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公开(公告)号:US06172063B2
公开(公告)日:2001-01-09
申请号:US09180295
申请日:1998-11-05
申请人: Bernd M{umlaut over (u)}ller , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Maria Scherer , Klaus Schelberger , Joachim Leyendecker
发明人: Bernd M{umlaut over (u)}ller , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Maria Scherer , Klaus Schelberger , Joachim Leyendecker
IPC分类号: A61K31535
CPC分类号: A01N47/24 , A01N37/38 , A01N2300/00
摘要: A fungicidal mixture containing a) a carbamate of the formula I, where X is CH or N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl, it being possible for the radicals R to be different if n is 2, and b) a carboxamide II selected from the group consisting of the compounds IIa and IIb in a synergistically active amount is described.
摘要翻译: 含有a)式I的氨基甲酸酯的杀真菌混合物,其中X是CH或N,n是0,1或2,R是卤素,C 1 -C 4烷基或C 1 -C 4卤代烷基,基团R 如果n是2,则不同,b)选自化合物IIa和IIb的羧酰胺II具有协同活性量。
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公开(公告)号:US6159992A
公开(公告)日:2000-12-12
申请号:US242715
申请日:1999-02-22
申请人: Bernd Muller , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Maria Scherer , Klaus Schelberger , Joachim Leyendecker
发明人: Bernd Muller , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Maria Scherer , Klaus Schelberger , Joachim Leyendecker
CPC分类号: A01N47/24 , A01N43/40 , A01N2300/00
摘要: The present invention relates to a fungicidal mixture which comprisesa) a carbamate of the formula I ##STR1## where X is CH and N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, it being possible for the radicals R to be different when n is 2, or a salt or adduct thereof, andb) an anilide of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is fluorine or chlorine, or a salt or adduct thereof, in a synergistically active amount.
摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP97 / 04541 Sec。 一九九九年二月二十二日 102(e)1999年2月22日PCT 1997年8月21日PCT公布。 出版物WO98 / 08385 1998年3月5日本发明涉及杀真菌混合物,其包含a)式I的氨基甲酸酯,其中X是CH,N,n是0,1或2,R是卤素,C 1 -C 4烷基和C 1 -C 4烷基, 当n为2时,基团R可以不同,或其盐或其加合物,以及b)式II的酰苯胺,其中R 1为氟或氯,或其盐或加合物,其在 协同活性量。
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公开(公告)号:US6114378A
公开(公告)日:2000-09-05
申请号:US171522
申请日:1998-10-21
申请人: Ruth Muller , Herbert Bayer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer
发明人: Ruth Muller , Herbert Bayer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer
CPC分类号: A01N37/52
摘要: A fungicidal mixture comprisinga) an oxime ether of the formula I ##STR1## where the substituents have the following meaning: X is oxygen or amino (NH);Y is CH or N;Z is oxygen, sulfur, amino (NH) or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino (N--C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl);R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -haloalkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -haloalkynyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkylmethyl, or benzyl which may be partially or fully halogenated and/or may carry one to three of the following radicals: cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio;andb) a dithiocarbamate (II) selected from the group consisting ofmanganese ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (zinc complex) (IIa),manganese ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (IIb),zinc ammoniate ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (IIc) andzinc ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (IId) and/orc) 1-(2-cyano-2-methoxyiminoacetyl)-3-ethylurea (III)H.sub.3 CCH.sub.2 --NHCONH--C(CN).dbd.NOCH.sub.3 (III)in a synergistically active amount.
摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP97 / 02046 Sec。 371日期:1998年10月21日 102(e)1998年10月21日PCT PCT 1997年4月23日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 40677 日期1997年11月6日一种杀真菌混合物,其包含a)式I的肟醚,其中取代基具有以下含义:X是氧或氨基(NH); Y是CH或N; Z是氧,硫,氨基(NH)或C 1 -C 4烷基氨基(N-C 1 -C 4 - 烷基); R'是可以是C 1 -C 6 - 烷基,C 1 -C 6 - 卤代烷基,C 3 -C 6 - 烯基,C 2 -C 6 - 卤代烯基,C 3 -C 6 - 炔基,C 3 -C 6 - 卤代炔基,C 3 -C 6环烷基甲基或苄基 部分或完全卤化和/或可以携带一至三个以下基团:氰基,C 1 -C 4 - 烷基,C 1 -C 4卤代烷基,C 1 -C 4 - 烷氧基,C 1 -C 4 - 卤代烷氧基和C 1 -C 4烷硫基; (IIa),亚乙基双(二硫代氨基甲酸)亚乙酯(IIb),亚氨基亚氨基二(二硫代氨基甲酸)亚胺化锌(IIc))和亚乙基双(二硫代氨基甲酸锌)亚乙基双(二亚硫代氨基甲酸酯) )(IId)和/或c)具有协同活性量的1-(2-氰基-2-甲氧基亚氨基乙酰基)-3-乙基脲(III)H3CCH2-NHCONH-C(CN)= NOCH3(III)
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公开(公告)号:US06503936B1
公开(公告)日:2003-01-07
申请号:US09856034
申请日:2001-05-17
申请人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Reinhold Saur , Hubert Sauter , Bernd Müller , Erich Birner , Joachim Leyendecker , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
发明人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Reinhold Saur , Hubert Sauter , Bernd Müller , Erich Birner , Joachim Leyendecker , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
IPC分类号: A01N4364
CPC分类号: A01N47/24 , A01N59/20 , A01N2300/00
摘要: A fungicidal mixture comprising a.1) a carbamate of the formula I.a, in which X is CH or N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl, where the radicals R can be different if n is 2, and b) a copper-containing fungicidal active compound (II) in a synergistically active amount.
摘要翻译: 一种杀真菌混合物,其包含a.1)式Ia的氨基甲酸酯,其中X是CH或N,n是0,1或2,R是卤素,C 1 -C 4烷基或C 1 -C 4卤代烷基,其中基团R 如果n是2,可以是不同的,和b)具有协同活性量的含铜杀真菌活性化合物(II)。
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公开(公告)号:US06444692B1
公开(公告)日:2002-09-03
申请号:US09423964
申请日:1999-11-17
申请人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Reinhold Saur , Hubert Sauter , Bernd Müller , Erich Birner , Joachim Leyendecker , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
发明人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Reinhold Saur , Hubert Sauter , Bernd Müller , Erich Birner , Joachim Leyendecker , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
IPC分类号: A01N4364
CPC分类号: A01N37/52 , A01N47/24 , A01N37/50 , A01N2300/00
摘要: A fungicidal mixture, comprising at least one compound selected from a) carbamates of the formula I, where T is CH or N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C1-C4-alkyl or C1-C4-haloalkyl, it being possible for the radicals R to be different if n is 2, a2) the oxime ether carboxylate of the formula II or a3) the oxime ether carboxamide of the formula III, and b) a compound of the formula IV in a synergistically effective amount.
