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41.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4785818A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-22
申请号：US880572
申请日：1986-06-30
申请人： William R. Hardin
发明人： William R. Hardin
CPC分类号： G01S7/52057 , G01S7/52044
摘要： Pixel data stored in a display memory of an ultrasonic scanning system is updated in response to weighted new pixel data generated from a reflected ultrasonic wave averaged with weighted stored pixel data. A measure of difference between the new pixel data and the stored pixel data is obtained, and the weighting factor for the new pixel data increases as a function of the difference while the weighting factor for the stored data decreases as a function of the difference whereby small differences in the signals due to noise are suppressed while large differences in the pixel values due to fast moving echogenic targets such as a heart valve are enhanced. The weighting of the two pixel values can further include a factor depending on the selected display dynamic range of the ultrasonic scanner. The weighted values of the pixels are stored in memories that are addressed by the pixel value and the measure of difference between the present intensity value and the stored intensity value, and the outputs of the memories are then combined such as by averaging to obtain an updated pixel value for storage in the image memory.
摘要翻译： 存储在超声波扫描系统的显示存储器中的像素数据响应于由加权存储的像素数据平均的反射超声波产生的加权新像素数据而被更新。 获得新像素数据和存储的像素数据之间的差异度量，并且新像素数据的加权因子作为差异的函数而增加，而存储数据的加权因子作为差异的函数而减小，由此小 抑制由于噪声引起的信号的差异，同时由于诸如心脏瓣膜的快速移动的回声目标而导致的像素值的较大差异被增强。 两个像素值的加权可以进一步包括取决于所选择的超声波扫描器的显示动态范围的因子。 像素的加权值被存储在由像素值和当前强度值与存储的强度值之间的差的测量值存储的存储器中，然后通过平均来组合存储器的输出以获得更新的 用于存储在图像存储器中的像素值。
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公开(公告)号：US4745475A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-17
申请号：US807349
申请日：1985-12-10
申请人： John Bicknell
发明人： John Bicknell
摘要： A system for converting A-scan signals in r, .theta. co-ordinates into display data for x, y co-ordinate display locations, in which, for each A-scan signal, signal values for which the r co-ordinate is greater than a predetermined value contribute to the display data and values for which the r co-ordinate is less do not, and the predetermined values of r are different for different A-scans. FIG. 2 shows pixels, or display locations, close to the origin of an x, y rastor display. The lines radiating from the origin show the r, .theta. co-ordinates of A-scan signals derived from a radar antenna, superposed for purposes of illustration on the grid of pixels. The display data used to brighten an individual pixel is taken only from some, and not from all, of the A-scans which intercept that pixel. In particular, no data is taken from the portions of the A-scans which lie radially inwardly of the points 28 to 36, but data is taken from the portions of the A-scans that lie radially outwardly.
摘要翻译： 用于将r，θ坐标中的A扫描信号转换成用于x，y坐标显示位置的显示数据的系统，其中对于每个A扫描信号，r坐标的信号值大于 预定值有助于显示数据和r坐标较少的值，并且r的预定值对于不同的A扫描是不同的。 图。 2显示靠近x，y rastor显示原点的像素或显示位置。 从原点辐射的线表示从雷达天线导出的A扫描信号的r，θ坐标，用于在像素网格上进行说明。 用于使单个像素变亮的显示数据仅取自截取该像素的A扫描中的某些而不是全部。 特别地，没有从位于点28至36的径向向内的A扫描的部分获取数据，而是从径向向外的A扫描的部分获取数据。
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公开(公告)号：US4689675A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-25
申请号：US737247
申请日：1985-05-23
CPC分类号： G01S7/52044 , G01S7/298 , G01S7/531
摘要： A digital scan converter with an initialization circuit. The initialization circuit, for example, a dedicated circuit or a computer, relates each pixel in a converted image to two or more respective pixels which lie adjacent to it and which are selected from an original image which is generated by a scanner. The initialization circuit also calculates and makes available interpolation constants to be used in deriving the value of a given pixel in terms of its respective, adjacently lying, group of pixels. When the converted image has a raster scan format, a satisfactory image is obtained when the respective group of pixels consists of two pixels between which lies the pixel whose value is to be calculated. By predefining the relationship between the pixels in the converted and original images before actual conversion begins real time operation is achieved.
