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56 条记录 (耗时 0.014 秒)

    Electret enabled thermal neutron flux detection and measurement
    31.
    发明授权
    Electret enabled thermal neutron flux detection and measurement 失效
    驻极体使能热中子通量检测和测量

    公开(公告)号：US5002720A

    公开(公告)日：1991-03-26

    申请号：US374129

    申请日：1989-06-30

    申请人： Stephen R. Berggren

    发明人： Stephen R. Berggren

    IPC分类号： G01T1/14 ,  G01T3/00

    CPC分类号： G01T1/14 ,  G01T3/00

    摘要： An improved thermal neutron flux detector and measuring apparatus of the neutron induced transmutation type. The disclosed apparatus employs a plastic film electret and a fissionable material such as uranium-235 for generating energetic ion fission fragments-fragments which alter the electric potential of the electret in a measurable manner. Electret characteristics and fissionable material member fabrication are also disclosed along with uses of the instrument for dosimetry and other purposes.

    摘要翻译： 一种改进的热中子通量检测器和中子诱导transm变型的测量装置。 所公开的装置采用塑料膜驻极体和诸如铀-235的可裂变材料来产生以可测量的方式改变驻极体电位的能量离子裂变碎片。 还公开了驻极体特性和可裂变材料构件制造以及该仪器用于剂量测定和其它目的的用途。

    Subsoil radioactive gas measuring system
    32.
    发明授权
    Subsoil radioactive gas measuring system 失效
    底土放射性气体测量系统

    公开(公告)号：US4814608A

    公开(公告)日：1989-03-21

    申请号：US936239

    申请日：1986-12-01

    申请人： John C. Dempsey ,  Payasada Kotrappa

    发明人： John C. Dempsey ,  Payasada Kotrappa

    IPC分类号： G01T1/14 ,  G01V5/00 ,  G01T1/00

    CPC分类号： G01T1/14 ,  Y10S250/02

    摘要： Radioactive gas, particularly radon, is measured in the subsoil environment by electrostatically charging one or two electrets and placing the electret(s) within a chamber having openings protected by a filter which permits gas to flow through the openings while preventing particles from flowing through the openings. The chamber with the electrostatically charged electret(s) and the detector is placed in a receiver formed within the hollow wall of an elongated probe. Foam cushions surround the chamber and assist in the filtering. An open material, such as steel wool, holds the foam in place and the next lower section of the probe holds the steel wool in place. When sampling is done at only one level, the next lower section is the soil moving nose of the probe. Holes in the side wall near the nose admit subsoil gas into the receiver. When it is desired to sample radioactive gas at several levels, additional sections of the probe have receivers for holding additional chambers and openings near the bottom of each section admit gas into the receivers. After leaving the probe in the soil for a predetermined period, the probe is removed and disassembled. The chamber is removed from the receiver and the surface charge on the detector is measured. Changes in the surface charge are compared with known relations between changes in surface in radioactive decay in the chamber to give amount of radioactive gas that has decayed in the chamber.

    摘要翻译： 放射性气体，特别是氡气，在地下环境中通过静电充电一或两个驻极体并将驻极体放置在具有由过滤器保护的开口的室中，其允许气体流过开口，同时防止颗粒流过 开口 具有静电荷的驻极体和检测器的室被放置在形成在细长探针的中空壁内的接收器中。 泡沫垫围绕室并协助进行过滤。 诸如钢丝绒的开放材料将泡沫保持在适当位置，探针的下一个下部将钢丝绒固定在适当位置。 当仅在一个级别进行采样时，下一个下部是探头的土壤移动的鼻子。 在鼻子附近的侧壁上的孔允许底土气体进入接收器。 当需要以几个等级对放射性气体进行采样时，探头的附加部分具有接收器，用于在每个部分的底部附近保持附加的室和开口，以允许气体进入接收器。 将探头放置在土壤中一段预定的时间后，将探头取出并拆卸。 将室从接收器中取出，并测量检测器上的表面电荷。 将表面电荷的变化与室内放射性衰变中表面变化之间的已知关系进行比较，以给出在室中已经衰变的放射性气体的量。

    Devices for measuring parameters which can modify the charge of an electret
    33.
    发明授权
    Devices for measuring parameters which can modify the charge of an electret 失效
    用于测量可以修改驻极体电荷的参数的装置

