公开(公告)号：US4268660A

公开(公告)日：1981-05-19

申请号：US129401

申请日：1980-03-10

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24

CPC分类号： C08G69/24

摘要： A novel method of utilizing quaternary ammonium compounds to accelerate the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone is disclosed. The method consists of dehydrating the hygroscopic quaternary ammonium compound by adding it to 2-pyrrolidone and distilling over, under vacuum, a portion of the pyrrolidone whereby the water is removed and then adding the residue to a conventional anhydrous polymerization mixture composed of an alkali metal salt of 2-pyrrolidone dissolved in 2-pyrrolidone and effecting polymerization by adding a polymerization initiator and heating the mixture to a temperature ranging from about room temperature to about 60.degree. C.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种利用季铵化合物加速2-吡咯烷酮聚合的新方法。 该方法包括将吸湿性季铵化合物加入到2-吡咯烷酮中并在真空下蒸馏掉一部分吡咯烷酮，除去水，然后将残余物加入常规的由碱金属组成的无水聚合混合物 溶解在2-吡咯烷酮中的2-吡咯烷酮盐，通过加入聚合引发剂进行聚合，并将混合物加热至约室温至约60℃。

公开(公告)号：US4217442A

公开(公告)日：1980-08-12

申请号：US39773

申请日：1979-05-17

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24

CPC分类号： C08G69/24

摘要： There is disclosed the use of certain quaternary ammonium sulfates and bisulfates as polymerization accelerators in the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone employing alkali metal pyrrolidonates as primary catalysts together with CO.sub.2, SO.sub.2 or MoO.sub.3 as activators. Methods for recycling both the unchanged monomer and the accelerator are disclosed.The structural formula for the operable quaternary ammonium salts is: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are alkyl, aryl and aralkyl radicals, including mixtures thereof, and n is 1 or 2 depending on the valence of X, and X is a bisulfate or sulfate.In addition to accelerating the rate of polymerization these substances also act as color suppressors when SO.sub.2 is used as the activator. For this purpose X in the above formula may also be a halide. Less than 0.01 mol per mol of alkali metal pyrrolidonate is needed in this use.Cesium or rubidium pyrrolidonates are also disclosed as color suppressors when using SO.sub.2 as the activator.A method of forming anhydrous solutions of quaternary ammonium salts in 2-pyrrolidone is also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了使用碱金属吡咯烷酮作为主要催化剂和CO 2，SO 2或MoO 3作为活化剂的2-吡咯烷酮聚合中某些季铵硫酸盐和硫酸氢盐作为聚合促进剂的用途。 公开了回收未改变的单体和促进剂的方法。 可操作的季铵盐的结构式为：其中R 1，R 2，R 3和R 4为烷基，芳基和芳烷基，包括其混合物，n为1或2，这取决于X的化合价，X为 硫酸氢盐或硫酸盐。 除了加速聚合速率外，当使用SO 2作为活化剂时，这些物质也起着色抑制剂的作用。 为此，上式中的X也可以是卤素。 在该用途中需要少于0.01mol / mol碱金属吡咯烷酸盐。 当使用SO 2作为活化剂时，也公开了铯或铷吡咯烷酸盐作为抑制剂。 还公开了在2-吡咯烷酮中形成季铵盐的无水溶液的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4247684A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-27

申请号：US84815

申请日：1979-10-15

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24

CPC分类号： C08G69/24

摘要： There is disclosed a method of forming pure white polymers of 2-pyrrolidone when using SO.sub.2 as the activator. The method involves the use of the rubidium or cesium salt of 2-pyrrolidone as the alkaline catalyst in place of the sodium or potassium salt customarily used and which cause the formation of yellow polymer.

摘要翻译： 公开了当使用SO 2作为活化剂时形成2-吡咯烷酮纯白色聚合物的方法。 该方法包括使用2-吡咯烷酮的铷或铯盐作为碱性催化剂代替常规使用的钠盐或钾盐，并引起黄色聚合物的形成。

公开(公告)号：US4247683A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-27

申请号：US084814

申请日：1979-10-15

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24 ,  C08G69/28

CPC分类号： C08G69/24 ,  C08G69/28

摘要： A method of recovering and recycling quaternary ammonium accelerators for the polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone is disclosed. The method consists of removing the quaternary ammonium compound together with unpolymerized 2-pyrrolidone by washing the polymer with a solvent for both, such as water or methanol, neutralizing the solution immediately after washing and then removing the solvent at a sufficiently low temperature so that the quaternary ammonium compound is not decomposed.

摘要翻译： 公开了回收和回收用于2-吡咯烷酮聚合的季铵促进剂的方法。 该方法包括用未聚合的2-吡咯烷酮除去季铵化合物，用溶剂如水或甲醇洗涤聚合物，洗涤后立即中和溶液，然后在足够低的温度下除去溶剂，使得 季铵化合物不分解。

公开(公告)号：US4105645A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-08

申请号：US718410

申请日：1976-08-30

申请人： Arthur C. Barnes ,  Carl E. Barnes

发明人： Arthur C. Barnes ,  Carl E. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24

CPC分类号： C08G69/24

摘要： A method of forming white polymers of controlled molecular weight when polymerizing 2-pyrrolidone using an alkaline catalyst and sulfur dioxide as the chain initiator is disclosed. The temperature at which the polymerization is carried out is critical and is carefully controlled. The SO.sub.2 which must also be controlled within limits is diluted with an inert gas to diminish its activity and make it easier to measure the small amounts involved. The viscosity and thermal stability of the polymers formed are as good as or better than those formed when CO.sub.2 is used as the initiator.

