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41.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5365011A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-15
申请号：US54641
申请日：1993-05-05
IPC分类号： C07C7/13
CPC分类号： C07C7/13
摘要： Method of separating a gaseous alkene from a gaseous alkane by a pressure swing adsorption process unit alone or in combination with the distillation column wherein the alkene is preferentially adsorbed onto a bed of 4A zeolite at a temperature of about 50.degree. to about 200.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 通过单独的变压吸附处理单元或与蒸馏塔组合的气态烷烃从气态烷烃中分离出的方法，其中烯烃优选在约50℃至约200℃的温度下吸附到4A沸石床上。
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公开(公告)号：US5264608A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-23
申请号：US840484
申请日：1992-02-24
IPC分类号： B01J23/22 , B01J23/84 , C07B61/00 , C07C253/26 , C07C253/34 , C07C255/07 , C07C255/08 , C07C253/24
CPC分类号： C07C253/26 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A process for the production of an ethylenically unsaturated nitrile from a hydrocarbon feed stream comprised of a mixture of an alkene and an alkane by reaction with an oxygen-containing gas and ammonia. The alkene is converted to unsaturated nitrile by reaction with the oxygen and ammonia in the presence of a suitable catalyst in a first ammoxidation reactor; the nitrile product is recovered from the product stream; some of the byproduct carbon oxides and some of the inert gas introduced into the system with the reactants are removed from product stream and the remainder of this stream, now rich in unreacted alkene and alkane, and containing the rest of the byproduct gases and inert gases is introduced with additional oxygen-containing gas and ammonia into a second ammoxidation reactor which contains a catalyst that catalyzes reaction between the alkane, oxygen and ammonia to produce additional unsaturated nitrile. The effluent from the second ammoxidation reactor is fully recycled to the first ammoxidation reactor or to the nitrile recovery unit or it is split into two streams, one of which is recycled to the first ammoxidation reactor and the other of which is recycled to the nitrile recovery unit.
摘要翻译： 从含有烯烃和烷烃的混合物的烃进料流中通过与含氧气体和氨反应而生产烯属不饱和腈的方法。 在合适的催化剂存在下，在第一氨氧化反应器中，通过与氧和氨反应将烯烃转化成不饱和腈; 从产品流中回收腈产物; 一些副产物碳氧化物和一些与反应物一起引入该体系的惰性气体从产物流中除去，而该物流的剩余部分现在富含未反应的烯烃和烷烃，并含有其余的副产物气体和惰性气体 与另外的含氧气体和氨一起引入第二氨氧化反应器，其包含催化烷烃，氧和氨之间的反应产生额外的不饱和腈的催化剂。 来自第二氨氧化反应器的流出物被完全再循环到第一氨氧化反应器或腈回收装置，或者将其分成两股，其中一个流被再循环到第一个氨氧化反应器，另一个循环到腈回收 单元。
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公开(公告)号：US5126463A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-30
申请号：US607198
申请日：1990-10-31
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , C07C17/156 , C07C45/34 , C07C45/35 , C07C51/215 , C07C51/25 , C07C51/31 , C07C253/24 , C07D301/08
CPC分类号： C07D301/08 , B01J19/002 , C07C17/156 , C07C45/34 , C07C45/35 , C07C51/215 , C07C51/252 , C07C51/313
摘要： This invention provides a process for the production of an anhydride by the vapor phase reaction of a hydrocarbon with substantially pure oxygen in the presence of a suitable catalyst. In the improved process, the anhydride product is removed, carbon monoxide, present in the reactor effluent as a by-product, is oxidized to carbon dioxide and part of the gaseous effluent, comprised mainly of carbon dioxide and unreacted hydrocarbon, is recycled to the reactor. Removal of carbon monoxide from the recycle stream reduces the hazard of a fire or explosion in the reactor or associated equipment. The use of carbon dioxide as the principal diluent increases heat removal from the reactor, thereby increasing the production capacity of the reactor.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了通过烃与基本上纯的氧在合适催化剂存在下的气相反应来生产酸酐的方法。 在改进的方法中，除去作为副产物存在于反应器流出物中的酸酐产物被氧化成二氧化碳，并且主要由二氧化碳和未反应的烃组成的部分气体流出物被再循环到 反应堆。 从循环流中去除一氧化碳减少了反应器或相关设备中的火灾或爆炸危险。 使用二氧化碳作为主要稀释剂增加了从反应器中的热量去除，从而提高了反应器的生产能力。
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公开(公告)号：US5015756A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-14
申请号：US345916
申请日：1989-05-01
IPC分类号： C07C253/24 , B01J19/00 , C07B61/00 , C07C51/215 , C07C51/265 , C07C57/145 , C07C67/00 , C07C253/00 , C07C255/08 , C07D307/60
CPC分类号： B01J19/002 , C07C253/24 , C07C253/26 , C07C51/215 , C07C51/265 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/582
