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1.发明授权Method of and apparatus for in-situ measurement of soot by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry 有权通过电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法原位测量烟灰的方法和设备公开(公告)号：US09546970B2
公开(公告)日：2017-01-17
申请号：US13532684
申请日：2012-06-25
摘要： An instrument and method using electron spin resonance spectrometry for measuring the concentration of airborne soot particles, and the like, that includes continuously passing a sample of exhaust gas through a resonating RF microwave cavity resonator during the application therethrough of a uniform slowly varying uniform magnetic field that is rapidly modulated and measuring the resulting phase modulation or amplitude modulation thereof to derive an electron spin resonance signal that directly senses the concentration of carbon free radicals produced as a result of inefficient combustion of hydrocarbons during operation of the vehicle or boiler. A further invention is the use of this signal for feedback control of the engine or boiler operating parameters to minimize or substantially eliminate particulate matter emissions.
摘要翻译： 使用电子自旋共振光谱法测量气载烟灰颗粒的浓度的仪器和方法等，其包括在通过其中通过谐振RF微波空腔共振器连续通过排气样品的均匀缓慢变化的均匀磁场 其被快速调制并测量所得到的相位调制或幅度调制，以导出电子自旋共振信号，其直接感测由于在车辆或锅炉的操作期间烃的低效燃烧而产生的碳自由基的浓度。 另一个发明是使用该信号来对发动机或锅炉操作参数进行反馈控制，以最小化或基本上消除颗粒物质的排放。
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2.发明申请METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR IN-SITU MEASUREMENT OF DEGRADATION OF AUTOMOTIVE FLUIDS AND THE LIKE BY MICRO-ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE (ESR) SPECTROMETRY 有权用于汽车液体降解的现场测量方法和装置，以及微电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法公开(公告)号：US20120133364A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-31
申请号：US13366925
申请日：2012-02-06
IPC分类号： G01R33/60
CPC分类号： G01N24/10 , G01N24/08 , G01R33/307 , G01R33/34 , G01R33/343 , G01R33/345 , G01R33/60 , H01P7/06
摘要： A method of and miniaturized apparatus adapted for in-situ measurement of degradation of automotive fluids and the like by micro-electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, wherein the use of a modulated constant magnetic field in an RF resonating variable frequency microwave cavity resonator through which a fluid sample is passed, enables direct detection of molecular changes in such fluid sample resulting from fluid degradation during use.
摘要翻译： 一种适用于通过微电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法原位测量汽车流体等的劣化的方法和小型化装置，其中在RF谐振可变频率微波谐振腔谐振器中使用调制恒定磁场 流体样品通过，可以直接检测在使用过程中流体降解导致的此类流体样品中的分子变化。
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3.发明申请METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR ANALYSIS OF THE COMPOSITION OF A SAMPLE BY ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE (ESR) SPECTROMETRY EMPLOYING CARRIER SUPPRESSION 失效用于通过电子自旋共振（ESR）分析样品的组成的方法和装置使用载体抑制公开(公告)号：US20110025328A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12906822
申请日：2010-10-18
IPC分类号： G01R33/00
CPC分类号： F01N11/00 , G01N24/08 , G01N24/10 , G01R33/345 , G01R33/60
摘要： Described is an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer comprising a miniaturized radio-frequency (RF) microwave cavity resonator. The miniaturized RF microwave cavity resonator receives a carrier signal from a circulator, modulates the signal path signal, and reflects the carrier signal back to the circulator to amplify the carrier signal prior to demodulation. A mixer receives and demodulates the carrier signal and outputs an audio signal to generate an ESR spectrum for analyzing a chemical composition of a fluid sample. The ESR spectrum represents a magnetic susceptibility of the fluid sample to a magnetic resonance cause variation in a resonant frequency of the miniaturized RF microwave cavity resonator. In a desired aspect, the carrier signal is split into two paths prior to demodulation. The two paths are demodulated by different mixers to produce two separate outputs, an absorption spectrum and a dispersion spectrum.
摘要翻译： 描述了包括微型射频（RF）微波腔谐振器的电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱仪。 微型RF微波谐振腔谐振器从环行器接收载波信号，调制信号路径信号，并将载波信号反馈回循环器，以在解调之前放大载波信号。 混频器接收和解调载波信号并输出音频信号以产生用于分析流体样品的化学成分的ESR频谱。 ESR光谱表示流体样品对磁共振的磁化率导致小型化RF微波腔谐振器的谐振频率的变化。 在期望的方面，载波信号在解调之前被分成两个路径。 两个路径由不同的混频器解调，以产生两个单独的输出，吸收光谱和色散谱。
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4.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090230962A1
公开(公告)日：2009-09-17
申请号：US12387766
申请日：2009-05-06
IPC分类号： G01V3/14
摘要： An instrument and method using electron spin resonance spectrometry for measuring the concentration of airborne soot particles, and the like, that includes continuously passing a sample of exhaust gas through a resonating RF microwave cavity resonator during the application therethrough of a uniform slowly varying uniform magnetic field that is rapidly modulated and measuring the resulting phase modulation or amplitude modulation thereof to derive an electron spin resonance signal that directly senses the concentration of carbon free radicals produced as a result of inefficient combustion of hydrocarbons during operation of the vehicle or boiler. A further invention is the use of this signal for feedback control of the engine or boiler operating parameters to minimize or substantially eliminate particulate matter emissions.
