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公开(公告)号：US06562255B1
公开(公告)日：2003-05-13
申请号：US09812331
申请日：2001-03-19
申请人： Christopher Feger
发明人： Christopher Feger
IPC分类号： H01G9035
CPC分类号： H01G9/022 , A61N1/3968
摘要： The present invention is directed to a conductive electrolyte for use in high voltage electrolytic capacitors and to an electrolytic capacitor impregnated with the electrolyte of the present invention for use in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The electrolyte according to the present invention is composed of a two solvent mixture of ethylene glycol and di(ethylene glycol); a combination of boric acid with an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of carbon chain length from eight to thirteen, such as suberic, azelaic, sebacic, undecanedioic, dodecanedioic, or brassylic acid; a very long chain dicarboxylic acid, where the acid moieties are separated by 34 carbons; and a nitro-substituted aromatic compound as a degassing agent, such as 3-nitroacetophenone or 2-nitroanisole. This electrolyte is then titrated with a light amine such as ammonia, diethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, or triethylamine. The electrolyte according to the present invention, when impregnated in an electrolytic capacitor, provides an acceptable breakdown voltage while having a reasonable bulk conductivity. This electrolyte, when impregnated within a capacitor constructed of appropriate foils and paper spacers, should provide a part with a working voltage of at least 500 volts, while having a bulk conductivity of approximately 3 mS/cm.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于高压电解电容器的导电电解质和浸渍有本发明的电解质的电解电容器，用于可植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）。 根据本发明的电解质由乙二醇和二（乙二醇）的两种溶剂混合物组成; 硼酸与碳链长度为8至13的脂族二羧酸的混合物，例如辛二酸，壬二酸，癸二酸，十一烷二酸，十二烷二酸或十八烷酸; 一个非常长的链二羧酸，其中酸部分被34个碳分隔开; 和硝基取代的芳族化合物作为脱气剂，如3-硝基苯乙酮或2-硝基苯甲醚。 然后用轻胺如氨，二乙胺，二甲胺，三甲胺或三乙胺滴定该电解质。 当浸渍在电解电容器中时，根据本发明的电解质提供可接受的击穿电压，同时具有合理的体积电导率。 当电解质浸渍在由适当箔和纸间隔物构成的电容器中时，该电解质应当提供具有至少500伏的工作电压的部分，同时体积电导率为约3mS / cm。
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公开(公告)号：US06743370B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US10155526
申请日：2002-05-23
IPC分类号： H01G9035
CPC分类号： H01G9/145 , A61N1/3956 , H01G9/035
摘要： The present invention is directed to a conductive electrolyte for use in high voltage electrolytic capacitors and to an electrolytic capacitor impregnated with the electrolyte of the present invention for use in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The electrolyte according to the present invention is composed of a two solvent mixture of ethylene glycol and a polar organic cosolvent from the group of 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol, hexyl alcohol, or di(ethylene glycol). Dissolved in this mixture is a combination of boric acid with either an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of carbon chain length from eight to thirteen (C8 to C13) or a very long chain dicarboxylic acid, where the acid functional groups are separated by 34 carbons (referred to as “dimer acid”). The solution is then neutralized with an amine. A cathode depolarizer, or degassing agent, from the group of nitro-substituted aromatic compounds (nitroaromatics) can be added to reduce the amount of gas produced during capacitor life. Hypophosphorous acid and/or a colloidal suspension of silica in ethylene glycol may be added to enhance the life characteristics of the electrolyte, resulting in lower leakage currents and better voltage droop characteristics. The water content may be adjusted with deionized water to achieve a Karl Fischer titration (water content) measurement of 1.0-8.0% to achieve proper age characteristics.