displayed when the fine particles are located on an upper transparent porous film side and black color is displayed when the fine particles are located on a lower black porous film side. Color display is also possible by periodically repeating three primary colors of RGB in the lower layer porous film or arranging a color filter on the transparent upper substrate. Bubbles-containing fine particles or bubbles themselves may be employed in place of the fine particles.

摘要翻译： 夹在下基板和上基板之间的两层多孔膜中形成大量的孔，并且填充有透光液体和细颗粒。 当在上电极和下电极之间施加电压时，基于电泳发生微粒的迁移。 当细颗粒位于上透明多孔膜侧时显示白色，并且当微粒位于下黑色多孔膜侧时显示黑色。 通过在下层多孔膜中周期性地重复RGB三原色或在透明上基板上排列滤色器，也可以进行彩色显示。 可以使用含气泡的微粒或气泡本身代替细颗粒。

公开(公告)号：US20080299471A1

公开(公告)日：2008-12-04

申请号：US12128148

申请日：2008-05-28

申请人： Takanori Kamoto ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu ,  Nobuyuki Yoshioka ,  Yoshinori Mutoh ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Takashi Hara

发明人： Takanori Kamoto ,  Tadashi Iwamatsu ,  Nobuyuki Yoshioka ,  Yoshinori Mutoh ,  Hiroyuki Hirakawa ,  Takashi Hara

IPC分类号： G03G9/097 ,  G03G13/14 ,  G03G13/06

CPC分类号： G03G9/1075 ,  G03G9/1131 ,  G03G9/1136

摘要： A carrier of the present invention is used in a developer including a toner which includes at least a binder resin and an organic colorant, and the carrier has a core and a coating formed on the surface of the core, the coating including (i) a charge control agent for controlling a charge whose polarity is the same as a polarity of a charge controlled by a charge control agent included in the toner, and (ii) a conductive particles. The use of the carrier of the present invention enables: prevention of decrease in the charging amount of the toner which includes at least a binder resin and an organic colorant; and formation of a stable, high-resolution, high-quality image which has very few image defects such as a photographic fog.

摘要翻译： 本发明的载体用于包括至少包含粘合剂树脂和有机着色剂的调色剂的显影剂中，并且所述载体具有在芯的表面上形成的芯和涂层，所述涂层包括（i） 用于控制极性与由调色剂中包含的电荷控制剂控制的电荷的极性相同的电荷的电荷控制剂，和（ii）导电颗粒。 使用本发明的载体能够：防止包含至少粘合剂树脂和有机着色剂的调色剂的带电量的降低; 并形成稳定，高分辨率，高质量的图像，其具有非常少的图像缺陷，例如摄影雾。