公开(公告)号：US20090159277A1

公开(公告)日：2009-06-25

申请号：US12336092

申请日：2008-12-16

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/243 ,  E21B43/247

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for the enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by in situ combustion of the hydrocarbon deposit, from injection of an oxygen rich gas and drawing off a flue gas to control the rate and propagation of the combustion front to be predominantly horizontal and propagating vertically downwards guided by the vertical highly permeable hydraulic fractures. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a highly permeable proppant containing hydrodesulfurization and thermal cracking catalysts. The oxygen rich gas is injected via the well bore into the top of the propped fractures, the in situ hydrocarbons are ignited by a downhole burner, and the generated flue gas extracted from the bottom of the propped fractures through the well bore and mobile oil gravity drains through the propped fractures to the bottom of the well bore and pumped to the surface. The combustion front is predominantly horizontal, providing good vertical and lateral sweep, due to the flue gas exhaust control provided by the highly permeable propped fractures.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种方法和装置，用于通过烃沉积物的原位燃烧，从注入富氧气体和抽出烟道气来控制燃烧前沿的速率和传播，从地下增强石油流体的回收 主要是水平的并垂直向下传播，由垂直的高渗透水力裂缝引导。 多孔支撑竖向水力裂缝由井眼构建成油砂层，并填充含有加氢脱硫和热裂解催化剂的高渗透性支撑剂。 富氧气体通过井眼注入到支撑的裂缝的顶部，原位烃被井下燃烧器点燃，并且所产生的烟道气从支撑的裂缝的底部通过井眼和流动的油重力 通过支撑的裂缝排出到井筒的底部并泵送到地面。 燃烧前沿主要是水平的，由于由高度可渗透的支撑裂缝提供的烟气排放控制，提供良好的垂直和横向扫掠。

公开(公告)号：US20070199706A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11379829

申请日：2006-04-24

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/267 ,  E21B36/00 ,  E21B43/24

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： The present invention involves a method and apparatus for enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by convective heating of the oil sand formation and the heavy oil and bitumen in situ by a downhole electric heater. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a diluent. The heater and downhole pump force thermal convective flow of the heated diluent to flow upward and outward into the propped fractures and circulating back down and back towards the well bore heating the oil sands and in situ bitumen on the vertical faces of the propped fractures. The diluent now mixed with produced products from the oil sand re-enters the bottom of the well bore and passes over the heater element and is reheated to continue to flow in the convective cell. Thus the heating and diluting of the in place bitumen occurs predominantly circumferentially, i.e. orthogonal to the propped fracture, by diffusion from the propped vertical fracture faces progressing at a nearly uniform rate into the oil sand deposit. In situ hydrogenation and thermal cracking of the in place bitumen can provide a higher grade produced product. The heated low viscosity oil is produced through the well bore at the completion of the active heating phase of the process.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过井下电加热器对油砂地层和重油和沥青的原位进行对流加热来从地下增强石油流体回收的方法和装置。 多支撑垂直水力裂缝由井眼构造成油砂层，并填充稀释剂。 加热器和井下泵迫使加热的稀释剂的热对流流向向上和向外流入支撑的裂缝，并向后向后循环回钻井，加热油砂和在支撑的裂缝的垂直面上的原位沥青。 现在与来自油砂的生产产物混合的稀释剂重新进入井眼的底部并且通过加热器元件并被再加热以继续在对流池中流动。 因此，原位沥青的加热和稀释主要沿周向（即与支撑的断裂正交）通过从几乎均匀的速率进入油砂沉积物的支撑垂直断裂面的扩散而发生。 原位加氢和热裂解的原位沥青可以提供更高级别的生产产品。 加热的低粘度油在工艺的主动加热阶段完成时通过井眼产生。

公开(公告)号：US20070199704A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11685019

申请日：2007-03-12

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/04 ,  E21B33/14 ,  E21B43/267