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于高压电解电容器的导电电解质和浸渍有本发明的电解质的电解电容器，用于可植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）。 根据本发明的电解质由乙二醇和2-甲氧基乙醇，2-乙氧基乙醇，2-丁氧基乙醇，己醇或二（乙二醇）组的极性有机助溶剂的两种溶剂混合物组成。 溶解在该混合物中的是硼酸与碳链长度为8至13（C8-C13）的脂族二羧酸或非常长链二羧酸的组合，其中酸官能团被34个碳分开（称为 作为“二聚酸”）。 然后用胺中和溶液。 可以加入来自硝基取代的芳族化合物（硝基芳族化合物）的阴极去极化剂或脱气剂，以减少电容器寿命期间产生的气体量。 可以加入次膦酸和/或二氧化硅在乙二醇中的胶态悬浮液以增强电解质的寿命特性，导致较低的漏电流和更好的电压下降特性。 可以用去离子水调节含水量，以达到1.0-8.0％的卡尔费休滴定（含水量），以达到适当的年龄特征。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06589441B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-08
申请号：US09812328
申请日：2001-03-19
申请人： Christopher Feger
发明人： Christopher Feger
IPC分类号： H01G9035
CPC分类号： H01G9/022 , A61N1/3956 , A61N1/3975
摘要： The present invention is directed to a high voltage, highly conductive electrolyte for use in electrolytic capacitors and to an electrolytic capacitor impregnated with the electrolyte of the present invention for use in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The electrolyte according to the present invention is composed of a two solvent mixture of ethylene glycol and N-methylformamide; a combination of hypophosphorous acid, boric acid and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of carbon chain length from eight to twelve, such as azelaic, sebacic, or brassylic acid; an amine including ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, diethylamine, dimethylamine, triethylamine, or triethanolamine; and a nitro-substituted aromatic compound as a degassing agent, such as 3′-nitroacetophenone. Anhydrous ammonia may also be added to neutralize the solution. In an alternative embodiment of the electrolyte of the present invention, the ethylene glycol/NMF two solvent mixture can be substituted with 1,2-propanediol, using &ggr;-butyrolactone as a cosolvent with or without NMF. The electrolyte of the present invention will allow the construction of multi-anode capacitors with low equivalent series resistance (ESR), which will have superior energy density and delivery, while being thinner due to fewer spacer and cathode layers with the same number of anodes. This resultant capacitor, when incorporated into an ICD, will reduce the size and thickness of the overall device.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于电解电容器的高电压，高导电性电解质和浸渍有本发明的用于植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）的电解质的电解电容器。 根据本发明的电解质由乙二醇和N-甲基甲酰胺的两种溶剂混合物组成; 碳链长8〜12的次磷酸，硼酸和脂肪族二羧酸的组合，如壬二酸，癸二酸，或芸苔酸; 包括氨，氢氧化铵，二乙胺，二甲胺，三乙胺或三乙醇胺的胺; 和硝基取代的芳族化合物作为脱气剂，如3'-硝基苯乙酮。 还可以加入无水氨以中和溶液。 在本发明的电解质的替代实施方案中，乙二醇/ NMF两种溶剂混合物可以用1,2-丙二醇代替，使用γ-丁内酯作为助溶剂，其具有或不具有NMF。 本发明的电解质将允许构建具有低等效串联电阻（ESR）的多阳极电容器，其具有优异的能量密度和输送，同时由于具有相同数量阳极的间隔物和阴极层较少而更薄。 所得到的电容器当被结合到ICD中时，将减小整个装置的尺寸和厚度。
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公开(公告)号：US06522524B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US10172603
申请日：2002-06-13
IPC分类号： H01G902