摘要翻译： 使用电子自旋共振光谱法测量气载烟灰颗粒的浓度的仪器和方法等，其包括在通过其中通过谐振RF微波空腔共振器连续通过排气样品的均匀缓慢变化的均匀磁场 其被快速调制并测量所得到的相位调制或幅度调制，以导出电子自旋共振信号，其直接感测由于在车辆或锅炉的操作期间烃的低效燃烧而产生的碳自由基的浓度。 另一个发明是使用该信号来对发动机或锅炉操作参数进行反馈控制，以最小化或基本上消除颗粒物质的排放。
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5.发明授权Method of and apparatus for in-situ measurement of degradation of automotive fluids and the like by micro-electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry 有权用于通过微电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法原位测量汽车流体等的降解的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08829904B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-09
申请号：US13366925
申请日：2012-02-06
IPC分类号： G01V3/00 , G01R33/343 , H01P7/06 , G01N24/10 , G01R33/345 , G01N24/08 , G01R33/30 , G01R33/34 , G01R33/60
CPC分类号： G01N24/10 , G01N24/08 , G01R33/307 , G01R33/34 , G01R33/343 , G01R33/345 , G01R33/60 , H01P7/06
摘要： A method of and miniaturized apparatus adapted for in-situ measurement of degradation of automotive fluids and the like by micro-electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, wherein the use of a modulated constant magnetic field in an RF resonating variable frequency microwave cavity resonator through which a fluid sample is passed, enables direct detection of molecular changes in such fluid sample resulting from fluid degradation during use.
摘要翻译： 一种适用于通过微电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法原位测量汽车流体等的劣化的方法和小型化装置，其中在RF谐振可变频率微波谐振腔谐振器中使用调制恒定磁场 流体样品通过，可以直接检测在使用过程中流体降解导致的这种流体样品中的分子变化。
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6.发明申请METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR IN-SITU MEASUREMENT OF SOOT BY ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE (ESR) SPECTROMETRY 有权通过电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法测量SOT的现场测量方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20120265426A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-18
申请号：US13532684
申请日：2012-06-25
摘要： An instrument and method using electron spin resonance spectrometry for measuring the concentration of airborne soot particles, and the like, that includes continuously passing a sample of exhaust gas through a resonating RF microwave cavity resonator during the application therethrough of a uniform slowly varying uniform magnetic field that is rapidly modulated and measuring the resulting phase modulation or amplitude modulation thereof to derive an electron spin resonance signal that directly senses the concentration of carbon free radicals produced as a result of inefficient combustion of hydrocarbons during operation of the vehicle or boiler. A further invention is the use of this signal for feedback control of the engine or boiler operating parameters to minimize or substantially eliminate particulate matter emissions.
摘要翻译： 使用电子自旋共振光谱法测量气载烟灰颗粒的浓度的仪器和方法等，其包括在通过其中通过谐振RF微波空腔共振器连续通过排气样品的均匀缓慢变化的均匀磁场 其被快速调制并测量所得到的相位调制或幅度调制，以导出电子自旋共振信号，其直接感测由于在车辆或锅炉的操作期间烃的低效燃烧而产生的碳自由基的浓度。 另一个发明是使用该信号来对发动机或锅炉操作参数进行反馈控制，以最小化或基本上消除颗粒物质的排放。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for in-situ measurement of soot by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry 有权通过电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法原位测量烟灰的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08212563B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US12387766
申请日：2009-05-06
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
摘要： An instrument and method using electron spin resonance spectrometry for measuring the concentration of airborne soot particles, and the like, that includes continuously passing a sample of exhaust gas through a resonating RF microwave cavity resonator during the application therethrough of a uniform slowly varying uniform magnetic field that is rapidly modulated and measuring the resulting phase modulation or amplitude modulation thereof to derive an electron spin resonance signal that directly senses the concentration of carbon free radicals produced as a result of inefficient combustion of hydrocarbons during operation of the vehicle or boiler. A further invention is the use of this signal for feedback control of the engine or boiler operating parameters to minimize or substantially eliminate particulate matter emissions.