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： A method and apparatus for initiating and propagating a vertical hydraulic fracture in unconsolidated and weakly cemented sediments from a single bore hole to control the fracture initiation plane and propagation of the hydraulic fracture, enabling greater yield and recovery of petroleum fluids from the formation. An injection casing with multiple fracture initiation sections is inserted and grouted into a bore hole. A fracture fluid carrying a proppant is injected into the injection casing and opens the fracture initiation sections to dilate the formation in a direction orthogonal to the required fracture azimuth plane. Propagation of the fracture is controlled by limiting the fracture fluid injection rate during fracture initiation and propagation and maintaining a minimum fracture fluid viscosity. The injection casing initiation section remains open after fracturing providing direct hydraulic connection between the production well bore, the permeable proppant filled fracture and the formation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于启动和传播来自单个钻孔的未固结和弱胶结沉积物中的垂直水力裂缝的控制裂缝起始面和水力裂缝扩展的方法和装置，从而能够从地层获得更大的产量和回收石油流体。 将具有多个断裂起始部分的注射套管插入并灌注到钻孔中。 将承载支撑剂的断裂流体注入到注射套管中，并打开断裂起始部分以在与所需的断裂方位平面垂直的方向上扩张地层。 通过限制断裂开始和扩展期间的断裂流体注入速率并保持最小的断裂流体粘度来控制裂缝的传播。 压裂后，注射套管起始部分保持打开，从而在生产井眼，可渗透的支撑剂填充的裂缝和地层之间提供直接的液压连接。

公开(公告)号：US20070199702A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11626175

申请日：2007-01-23

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/247 ,  E21B43/24

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for the enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by in situ combustion of the hydrocarbon deposit, from injection of an oxygen rich gas and drawing off a flue gas to control the rate and propagation of the combustion front to be predominantly horizontal and propagating vertically downwards guided by the vertical highly permeable hydraulic fractures. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a highly permeable proppant containing hydrodesulfurization and thermal cracking catalysts. The oxygen rich gas is injected via the well bore into the top of the propped fractures, the in situ hydrocarbons are ignited by a downhole burner, and the generated flue gas extracted from the bottom of the propped fractures through the well bore and mobile oil gravity drains through the propped fractures to the bottom of the well bore and pumped to the surface. The combustion front is predominantly horizontal, providing good vertical and lateral sweep, due to the flue gas exhaust control provided by the highly permeable propped fractures.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种方法和装置，用于通过烃沉积物的原位燃烧，从注入富氧气体和抽出烟道气来控制燃烧前沿的速率和传播，从地下增强石油流体的回收 主要是水平的并垂直向下传播，由垂直的高渗透水力裂缝引导。 多孔支撑竖向水力裂缝由井眼构建成油砂层，并填充含有加氢脱硫和热裂解催化剂的高渗透性支撑剂。 富氧气体通过井眼注入到支撑的裂缝的顶部，原位烃被井下燃烧器点燃，并且所产生的烟道气从支撑的裂缝的底部通过井眼和流动的油重力 通过支撑的裂缝排出到井筒的底部并泵送到地面。 燃烧前沿主要是水平的，由于由高度可渗透的支撑裂缝提供的烟气排放控制，提供良好的垂直和横向扫掠。

公开(公告)号：US20070199701A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11379123

申请日：2006-04-18

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/247 ,  E21B43/40

CPC分类号： E21B43/247

摘要： The present invention is a method and apparatus for the enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by in situ combustion of the hydrocarbon deposit, from injection of an oxygen rich gas and drawing off a flue gas to control the rate and propagation of the combustion front to be predominantly horizontal and propagating vertically downwards guided by the vertical highly permeable hydraulic fractures. Multiple propped vertical hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a highly permeable proppant containing hydrodesulfurization and thermal cracking catalysts. The oxygen rich gas is injected via the well bore into the top of the propped fractures, the in situ hydrocarbons are ignited by a downhole burner, and the generated flue gas extracted from the bottom of the propped fractures through the well bore and mobile oil gravity drains through the propped fractures to the bottom of the well bore and pumped to the surface. The combustion front is predominantly horizontal, providing good vertical and lateral sweep, due to the flue gas exhaust control provided by the highly permeable propped fractures.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种方法和装置，用于通过烃沉积物的原位燃烧，从注入富氧气体和抽出烟道气来控制燃烧前沿的速率和传播，从地下增强石油流体的回收 主要是水平的并垂直向下传播，由垂直的高渗透水力裂缝引导。 多孔支撑竖向水力裂缝由井眼构建成油砂层，并填充含有加氢脱硫和热裂解催化剂的高渗透性支撑剂。 富氧气体通过井眼注入到支撑的裂缝的顶部，原位烃被井下燃烧器点燃，并且所产生的烟道气从支撑的裂缝的底部通过井眼和流动的油重力 通过支撑的裂缝排出到井筒的底部并泵送到地面。 燃烧前沿主要是水平的，由于由高度可渗透的支撑裂缝提供的烟气排放控制，提供良好的垂直和横向扫掠。