摘要翻译： 具有初始化电路的数字扫描转换器。 初始化电路，例如专用电路或计算机将转换后的图像中的每个像素与位于其相邻的两个或更多个相应的像素相关联，并且从由扫描仪生成的原始图像中选择。 初始化电路还计算并使可用的内插常数用于根据其相应的相邻的像素组来导出给定像素的值。 当转换的图像具有光栅扫描格式时，当相应的像素组由两个像素构成时，获得令人满意的图像，其间位于要计算其值的像素。 通过预先确定实际转换开始之前的转换和原始图像中的像素之间的关系，实现实时操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4675679A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US805384
申请日：1985-12-04
申请人： Kazuo Onozawa
发明人： Kazuo Onozawa
摘要： A digital scan converter comprises an A/D converter; an input buffer; a random access memory; a write address generator; a plurality of read address generators; an address switch circuit composed of a first address switch means for switching the addresses from the write address generator and the read address generators and delivering the addresses via an address signal line to the random access memory, and alternately switching a first address signal line for transmitting the address from the write address generator and a common signal line for commonly transmitting the addresses from the plurality of the read address generators for connecting one of said switched lines with the address signal line, and a second switch means for switching in succession the connection between the common signal line and a plurality of second signal lines respectively connected with the plurality of the read address generators for transmitting the addresses; a plurality of output buffer; an output switch circuit having a third switch means cooperating with the second switch means for switching the connection between the first data line for transmitting the digital data from the random access memory and the plurality of the second data lines for transmitting the digital data to the output buffers, the output switch circuit being adapted to receive the digital data from the random access memory and switch the connections from the output switch circuit to the plurality of the output buffers; and a plurality of D/A converters.
摘要翻译： 数字扫描转换器包括A / D转换器; 一个输入缓冲区; 随机存取存储器 写地址生成器; 多个读地址生成器; 地址切换电路，由第一地址切换装置构成，第一地址切换装置用于切换来自写入地址发生器和读取地址生成器的地址，并通过地址信号线将地址传送到随机存取存储器，并且交替地切换用于发送的第一地址信号线 来自写地址发生器的地址和用于从多个读地址发生器共同发送地址的公共信号线，用于将所述切换行中的一个与地址信号线相连，以及第二开关装置，用于连续地切换 分别与多个读地址生成器连接的公共信号线和多个第二信号线，用于发送地址; 多个输出缓冲器; 输出开关电路，具有与第二开关装置配合的第三开关装置，用于切换用于从随机存取存储器发送数字数据的第一数据线与用于将数字数据发送到输出端的多条第二数据线之间的连接 缓冲器，输出开关电路适于从随机存取存储器接收数字数据，并将连接从输出开关电路切换到多个输出缓冲器; 和多个D / A转换器。
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公开(公告)号：US4642801A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-10
申请号：US597861
申请日：1984-04-09
申请人： Didier Perny
发明人： Didier Perny
CPC分类号： G01S7/531 , G01S15/8902 , G01S7/6218
摘要： A visual display process of objects identified by a classification sonar consisting of modifying the visual display cathode ray tube scan laws in order to obtain a representation which is modified according to a perspective mode where the ratio of their height to their width is constant whatever their range, or to a normalized dimension mode where identical objects of the same orientation have the same representation whatever their range.
摘要翻译： 由分类声纳识别的物体的视觉显示过程，其包括修改视觉显示阴极射线管扫描定律，以便获得根据其高度与其宽度的比率恒定的透视模式进行修改的表示，无论其范围如何 或归一化尺度模式，其中相同取向的相同对象具有相同的表示，而不管其范围如何。
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公开(公告)号：US4567897A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-04
申请号：US641270
申请日：1984-08-16
申请人： Noriaki Endo , Tsuyoshi Yoshie
发明人： Noriaki Endo , Tsuyoshi Yoshie
CPC分类号： G01S7/52085 , G01S15/8979 , G01S7/52044 , G01S7/52063
摘要： In a digital scan converter, a vector data generator is provided. When the scanning mode is selected, the predetermined vector data adapted to the selected scanning mode is generated from the vector data generator. This vector data is temporarily stored and then used when the actual scanning commences.
摘要翻译： 在数字扫描转换器中，提供矢量数据发生器。 当选择扫描模式时，从矢量数据生成器生成适合所选扫描模式的预定矢量数据。 该矢量数据被暂时存储，然后在实际扫描开始时使用。
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公开(公告)号：US4471449A
公开(公告)日：1984-09-11
申请号：US317081
申请日：1981-11-02
申请人： Steven C. Leavitt , Hugh G. Larsen , Barry F. Hunt
发明人： Steven C. Leavitt , Hugh G. Larsen , Barry F. Hunt
CPC分类号： G01S7/52044 , G06T11/203
摘要： Apparatus for interpolating data along radial lines so that it can be displayed at display points arranged in orthogonal rows and columns by recursively adding stored values to derive signals indicative of the radial position of each display point along the radial data lines and its angular position between the radial data lines. Interpolation is done along each radial line to derive first and second intermediate interpolated values, and these values are interpolated so as to derive the final data value for the display point at its angular position. Alternatively, the intermediate interpolated values can be attained by angular interpolation and the final data value by radial interpolation.