摘要翻译: 一种杀真菌混合物,其包含至少一种选自以下的化合物:a)式I的氨基甲酸酯,其中T是CH或N,n是0,1或2,R是卤素,C 1 -C 4烷基或C 1 -C 4卤代烷基, 如果n为2,则可以使基团R不同,a2)式II的肟醚羧酸酯或式3的肟醚甲酰胺,和b)式IV化合物的协同有效量。
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公开(公告)号:US06365608B1
公开(公告)日:2002-04-02
申请号:US09581833
申请日:2000-06-19
申请人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Karl Eicken , Manfred Hampel , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
发明人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Karl Eicken , Manfred Hampel , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
IPC分类号: A01N4340
CPC分类号: A01N43/40 , A01N53/00 , A01N47/38 , A01N47/04 , A01N43/76 , A01N43/54 , A01N43/36 , A01N37/32 , A01N2300/00
摘要: Fungicidal mixtures comprise as active components a) an amide compound of the formula I A—CO—NR1R2 I in which A is an aryl group or an aromatic or non-aromatic, 5- or 6-membered heterocycle which has from 1 to 3 hetero atoms selected from O, N and S; where the aryl group or the heterocycle may or may not have 1, 2 or 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, halogen, CHF2, CF3, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfynyl and alkylsulfonyl; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a phenyl or cycloalkyl group which may or may not have 1, 2 or 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkenyloxy, phenyl and halogen, where the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic radicals may be partially or fully halogenated and/or the cycloaliphatic radicals may be substituted by from 1 to 3 alkyl groups and where the phenyl group may have from 1 to 5 halogen atoms and/or from 1 to 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio and haloalkylthio, and where the amidic phenyl group may or may not be condensed with a saturated 5-membered ring which may or may not be substituted by one or more alkyl groups and/or may have a hetero atom selected from O and S, and b) fungicides from the group of the dicarboximides and/or c) pyrimidine derivatives of the formula III in which R is methyl, propyn-1-yl or cyclopropyl, and/or d) fludioxinil or fenpiclonil and/or e) captan, captafol or folpet and/or f) fluazinam and/or g) dichlofluanid or tolylfluanid in a synergistically effective amount.
摘要翻译: 杀真菌混合物包含作为活性成分的a)式I的酰胺化合物,其中A是具有1至3个选自O,N和S的杂原子的芳基或芳族或非芳族的5或6元杂环 其中芳基或杂环可以具有或不具有1,2或3个彼此独立地选自烷基,卤素,CHF 2,CF 3,烷氧基,卤代烷氧基,烷硫基,烷基亚硫炔基和烷基磺酰基的取代基; R 1是 氢原子; R2是苯基或环烷基,其可以具有或不具有1,2或3个彼此独立地选自烷基,烯基,炔基,烷氧基,烯氧基,炔氧基,环烷基,环烯基,环烷氧基, 环烯基氧基,苯基和卤素,其中脂族和脂环族基团可以是部分或完全卤化的,和/或脂环族基团可以被1至3个烷基取代,并且其中苯基可以具有1至5个卤素原子和/或 从 1至3个选自烷基,卤代烷基,烷氧基,卤代烷氧基,烷硫基和卤代烷硫基的取代基,其中酰胺基苯基可以或不可以与饱和的5元环稠合,其可以或不可以 被一个或多个烷基取代和/或可以具有选自O和S的杂原子,和b)来自式III的二羧酰亚胺和/或c)嘧啶衍生物的杀真菌剂,其中R是甲基,丙炔-1 - 环丙基和/或)氟苯尼西或菲尼西铵和/矿石)克拉曼,captafol或folpet和/或f)氟啶胺和/ org)二氯联苯或甲苯基富兰酸盐协同有效量。
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公开(公告)号:US06350765B1
公开(公告)日:2002-02-26
申请号:US09581796
申请日:2000-06-19
申请人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Karl Eicken , Manfred Hampel , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
发明人: Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Karl Eicken , Manfred Hampel , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann
IPC分类号: A01N4340
CPC分类号: A01N43/40 , A01N47/38 , A01N43/653 , A01N2300/00
摘要: Fungicidal mixtures comprise as active components a) an amide compound of the formula I A—CO—NR1R2 I in which A is an aryl group or an aromatic or non-aromatic, 5- or 6-membered heterocycle which has from 1 to 3 hetero atoms which are selected from O, N and S; where the aryl group or the heterocycle may or may not have 1, 2 or 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, halogen, CHF2, CF3, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl and alkylsulfonyl; R1 is a hydrogen atom; R2 is a phenyl or cycloalkyl group which may or may not have 1, 2 or 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkenyloxy, phenyl and halogen, where the aliphatic and cycloaliphatic radicals may be partially or fully halogenated and/or the cycloaliphatic radicals may be substituted by from 1 to 3 alkyl groups and where the phenyl group may have from 1 to 5 halogen atoms and/or from 1 to 3 substituents which are selected, independently of one another, from alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, alkylthio and haloalkylthio, and where the amidic phenyl group may or may not be condensed with a saturated 5-membered ring which may or may not be substituted by one or more alkyl groups and/or may have a hetero atom selected from O and S, and b) an azole derivative II in a synergistically effective amount.