公开(公告)号：US20070199698A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11626112

申请日：2007-01-23

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B47/00 ,  E21B43/24 ,  E21B43/267

CPC分类号： E21B43/2405 ,  E21B43/261

摘要： The present invention involves a method and apparatus for enhanced recovery of petroleum fluids from the subsurface by injection of a steam and hydrocarbon vaporized solvent in contact with the oil sand formation and the heavy oil and bitumen in situ. Multiple propped hydraulic fractures are constructed from the well bore into the oil sand formation and filled with a highly permeable proppant. Steam, a hydrocarbon solvent, and a non-condensing diluent gas are injected into the well bore and the propped fractures. The injected gas flows upwards and outwards in the propped fractures contacting the oil sands and in situ bitumen on the vertical faces of the propped fractures. The steam condenses on the cool bitumen and thus heats the bitumen by conduction, while the hydrocarbon solvent vapors diffuse into the bitumen from the vertical faces of the propped fractures. The bitumen softens and flows by gravity to the well bore, exposing fresh surface of bitumen for the process to progressively soften and mobilize the bitumen in a predominantly circumferential, i.e. orthogonal to the propped fracture, diffusion direction at a nearly uniform rate into the oil sand deposit. The produced product of oil and dissolved solvent is pumped to the surface where the solvent can be recycled for further injection.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于通过注入与油砂地层和原油和沥青原位接触的蒸汽和烃蒸发溶剂来增强从地下回收石油流体的方法和装置。 多支撑水力裂缝由井眼构造成油砂层，并填充有高度可渗透的支撑剂。 蒸汽，烃溶剂和非冷凝稀释气体注入井眼和支撑的裂缝中。 注入的气体在支撑的裂缝中向上和向外流动，这些裂缝与支撑的裂缝的垂直面上的油砂和原位沥青接触。 蒸汽冷凝在凉爽的沥青上，从而通过传导加热沥青，而烃类溶剂蒸汽从支撑的裂缝的垂直面扩散到沥青中。 沥青软化并通过重力流入井眼，使沥青的新鲜表面暴露于该过程中，以逐渐软化和将沥青主要沿周向（即，与支撑的裂缝垂直的扩散方向）以几乎均匀的速率移动到油砂中 存款。 将产生的油和溶剂的产物泵送到溶剂可再循环以进一步注入的表面。

公开(公告)号：US20070199695A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-30

申请号：US11277308

申请日：2006-03-23

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B47/00 ,  E21B49/00 ,  E21B43/04 ,  E21B43/267

CPC分类号： E21B43/267 ,  E21B43/26

摘要： A method and apparatus for initiating and propagating a vertical hydraulic fracture in unconsolidated and weakly cemented sediments from a single bore hole to control the fracture initiation plane and propagation of the hydraulic fracture, enabling greater yield and recovery of petroleum fluids from the formation. An injection casing with multiple fracture initiation sections is inserted and grouted into a bore hole. A fracture fluid carrying a proppant is injected into the injection casing and opens the fracture initiation sections to dilate the formation in a direction orthogonal to the required fracture azimuth plane. Propagation of the fracture is controlled by limiting the fracture fluid injection rate during fracture initiation and propagation and maintaining a minimum fracture fluid viscosity. The injection casing initiation section remains open after fracturing providing direct hydraulic connection between the production well bore, the permeable proppant filled fracture and the formation.

公开(公告)号：US06991037B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-31

申请号：US10749131

申请日：2003-12-30

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： E21B43/26

CPC分类号： E21B43/26

摘要： A method and apparatus for initiating multiple azimuth controlled vertical hydraulic fractures in unconsolidated and weakly cemented sediments from a single bore hole to control the fracture initiation and propagation of hydraulic fractures at differing azimuths, enabling greater yield and recovery of petroleum fluids from the formation. An injection casing with multiple fracture initiation sections is inserted and grouted into a bore hole. A fracture fluid carrying a proppant is injected into the injection casing and opens fracture initiation sections to dilate the formation in a direction orthogonal to the first fracture azimuth plane. Following completion of the first fracture injection, the fracture fluid is injected into the injection casing and opens a set of second and subsequent fracture initiation sections dilating the formation and initiating and propagating a second and subsequent vertical hydraulic fractures at different azimuths to the first and subsequent earlier installed fractures.