摘要翻译： 用于沿着径向线插入数据的装置，使得其可以在以正交行和列排列的显示点处被显示，通过递归地添加存储的值以导出指示每个显示点沿着径向数据线的径向位置的信号，以及它们之间的角位置 径向数据线。 沿着每个径向线进行插值以导出第一和第二中间插值，并且对这些值进行内插，以便在其角位置导出显示点的最终数据值。 或者，可以通过角插值和通过径向内插的最终数据值来获得中间内插值。
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公开(公告)号：US4449199A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-15
申请号：US206243
申请日：1980-11-12
申请人： Ronald E. Daigle
发明人： Ronald E. Daigle
IPC分类号： G01S7/539 , G01S7/298 , G01S7/531 , G06F3/153 , G06F13/00 , G09G5/39 , G09G5/393 , G09G5/395 , G11C7/00 , H04N7/01 , G06F15/20
摘要： Imaging information characterizable as a pixel grid or matrix of 256 image columns and 512 image rows is supplied by a scanning transducer means delivering a series of ray lines of information where each ray corresponds to an image column. The incoming pixels of the rays are converted into digitized data words, and stored for scan conversion by being routed, in simultaneous blocks of eight words, to a respective one of eight different page memories, in accordance with an image memory organization scheme assigning a different page routing number to each pixel of a block for the entire image matrix, to enable parallel memory access for both input and output operations. The first page for the first pixel of each incoming ray is determined by logic which subtracts the ray or column number from eight, modulo 8. Subsequent pages are generated by incrementing repetitively within the range 0, 1, 2 . . . for each subsequent incoming pixel, after being set to said first page number. Each page is associated with a corresponding element of an input buffer, to receive the corresponding pixel for each incoming column block. All elements of the full buffer are dumped in parallel to the eight page memories simultaneously. This occurs repetitively for all blocks of each ray/column until each pixel of a frame is stored at an individually separate page address determined by simple arithmetical logic. For output, the page memories are read out in rows, in simultaneous parallel row blocks of eight, one block element from each page, to an output buffer having an element connected to each page, with the page address for each pixel of a row block determined by a simple arithmetical operation. The output buffer elements are fed serially to a video display subsystem in an order determined by the page routing numbers of the rows of the image memory organization scheme. Simple circuitry determines the order of buffer element readout, with the first page/buffer element number being simply the number of the image row being read out, (Modulo 8), and subsequent page/buffer element numbers of that row being generated incrementing repetitively within the range 0, 7, 6 . . . 1, after being set to said row first page number. Such readout in successive rows of course effects conversion to a conventional video format for display.
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公开(公告)号：US4265121A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-05
申请号：US959565
申请日：1978-11-13
申请人： Robert W. Cribbs
发明人： Robert W. Cribbs
CPC分类号： G01S15/8977 , G01N29/06 , G01S7/52044 , G01S7/5206
摘要： A high resolution, ultrasound imaging system is disclosed having a transducer which produces a diverging beam of ultrasound energy of sufficiently large angle so as to impinge on the sound-reflecting object from substantially all positions along the transducer scan path.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种高分辨率超声成像系统，其具有产生具有足够大的角度的超声能量的发散束的换能器，以便沿着换能器扫描路径从基本上所有的位置撞击声音反射物体。
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公开(公告)号：US4236221A
公开(公告)日：1980-11-25
申请号：US959975
申请日：1978-11-13
申请人： Robert W. Cribbs , Gary L. Engle
发明人： Robert W. Cribbs , Gary L. Engle
CPC分类号： G01S15/8977 , G01S7/52028 , G01S7/52044
摘要： A Scan Converter for use with an Ultrasonic Imaging System is disclosed, which permits the buffering of sweep address and video data with relatively fewer bits of information. In essence, the propogation path of the ultrasonic pulses is resolved into a pair of vectoral components while the propogation path media is defined by successive contiguous body segments which are to be respectively displayed as video picture elements. A series of first signals indicate the crossing of segment boundaries in the vectoral direction having the faster rate of boundary crossings. A second signal is produced having a unique valve which indicates a boundary crossing by the pulse in the other vectoral direction. Reflections of the ultrasonic pulse are sampled at a rate determined by the first signals; i.e., the rate at which segment boundaries are crossed in the first vectoral direction. The sample values are held for storage in memory. The memory includes a matrix of memory location associated with respective picture elements. The one coordinate of the memory address is successively incremented with the storage of the respective successive values. The second coordinate of the address is incremented by the unique value of the forementioned second signal; in other words, when a segment boundary is crossed in the slower vectoral direction.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于超声成像系统的扫描转换器，其允许以相对较少的信息位缓冲扫描地址和视频数据。 实质上，超声波脉冲的传播路径被分解为一对矢量分量，而传播路径介质由连续的相邻的主体段限定，这些连续的主体段将被分别显示为视频图像元素。 一系列第一信号表示具有更快的边界交换速率的矢量方向上的段边界的交叉。 产生具有独特阀的第二信号，该阀表示在另一个矢量方向上以脉冲交叉的边界。 以由第一信号确定的速率对超声脉冲的反射进行采样; 即在第一向量方向上的段边界交叉的速率。 保存示例值以存储在内存中。 存储器包括与各个图像元素相关联的存储器位置的矩阵。 存储器地址的一个坐标随着各个连续值的存储而相继递增。 地址的第二坐标增加前述第二信号的唯一值; 换句话说，当在较慢的矢量方向上交叉分段边界时。
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