摘要： An improved process is provided for the production of nitriles from hydrocarbons by reaction with an oxygen-containing gas comprising oxygen, air or a gas enriched in oxygen relative to air and ammonia in the presence of a suitable catalyst. In the process, a selective separator provides recycle of a substantial portion of the unreacted hydrocarbon as well as for a controlled amount of a gaseous flame suppressor in the system. The gaseous flame suppressor comprises a substantially unreactive hydrocarbon containing 1 to 5 carbon atoms, carbon dioxide and nitrogen when present in the feed to the ammoxidation reactor. The use of air or oxygen-enriched air in the feed to the ammoxidation reactor is particularly advantageous from an economic view in combination with a pressure swing adsorption unit as the selective separator. The process is characterized by high selectivity to the formation of the product.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的方法，用于在合适的催化剂存在下，通过与包含氧气，空气或富氧相对于空气和氨气体的含氧气体与含碳气体反应生产腈。 在该方法中，选择性分离器提供大部分未反应烃的再循环以及用于系统中受控量的气态阻燃剂的再循环。 当存在于氨氧化反应器的进料中时，气态阻燃剂包含含有1至5个碳原子的基本上不活泼的烃，二氧化碳和氮。 从作为选择性分离器的变压吸附装置的经济观点出发，使用空气或富氧空气进入氨氧化反应器的进料是特别有利的。 该方法的特征在于对产物形成的高选择性。
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公开(公告)号：US4943650A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-24
申请号：US304055
申请日：1989-01-30
IPC分类号： B01J23/18 , B01J19/00 , B01J23/28 , B01J23/825 , B01J23/835 , C07B61/00 , C07C253/26 , C07C253/34 , C07C255/08 , C07D301/08 , C07D303/04
CPC分类号： C07C253/34 , B01J19/002 , C07C253/24 , C07C253/26 , C07D301/08 , Y02P20/52 , Y02P20/582
摘要： An improved process is provided for the production of nitriles and oxides from hydrocarbons by reaction with oxygen, air or a gas enriched in oxygen relative to air, preferably the latter, and ammonia where a nitrile is desired, in the presence of a suitable catalyst. An alkane, e.g. propane, is converted to an alkene in a catalytic dehydrogenator. The product stream is introduced into an ammoxidation reactor. The product formed therein is recovered in a conventional quench tower. The pressure of the gaseous effluent from the quench tower is raised and it is introduced into an absorber/stripper unit to form a recycle stream containing unreacted alkane and alkene as well as a minor amount of oxygen, typically 1-2 percent by volume, and a waste stream comprising the remainder of the quench tower gaseous phase. The recycle stream is introduced into a selective oxidation unit to remove the oxygen therefrom and then recycled to the dehydrogenator. Flammability of the quench tower gaseous effluent and the waste stream from the absorber/stripper is minimized by assuring that the nonflammability index (NFI) thereof is within certain limits. The desired NFI is related to the total hydrocarbon content of the stream and may be achieved, if required, by the addition thereto of a gaseous flame suppresor. The gaseous flame suppressor is removed with the absorber/stripper unit waste stream which may advantageously be combusted to provide energy for the process. A PSA unit may be utilized to remove excess hydrogen from the dehydrogenator effluent. The dehydrogenator may be a multistage dehydrogenator.
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公开(公告)号：US4849537A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-18
申请号：US215859
申请日：1988-07-06
IPC分类号： C07D301/22 , C07B43/08 , C07C253/24 , C07C253/26 , C07C253/34 , C07C255/08 , C07D301/08 , C07D303/04
CPC分类号： C07C253/34 , C07C253/26 , C07D301/08 , Y02P20/582
摘要： An improved process is provided for the production of nitriles from hydrocarbons by reaction with oxygen, air or gas-enriched in relative to an air, and ammonia, in the presence of an ammoxidation catalyst. An alkane, e.g. propane, is converted to an alkene in a multistage dehydrogenator. The product stream is withdrawn from a reactor in the dehydrogenator other than the first and the last reactor and introduced into an ammoxidation reactor. The product is recovered in a conventional quench tower. The gaseous effluent from the quench tower is treated in a pressure swing adsorption unit to form a gas stream containing the unreacted alkane and alkene as well as a minor amount of oxygen. The gas stream, which may or may not contain hydrogen depending on the absorbent in the pressure swing adsorption unit, is introduced into the reactor in the dehydrogenator following that from which the product stream was withdrawn. The effluent from the last reactor in the dehydrogenator is introduced into: the first reactor; an intermediate reactor wherein the alkene concentration closely approximates the effluent or the ammoxidation reactor. The subject process is particularly efficient utilizing oxygen-enriched air in the reactor feed. A particularly preferred pressure swing adsorption system for use in the subject process comprises two parallel pressure swing adsorption units containing different adsorbents such that the gas stream formed in one contains all of the hydrogen in the gas phase from the quench tower. The feed to the pressure swing adsorption units is divided disproportionately so that the conbined pressure swing adsorption effluent recycle streams contain the optimum concentration of hydrogen for the dehydrogenator.
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