摘要： The present invention is directed to a gelled electrolyte and to an electrolytic capacitor impregnated with the gelled electrolyte of the present invention for use in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The electrolyte gel according to the present invention is generated by the addition of a gelling agent, preferably D-mannitol, to a conventional electrolyte. The gelling agent of the present invention can be used in ethylene glycol based electrolyte systems with or without a polar organic cosolvent. Dissolved in this mixture is an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of carbon chain length from eight to thirteen (C8 to C13) as the ionogen. In order to achieve the necessary electrolyte conductivity, an amine is added to adjust the electrolyte pH to within a range of 6-10. An amount of D-mannitol is added to the electrolyte to reach the final weight percent of 8-15% by weight of the total electrolyte mixture.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及凝胶电解质和浸渍有本发明的凝胶电解质的电解电容器，用于可植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）。 根据本发明的电解质凝胶是通过向常规电解质中加入胶凝剂，优选D-甘露糖醇而产生的。 本发明的胶凝剂可用于具有或不具有极性有机共溶剂的乙二醇基电解质体系中。 溶解在该混合物中的是碳链长度为8至13（C8-C13）的脂族二羧酸作为离子源。 为了获得必需的电解质导电性，加入胺以将电解质pH调节至6-10的范围内。 将一定量的D-甘露醇加入到电解质中以达到总电解质混合物的8-15重量％的最终重量百分比。
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公开(公告)号：US06744619B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US10319253
申请日：2002-12-12
申请人： Christopher Feger
发明人： Christopher Feger
IPC分类号： H01G942
CPC分类号： H01G9/035 , H01G9/145 , Y10T29/417
摘要： The present invention is directed to a conductive electrolyte for use in high voltage electrolytic capacitors and to an electrolytic capacitor impregnated with the electrolyte of the present invention for use in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The electrolyte according to the present invention is composed of a two solvent mixture of ethylene glycol and a polar organic cosolvent. Dissolved in this mixture is a combination of: a high dielectric cosolvent, a long chain monocarboxylic acid and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of carbon chain length from eight to thirteen (C8 to C13). The solution is then neutralized with an amine. A cathode depolarizer, or degassing agent may be added to reduce the amount of gas produced during capacitor life. Hypophosphorous acid may be added to enhance the life characteristics of the electrolyte. The water content may be adjusted with deionized water to achieve a Karl Fischer titration (water content) measurement of about 1.0% to about 8.0% to achieve proper age characteristics.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于高压电解电容器的导电电解质和浸渍有本发明的电解质的电解电容器，用于可植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）。 根据本发明的电解质由乙二醇和极性有机助溶剂的两种溶剂混合物组成。 溶解在该混合物中的是高介电共溶剂，长链单羧酸和碳链长度为8至13（C8至C13）的脂族二羧酸的组合。 然后用胺中和溶液。 可以加入阴极去极化器或脱气剂以减少在电容器寿命期间产生的气体的量。 可以加入次磷酸以提高电解质的寿命特性。 可以用去离子水调节含水量，以实现约1.0％至约8.0％的卡尔费休滴定（含水量）测量以达到适当的年龄特征。
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公开(公告)号：US07268996B1
公开(公告)日：2007-09-11
申请号：US10340051
申请日：2003-01-10
IPC分类号： H01G9/00
CPC分类号： H01G9/035
摘要： The present invention is directed to an electrolyte for use in very high voltage electrolytic capacitors and to an electrolytic capacitor impregnated with the electrolyte of the present invention for use in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The electrolyte according to the present invention is composed of a mixture of an alkoxy-substituted alcohol, such as 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, or 2-butoxyethanol, and a long chain dicarboxylic acid, where the acid functional groups are separated by 34 carbons (referred to as “dimer acid”) or 54 carbons (referred to as “trimer acid”). The solution is then neutralized with ammonium hydroxide or other amine, such as ammonia, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diisopropylethylamine and N-methylimidazole. Additional cosolvents, such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, di(ethylene glycol), tri(ethylene glycol), tetra(ethylene glycol), propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol, and di(ethylene glycol) butyl ether, may be added. Also, a cathode depolarizer, or degassing agent, from the group of nitro-substituted aromatic compounds (nitroaromatics) can be added to reduce the amount of gas produced during capacitor life.