公开(公告)号：US07149801B2

公开(公告)日：2006-12-12

申请号：US10290879

申请日：2002-11-08

申请人： Michael Burrows ,  Martin Abadi ,  Mark Steven Manasse ,  Edward P. Wobber ,  Daniel Ron Simon

发明人： Michael Burrows ,  Martin Abadi ,  Mark Steven Manasse ,  Edward P. Wobber ,  Daniel Ron Simon

IPC分类号： G06F15/173 ,  H04K1/00

CPC分类号： H04L63/126 ,  H04L51/12

摘要： A resource may be abused if its users incur little or no cost. For example, e-mail abuse is rampant because sending an e-mail has negligible cost for the sender. Such abuse may be discouraged by introducing an artificial cost in the form of a moderately expensive computation. Thus, the sender of an e-mail might be required to pay by computing for a few seconds before the e-mail is accepted. Unfortunately, because of sharp disparities across computer systems, this approach may be ineffective against malicious users with high-end systems, prohibitively slow for legitimate users with low-end systems, or both. Starting from this observation, we identify moderately hard, memory bound functions that most recent computer systems will evaluate at about the same speed, and we explain how to use them for protecting against abuses.

摘要翻译： 如果用户投入很少或没有成本，资源可能会被滥用。 例如，电子邮件滥用是猖獗的，因为发送电子邮件对发件人的成本可以忽略不计。 通过以中等昂贵的计算的形式引入人造成本，可能不鼓励这种滥用。 因此，电子邮件的发件人可能需要在电子邮件被接受之前几秒计算才能付款。 不幸的是，由于计算机系统之间的差异很大，对于具有高端系统的恶意用户来说，这种方法可能无效，对于具有低端系统的合法用户或者两者都是非常缓慢的。 从这个观察开始，我们确定了最近的计算机系统以相同的速度评估的适度硬的记忆绑定功能，我们解释如何使用它们来防止滥用。