摘要翻译: 杀真菌混合物包含作为活性成分的a)式I的酰胺化合物,其中A是具有1至3个选自O,N的杂原子的芳基或芳族或非芳族的5或6元杂环 和S; 其中芳基或杂环可以具有或不具有1,2或3个彼此独立地选自烷基,卤素,CHF 2,CF 3,烷氧基,卤代烷氧基,烷硫基,烷基亚磺酰基和烷基磺酰基的取代基; R 1是氢 原子; R2是苯基或环烷基,其可以具有或不具有1,2或3个彼此独立地选自烷基,烯基,炔基,烷氧基,烯氧基,炔氧基,环烷基,环烯基,环烷氧基,环烯基氧基 ,苯基和卤素,其中脂族和脂环族基团可以部分或完全卤化和/或脂环族基团可以被1-3个烷基取代,并且其中苯基可以具有1至5个卤素原子和/或 1至3个选自烷基,卤代烷基,烷氧基,卤代烷氧基,烷硫基和卤代烷硫基的取代基,其中酰胺苯基可以或不可以与饱和的5元基 其可以或可以不被一个或多个烷基取代和/或可以具有选自O和S的杂原子,和b)协同有效量的唑衍生物II。
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公开(公告)号:US6166058A
公开(公告)日:2000-12-26
申请号:US214507
申请日:1999-01-07
申请人: Bernd Muller , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Manfred Hampel , Reinhold Saur , Joachim Leyendecker
发明人: Bernd Muller , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Manfred Hampel , Reinhold Saur , Joachim Leyendecker
IPC分类号: A01N25/00 , A01N37/50 , A01N47/24 , A01N47/44 , A01N43/56 , A01N37/12 , A01N37/44 , A01N37/52 , A01N43/64
CPC分类号: A01N47/44 , A01N47/24 , A01N37/50 , A01N2300/00
摘要: Fungicidal mixture comprising, as active components,a.sub.1) the oxime ether carboxylate of the formula Ia ##STR1## or a salt or adduct thereof, and/or a.sub.2) a carbamate of the formula Ib ##STR2## where X is CH or N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, it being possible for the radicals R to be different if n is 2, or a salt or adduct thereof, andb) iminoctadine IIH.sub.2 N--C(.dbd.NH)--NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.8 --NH--(CH.sub.2).sub.8 --NH--C(.dbd.NH)--NH.sub.2 (II) or a salt or adduct thereof,in a synergistically active amount, and its use for controlling harmful fungi.
摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP97 / 03378。 一九九九年一月七日 102(e)日期1999年1月7日PCT提交1997年6月27日PCT公布。 出版物WO98 / 01033 日期1998年1月15日包含作为活性成分的a1)式Ia的肟醚羧酸酯或其盐或其加合物的防霉混合物,和/或a2)式Ib的氨基甲酸酯,其中X是CH或N,n是 0,1或2,R为卤素,C 1 -C 4 - 烷基或C 1 -C 4 - 卤代烷基,如果n为2,基团R可以不同,或其盐或加合物,以及b)亚胺辛胺IIH2N- C(= NH)-NH-(CH 2)8 -NH-(CH 2)8 -NH-C(= NH)-NH 2(II)或其盐或加合物,并且其用于控制 有害真菌
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公开(公告)号:US6156778A
公开(公告)日:2000-12-05
申请号:US242729
申请日:1999-02-22
申请人: Ruth Muller , Herbert Bayer , Hubert Sauter , Karl Eicken , Frank Wetterich , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Maria Scherer , Klaus Schelberger , Bernd Muller , Joachim Leyendecker
发明人: Ruth Muller , Herbert Bayer , Hubert Sauter , Karl Eicken , Frank Wetterich , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Maria Scherer , Klaus Schelberger , Bernd Muller , Joachim Leyendecker
摘要: This invention relates to a composition for controlling harmful fungi comprising, in a solid or liquid carrier,a) at least one carbamate of the formula I ##STR1## where X is CH or N andthe radicals R.sup.a and R.sup.b independently of one another are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl group; andb) at least one valine amide of the formula II ##STR2## where R.sup.1 is C.sub.3 -C.sub.4 -alkyl andR.sup.2 is naphthyl or phenyl, the phenyl radical being substituted in the 4-position by a halogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl group or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy group.
摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP97 / 04679 Sec。 一九九九年二月二十二日 102(e)1999年2月22日PCT 1997年8月27日PCT PCT。 公开号WO98 / 08386 日本特开1998年5月3日本发明涉及一种用于控制有害真菌的组合物,其在固体或液体载体中包含:a)至少一种式I的氨基甲酸酯,其中X为CH或N,基团R a和R b彼此独立地为 氢原子,卤素原子,C1-C4烷基或C1-C4卤代烷基; 和b)至少一种式II的缬氨酸酰胺,其中R 1是C 3 -C 4 - 烷基,R 2是萘基或苯基,苯基在4-位被卤素原子取代,C 1 -C 4 - 烷基或 C1-C4-烷氧基。
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公开(公告)号:US6156760A
公开(公告)日:2000-12-05
申请号:US155110
申请日:1998-09-21
申请人: Ruth Muller , Herbert Bayer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Joachim Leyendecker , Bernd Muller
发明人: Ruth Muller , Herbert Bayer , Hubert Sauter , Eberhard Ammermann , Gisela Lorenz , Siegfried Strathmann , Klaus Schelberger , Maria Scherer , Joachim Leyendecker , Bernd Muller
摘要: Fungicidal mixtures, comprisinga) an oxime ether of the formula I ##STR1## where the substituents have the following meanings: X is oxygen or amino (NH);Y is CH or N;Z is oxygen, sulfur, amino (NH) or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylamino (N--C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl);R' is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -haloalkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkenyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 -haloalkenyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -alkynyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -haloalkynyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -Cycloalkylmethyl, or is benzyl which can be partially or fully halogenated and/or can have attached to it one to three of the following radicals: cyano, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkoxy and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylthio and/orb) a carbamate of the formula II ##STR2## where T is CH or N, n is 0, 1 or 2 and R is halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -haloalkyl, it being possible for the radicals R to be different when n is 2, andc) a pyrimidine derivative of the formula III ##STR3## where R is methyl, propyn-1-yl or cyclopropyl, in a synergistically active amount.
摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / EP97 / 02023 Sec。 371日期:1998年9月21日 102(e)1998年9月21日PCT PCT 1997年4月22日提交PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 40685 日期1997年11月6日杀真菌混合物,其包含a)式I的肟醚,其中取代基具有以下含义:X是氧或氨基(NH); Y是CH或N; Z是氧,硫,氨基(NH)或C 1 -C 4烷基氨基(N-C 1 -C 4 - 烷基); R'是C 1 -C 6 - 烷基,C 1 -C 6 - 卤代烷基,C 3 -C 6 - 烯基,C 2 -C 6 - 卤代烯基,C 3 -C 6炔基,C 3 -C 6 - 卤代炔基,C 3 -C 6 - 环烷基甲基, 部分或完全卤化和/或可以与其连接一至三个以下基团:氰基,C 1 -C 4 - 烷基,C 1 -C 4卤代烷基,C 1 -C 4 - 烷氧基,C 1 -C 4 - 卤代烷氧基和C 1 -C 4 - 烷硫基和/或b)式II的氨基甲酸酯,其中T是CH或N,n是0,1或2,R是卤素,C 1 -C 4 - 烷基或C 1 -C 4 - 卤代烷基, 当n为2时,R为不同的,c)式III的嘧啶衍生物,其中R为甲基,丙炔-1-基或环丙基,具有协同活性的量。
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