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于非常高压的电解电容器中的电解质和浸渍有本发明的用于植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）的电解质的电解电容器。 根据本发明的电解质由2-甲氧基乙醇，2-乙氧基乙醇或2-丁氧基乙醇等烷氧基取代醇与长链二羧酸的混合物组成，其中酸官能团分开34 碳（称为“二聚酸”）或54碳（称为“三聚酸”）。 然后将溶液用氢氧化铵或其它胺如氨，二甲胺，三甲胺，二乙胺，三乙胺，乙醇胺，二乙醇胺，三乙醇胺，二异丙基乙胺和N-甲基咪唑中和。 另外的共溶剂如乙二醇，1,2-丙二醇，1,3-丁二醇，1,4-丁二醇，二（乙二醇），三（乙二醇），四（乙二醇），丙醇，异丙醇， 正丁醇和二（乙二醇）丁基醚。 此外，可以加入来自硝基取代的芳族化合物（硝基芳族化合物）的阴极去极化剂或脱气剂，以减少在电容器寿命期间产生的气体的量。
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公开(公告)号：US06587329B1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-01
申请号：US10154569
申请日：2002-05-23
申请人： Christopher Feger
发明人： Christopher Feger
IPC分类号： H01M604
CPC分类号： H01G9/022 , A61N1/3956 , H01M2300/0025
摘要： The present invention is directed to a conductive electrolyte for use in high voltage electrolytic capacitors and to an electrolytic capacitor impregnated with the electrolyte of the present invention for use in an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). The electrolyte according to the present invention is composed of a two solvent mixture of ethylene glycol and an alkoxy-substituted alcohol, such as 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, or 2-butoxyethanol. Dissolved in this mixture is a combination of acids including at least one straight chain aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of carbon chain length from eight to thirteen (C8 to C13) and a longer chain dicarboxylic acid, where the acid functional groups are separated by 34 carbons (referred to as “dimer acid”). As further additives, boric acid and hypophosphorous acid can be added, with the former providing corrosion inhibition in the finished capacitor, and the latter resulting in lower leakage currents and better voltage droop characteristics. Also, a cathode depolarizer, or degassing agent, from the group of nitro-substituted aromatic compounds (nitroaromatics) can be added to reduce the amount of gas produced during capacitor life. The solution is neutralized with an amine.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于高压电解电容器的导电电解质和浸渍有本发明的电解质的电解电容器，用于可植入式心律转复除颤器（ICD）。 根据本发明的电解质由乙二醇和烷氧基取代醇如2-甲氧基乙醇，2-乙氧基乙醇或2-丁氧基乙醇的两种溶剂混合物组成。 溶解在该混合物中的是包含至少一个碳链长度为8至13（C8-C13）的直链脂族二羧酸和长链二羧酸的酸的组合，其中酸官能团被34个碳分开 作为“二聚酸”）。 作为另外的添加剂，可以加入硼酸和次磷酸，前者在成品电容器中提供腐蚀抑制，后者导致较低的漏电流和更好的电压下降特性。 此外，可以加入来自硝基取代的芳族化合物（硝基芳族化合物）的阴极去极化剂或脱气剂，以减少在电容器寿命期间产生的气体的量。 溶液用胺中和。
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公开(公告)号：US06552255B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-22
申请号：US09390127
申请日：1999-09-03
IPC分类号： H01L3528
CPC分类号： H01L35/16
摘要： The thermoelectric properties (resistivity, thermopower and thermal conductivity) of single crystals of the low-dimensional pentatelluride materials are disclosed. The pentatellurides are well suited for use in thermoelectric devices. In general, the pentatellurides include hafnium pentatelluride and zirconium pentatelluride, which can both be substituted with selective amounts of various metals, including titanium, selenium, and antimony.
摘要翻译： 公开了低维度五碲化物材料的单晶的热电特性（电阻率，热电导率和导热系数）。 五卤化物非常适合用于热电装置。 通常，五元环化物包括五碲化铪和五碲化锆，它们都可以被选择量的各种金属（包括钛，硒和锑）取代。
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