    公开(公告)号：US4355235A

    公开(公告)日：1982-10-19

    申请号：US142737

    申请日：1980-04-22

    申请人： Jacques Lewiner ,  Gerard Dreyfus ,  Didier Perino

    发明人： Jacques Lewiner ,  Gerard Dreyfus ,  Didier Perino

    IPC分类号： G01T1/14 ,  G01T1/142 ,  G01T1/18

    CPC分类号： G01T1/142 ,  G01T1/14

    摘要： The invention relates to a device for measuring irradiation capable of modifying the charge of an electret. It is arranged in a portable cassette, between two electrodes held separated by a part and connected to a measuring circuit. A conductive shutter is movable parallel to itself and to the electret between this electret and than electrode, so as to alternately mask this electret with respect to this electrode and to render the electret visible to the electrode. The measurement exploits differences in charge of the electret read according to the movements of the shutter.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于测量能够改变驻极体电荷的辐射的装置。 它被布置在便携式盒式磁带中，两个电极之间被一个部分隔开并连接到测量电路。 导电快门可平行于其自身和该驻极体与电极之间的驻极体移动，以便相对于该电极交替地掩蔽该驻极体并使驻极体对电极可见。 该测量根据快门的移动来利用驻极体读数的电荷差异。

    Chemical reaction and production systems with a spectro-optical digitizer
    34.
    发明授权
    Chemical reaction and production systems with a spectro-optical digitizer 失效
    具有光谱数字化仪的化学反应和生产系统

    公开(公告)号：US4012199A

    公开(公告)日：1977-03-15

    申请号：US610190

    申请日：1975-09-04

    申请人： Paul P. Luger

    发明人： Paul P. Luger

    IPC分类号： G01D5/34 ,  G01R5/28 ,  G01T1/14 ,  G01T1/185 ,  G01N21/28

    CPC分类号： G01R5/28 ,  G01D5/34 ,  G01T1/14 ,  G01T1/185

    摘要： Several digital sensing devices are described for use in automated production systems. The first described is for use in the automatic operation of a reactor. This device employs a binant electrometer using a quartz fiber mounted at one end but free to vibrate at the other in an AC field. The fiber oscillates if a charge is placed upon it. An optical slit replaces the ordinary eyepiece reticule scale. With the quartz fiber adjusted so its image is in focus at the optical slit, photoelectric signals are obtained at null charge on the fiber. The quartz fiber is repeatedly charged and allowed to discharge by collecting ions from a source under measurement. Each photoelectric signal causes a digital time reading to be taken. The time readings are used to evaluate the current due to the collected charge. The photoelectric signals, by feedback, also operate the electrometer for continuous or intermittent-continuous operation. Basically, the system is a current digitizer. Further application is also described for the monitoring and control of chemical reactions for production systems. Finally, other types of sensing devices are described; namely, an optical digitizer, a flow optical digitizer a spectro-optical digitizer and a spectro-line intensified digitizer. The use of each in automated controlled processes is shown.

    摘要翻译： 描述了用于自动化生产系统中的几种数字感测装置。 首先描述的是用于反应器的自动操作。 该装置采用二次电位计，使用安装在一端的石英纤维，但在AC场中可自由振动。 如果电荷放置在其上，则光纤振荡。 光学狭缝代替普通目镜网状标尺。 在调整石英光纤使其图像在光学狭缝上聚焦的情况下，在光纤上以零电荷获得光电信号。 石英纤维重复充电，并通过从测量源收集离子而放电。 每个光电信号产生数字时间读数。 由于收集的电荷，时间读数用于评估电流。 光电信号通过反馈也可以用于连续或间歇连续操作的静电计。 基本上，系统是当前的数字化仪。 还描述了用于监测和控制生产系统的化学反应的进一步应用。 最后，描述其他类型的感测装置; 即光学数字转换器，流动光学数字化仪，分光光学数字转换器和分光增强数字转换器。 显示了在自动控制过程中使用每个过程。

    Radiation dosimeter having two ionization chambers with different ratios of neutron to gamma radiation responses
    35.
    发明授权
    Radiation dosimeter having two ionization chambers with different ratios of neutron to gamma radiation responses 失效
    具有不同比例的离子对放射性反应的两个离子化的辐射剂

    公开(公告)号：US3707632A

    公开(公告)日：1972-12-26

    申请号：US3707632D

    申请日：1970-11-30

    申请人： STEPHEN & CO LTD R A

    发明人： COOPER PAUL NEVILLE ,  TYMONS BRYAN JOHN

    IPC分类号： H01J47/04 ,  G01T1/14 ,  G01T3/00

    CPC分类号： H01J47/04

    摘要： An ionization dosimeter includes two ionization chambers having different ratios of neutron radiation response to gamma radiation response. One pair of corresponding electrodes of the two chambers are connected directly together. The other pair of corresponding electrodes are coupled through a capacitance. The two chambers are electrically charged in opposite polarities so that the change in potential across the capacitance is proportional to the difference between the responses of the two chambers. The value of the coupling capacitance can be chosen so that the potential represents either the effective biological radiation dose, or the neutron radiation dose.

    摘要翻译： 电离剂量计包括具有不同比例的中子辐射响应与γ辐射响应的两个电离室。 两个腔室中的一对相应的电极直接连接在一起。 另一对相应的电极通过电容耦合。 两个室以相反的极性充电，使得电容两端的电位变化与两个室的响应之间的差成比例。 可以选择耦合电容的值，使得电位代表有效生物辐射剂量或中子辐射剂量。