摘要翻译： 使用电子自旋共振光谱法测量气载烟灰颗粒的浓度的仪器和方法等，其包括在通过其中通过谐振RF微波空腔共振器连续通过排气样品的均匀缓慢变化的均匀磁场 其被快速调制并测量所得到的相位调制或幅度调制，以导出电子自旋共振信号，其直接感测由于在车辆或锅炉的操作期间烃的低效燃烧而产生的碳自由基的浓度。 另一个发明是使用该信号来对发动机或锅炉操作参数进行反馈控制，以最小化或基本上消除颗粒物质的排放。
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公开(公告)号：US09287599B1
公开(公告)日：2016-03-15
申请号：US13179409
申请日：2011-07-08
CPC分类号： H01P1/2056 , H01P7/04 , H03J1/00
摘要： Described is a miniature tunable filter, comprising at least two adjacent coaxial-type resonators coupled to one another. Each coaxial-type resonator comprises a metal-coated ceramic dielectric cavity having a tuning rod passage formed therethrough. A tuning rod is inserted through the tuning rod passage, such that the miniature tunable filter is tuned by moving the tuning rod into and out of the tuning rod passage of the ceramic dielectric cavity. A low impedance coaxial section surrounds at least a portion of the tuning rod to create an effective microwave short-circuit at a resonant frequency of the miniature tunable filter, which results in very wide tuning and low insertion loss. In a desired aspect, the tuning rod is a solid metal tuning rod. The combination of a solid metal tuning rod with a ceramic coaxial-type resonator results in high radio frequency power handling.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种微型可调滤波器，其包括彼此耦合的至少两个相邻的同轴型谐振器。 每个同轴型谐振器包括具有通过其形成的调谐杆通道的金属涂覆的陶瓷介电腔。 调谐杆通过调谐杆通道插入，使得通过将调音杆移入和移出陶瓷介电腔的调谐杆通道来调节微型可调滤波器。 低阻抗同轴部分围绕调谐杆的至少一部分，以在微型可调谐滤波器的谐振频率处产生有效的微波短路，这导致非常宽的调谐和低插入损耗。 在期望的方面，调音杆是实心金属调音杆。 固体金属调音杆与陶瓷同轴型谐振器的组合导致高射频功率处理。
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9.发明授权Method of and apparatus for analysis of the composition of a sample by electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry employing carrier suppression 失效通过使用载流子抑制的电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱法分析样品组成的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08648596B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-11
申请号：US12906822
申请日：2010-10-18
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： F01N11/00 , G01N24/08 , G01N24/10 , G01R33/345 , G01R33/60
摘要： Described is an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer comprising a miniaturized radio-frequency (RF) microwave cavity resonator. The miniaturized RF microwave cavity resonator receives a carrier signal from a circulator, modulates the signal path signal, and reflects the carrier signal back to the circulator to amplify the carrier signal prior to demodulation. A mixer receives and demodulates the carrier signal and outputs an audio signal to generate an ESR spectrum for analyzing a chemical composition of a fluid sample. The ESR spectrum represents a magnetic susceptibility of the fluid sample to a magnetic resonance cause variation in a resonant frequency of the miniaturized RF microwave cavity resonator. In a desired aspect, the carrier signal is split into two paths prior to demodulation. The two paths are demodulated by different mixers to produce two separate outputs, an absorption spectrum and a dispersion spectrum.
摘要翻译： 描述了包括微型射频（RF）微波腔谐振器的电子自旋共振（ESR）光谱仪。 微型RF微波谐振腔谐振器从环行器接收载波信号，调制信号路径信号，并将载波信号反馈回循环器，以在解调之前放大载波信号。 混频器接收和解调载波信号并输出音频信号以产生用于分析流体样品的化学成分的ESR频谱。 ESR光谱表示流体样品对磁共振的磁化率导致小型化RF微波腔谐振器的谐振频率的变化。 在期望的方面，载波信号在解调之前被分成两个路径。 两个路径由不同的混频器解调，以产生两个单独的输出，吸收光谱和色散谱。
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公开(公告)号：US20090180235A1
公开(公告)日：2009-07-16
申请号：US12378889
申请日：2009-02-21
摘要： A circuit component has an elastically deformable first structure, a second structure, and a support structure coupling the first and second structures, wherein the first structure can be variably deformed in response to a variable force, to provide either a variable capacitor or a variable tank circuit having a variable capacitor and an inductor. In one particular embodiment, a piezoelectric element is laminated to the surface of the first elastically deformable structure thereby providing the capability to deform the first structure. A method of making a circuit component includes forming an elastically deformable first structure, forming a second structure, and joining the first and second structures, to provide either a variable capacitor or a variable tank circuit having a variable capacitor and an inductor.
摘要翻译： 电路部件具有可弹性变形的第一结构，第二结构和联接第一和第二结构的支撑结构，其中第一结构可以响应于可变的力而可变地变形，以提供可变电容器或可变容器 电路具有可变电容器和电感器。 在一个具体实施例中，压电元件层压到第一可弹性变形结构的表面上，从而提供使第一结构变形的能力。 制造电路部件的方法包括形成可弹性变形的第一结构，形成第二结构，并且连接第一和第二结构，以提供具有可变电容器和电感器的可变电容器或可变电容器电路。
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