公开(公告)号：US4281105A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-28

申请号：US155561

申请日：1980-06-02

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24

CPC分类号： C08G69/24

摘要： A process for polymerizing 2-pyrrolidone to form a particulate material suitable for melt extrusion processes is disclosed. The process involves agitating to form particles at a critical point during the polymerization in which a friable gel exists. The gel is formed as a result of the addition of polymerization accelerators to the polymerization mixture but as the accelerated polymerization proceeds the gel soon hardens to a tough cake which can no longer be broken up by agitation. If the polymerizing mixture is agitated before the formation of the gel only very fine particles are formed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种聚合2-吡咯烷酮以形成适于熔融挤出方法的颗粒材料的方法。 该方法包括在聚合过程中在易碎凝胶存在的临界点搅拌形成颗粒。 凝胶由于向聚合混合物中加入聚合促进剂而形成，但随着凝胶加速聚合的进行，凝胶很快硬化成难以通过搅拌而破碎的坚果。 如果在形成凝胶之前搅拌聚合混合物，则只形成非常细小的颗粒。

公开(公告)号：US5128125A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-07

申请号：US596570

申请日：1990-10-11

申请人： Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： A01N59/12 ,  A61K33/18 ,  A61K47/48

CPC分类号： A61K33/18 ,  A01N59/12 ,  A61K47/48176 ,  A61K47/489

摘要： Finely divided nylon-4 particles are prepared from a solution of polypyrrolidone in 2-pyrrolidone by precipitation in water. The washed particles are contacted with iodine to provide a water insoluble complex for use in biocidal pharmaceutical compositions which slowly release elemental iodine over time.

摘要翻译： 细分尼龙-4颗粒由聚吡咯烷酮在2-吡咯烷酮中的溶液通过在水中沉淀制备。 将洗涤的颗粒与碘接触以提供用于生物杀伤性药物组合物的水不溶性络合物，其随时间缓慢释放元素碘。

公开(公告)号：US4888118A

公开(公告)日：1989-12-19

申请号：US183006

申请日：1988-04-18

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C02F1/76

CPC分类号： C02F1/766 ,  C02F2303/185

摘要： A process and apparatus employing nylon 4 for the purification of water comprising the steps of contacting the water with iodine in a first treatment zone; nylon 4 complexed with iodine rather than elemental iodine is preferably used and is contacted by the water in the first treatment zone where it releases iodine at levels sufficient to purify the water. The treated and purified water is then contacted with nylon 4 in a second treatment zone where the iodine is removed from the water. The apparatus comprises a conduit having an inlet and an outlet, with a first treatment zone containing nylon 4 material complexed with iodine and a second downstream treatment zone containing nylon 4. The nylon 4 material used in both treatment zones can be in any form, preferably a form having a high surface area. A suitably restrained moistened fine powder may be used as may be textured or untextured, drawn or undrawn, staple fiber, knitted or non-woven fabrics or pulp (fibrils).

公开(公告)号：US4269665A

公开(公告)日：1981-05-26

申请号：US84813

申请日：1979-10-15

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24 ,  B01D3/36

CPC分类号： C08G69/24

摘要： A method of drying quaternary ammonium compounds for use as additives in the anhydrous anionic polymerization of 2-pyrrolidone is disclosed.The method consists of dissolving or suspending the quaternary ammonium compound in 2-pyrrolidone and distilling over, under reduced pressure, a portion of the 2-pyrrolidone whereby the water is removed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种在2-吡咯烷酮的无水阴离子聚合中干燥用作添加剂的季铵化合物的方法。 该方法包括将季铵化合物溶解或悬浮在2-吡咯烷酮中并在减压下蒸馏出一部分2-吡咯烷酮，由此除去水。

公开(公告)号：US4247685A

公开(公告)日：1981-01-27

申请号：US114229

申请日：1980-01-21

申请人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

发明人： Carl E. Barnes ,  Arthur C. Barnes

IPC分类号： C08G69/24 ,  C08G69/20 ,  C08G69/46

CPC分类号： C08G69/24

摘要： A process for forming polymers of 2-pyrrolidone in pellet form via bulk polymerization is disclosed. Polymerization accelerators are empolyed to markedly shorten the polymerization time thus making possible a compact continuous polymerization apparatus which produces pellets of high polymer content requiring no further polymerization. The pellets are formed by forcing the polymerizing mixture through small tubes to form rods of polymer which are then cut into short lengths.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过本体聚合形成颗粒形式的2-吡咯烷酮聚合物的方法。 聚合促进剂被赋予显着缩短聚合时间，从而使得紧凑的连续聚合装置成为可能产生不需要进一步聚合的高聚合物含量的颗粒的可能。 通过将聚合混合物强制通过小管形成聚合物棒而形成颗粒，然后将其切成短长度。