摘要翻译： 一种用于从单个钻孔引起的未固结和弱粘结沉积物中的多个方位角控制垂直水力压裂的方法和装置，以控制在不同方位角处的水力裂缝的断裂开始和扩展，从而能够从地层获得更大的产量和回收石油流体。 将具有多个断裂起始部分的注射套管插入并灌注到钻孔中。 承载支撑剂的断裂流体被注入到注射套管中并且打开断裂起始部分以在与第一断裂方位平面垂直的方向上扩张地层。 在第一次断裂注入完成之后，将断裂流体注入到注射套管中，并且打开一组第二次和随后的断裂起始部分，以扩大形成，并将第二个和随后的垂直水平裂缝以不同的方位向第一个和随后的 早期安装骨折。

公开(公告)号：US06615653B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-09

申请号：US09965317

申请日：2001-09-27

申请人： Grant Hocking

发明人： Grant Hocking

IPC分类号： F02D308

CPC分类号： E02D1/027 ,  G01N33/24 ,  G01V3/265 ,  Y02A90/342

摘要： A method for determining the liquefaction tendency of a water saturated soil is provided in which a driven or self boring probe with a plurality of expanding and contracting bladders imposes a cyclic shear stress reversal on a body of soil in situ, and from the measurement of pore water pressure, the liquefaction potential of the soil can be quantified. A pore water pressure increase during cyclic shear stress reversals indicates a contractive soil which has the potential to liquefy. The method can also quantify the potential of electro-osmosis in preventing soil liquefaction, by energizing a group of at least three electrodes by a d-c power source during the potential onset of liquefaction, and measure the reduction in pore water pressure during subsequent repeated shear stress reversals imposed on the soil by the device.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于确定水饱和土壤液化趋势的方法，其中具有多个膨胀和收缩气囊的驱动或自钻探针在原位的土体上施加循环剪切应力反转，并且从孔的测量 水压，可以量化土壤的液化潜力。 循环剪切应力反转期间的孔隙水压力增加表明有可能液化的收缩土壤。 该方法还可以通过在潜在的液化开始期间通过直流电源激励一组至少三个电极，并且在随后的重复剪切应力期间测量孔隙水压力的降低来量化电渗法防止土壤液化的潜力 设备对土壤施加的反转。

公开(公告)号：US06216783B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09193784

申请日：1998-11-17

申请人： Grant Hocking ,  Samuel L. Wells

发明人： Grant Hocking ,  Samuel L. Wells

IPC分类号： E21B4326

CPC分类号： E21B47/121 ,  C09K8/80 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B43/267

摘要： A method and apparatus for initiating an azimuth controlled vertical hydraulic fracture in unconsolidated and weakly cemented soils and sediments using active resistivity to monitor and control the fracture initiation and propagation. Separate or overlapping treatment walls and containment barriers can be created by controlling and monitoring the propagation of fractures in the subsurface. A fracture fluid is injected into a well bore to initiate and propagate a vertical azimuth controlled fracture. The fracture fluid is energized to conduct electrical current while the fracture propagates through the ground. A series of electrical resistivity monitors measure the electrical conductivity of the fracture fluid in real time against the background conductivity of the formation. Using a series of incremental influence functions, the azimuth of the vertical fracture can be controlled by regulating the injection of fracture fluid based upon the induced voltage of the earth and the conductivity of the fluid in the fracture.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置，用于在未固结和弱粘结的土壤和沉积物中启动方位控制的垂直水力压裂，使用有源电阻率来监测和控制裂缝的起始和扩展。 可以通过控制和监测地下裂缝的传播来创建单独或重叠的治理墙和围墙。 将断裂流体注入到井眼中以启动和传播垂直方位角控制的裂缝。 当断裂通过地面传播时，断裂流体被通电以传导电流。 一系列电阻率监测器根据地层的背景电导率实时测量断裂流体的电导率。 使用一系列增量影响函数，可以通过基于地球的感应电压和断裂中的流体的电导率调节断裂流体的注入来控制垂直断裂的方位角。