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公开(公告)号：US06766252B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-20
申请号：US10056747
申请日：2002-01-24
IPC分类号： G01V504
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： The specification discloses a signal processing technique applicable in acoustic logging devices. The method involves receiving a set of acoustic signals and converting those received signals to their frequency domain representation. Values of the frequency domain representations along constant frequencies are correlated to produce a correlation matrix. Eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the correlation matrix are determined, and the eigenvectors corresponding to signals of interest are removed to create a subspace. Thereafter, a series of test vectors, which test vectors embody a series of estimated slowness values, are applied to the subspace vector. If the test vector maps to or may be represented by the subspace, then the estimated slowness embodied in the test vector maps to noise of the system and is not the correct value for the formation. If, however, the test vector does not map to the subspace, then the slowness embodied in the test vector approximates the actual formation slowness.
摘要翻译： 本说明书公开了一种适用于声学测井装置的信号处理技术。 该方法包括接收一组声信号并将这些接收到的信号转换成它们的频域表示。 沿着恒定频率的频域表示的值被相关以产生相关矩阵。 确定相关矩阵的特征向量和特征值，并且去除与感兴趣信号相对应的特征向量以创建子空间。 此后，将一系列测试向量体现为一系列估计的慢度值，被应用于子空间向量。 如果测试矢量映射到子空间或可能由子空间表示，则测试矢量中体现的估计慢度映射到系统的噪声，并不是正确的形成值。 然而，如果测试矢量不映射到子空间，则测试矢量中体现的慢度近似于实际的地层慢度。
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公开(公告)号：US06842400B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-11
申请号：US10025528
申请日：2001-12-18
摘要： The specification discloses a system and related method for determining characteristics of earth formations traversed by a borehole. An acoustic transmitter mounted on a tool, whether that tool is a wireline tool or a logging-while-drilling tool, imparts acoustic energy into the formation, and a plurality of receivers spaced apart from the transmitter and from each other receive acoustic energy responsive to the transmitter firing. Portions, or all, of each received signal are used to estimate source signals using an assumed transfer function. Each of those estimated source signals are then compared in some way to determine an objective function. This process is repeated for multiple assumed transfer functions, and at multiple starting times within the received signals. By searching for minimas of a plot of the objective function, characteristics of the earth formation may be determined.
摘要翻译： 本说明书公开了一种用于确定由钻孔穿过的地层的特征的系统和相关方法。 安装在工具上的声发射器，无论该工具是电缆工具还是钻井测井工具，将声能传递到地层中，并且与发射器间隔开的多个接收器响应于 发射机发射。 每个接收信号的部分或全部用于使用假定的传递函数来估计源信号。 然后将这些估计的源信号中的每一个以某种方式进行比较以确定目标函数。 对于多个假设传递函数，并且在接收到的信号内的多个起始时间重复该过程。 通过搜索目标函数图的最小值，可以确定地层的特征。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06791899B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-14
申请号：US10677598
申请日：2003-10-02
IPC分类号： G01V148
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： The patent discloses a signal processing technique for determining the fast and slow shear wave polarizations, and their orientation, for acoustic waves in an anisotropic earth formation. The signal processing method decomposes composite received waveforms a number of times using a number of different strike angles. The decomposed signals are used to create estimated source signals. The estimated source signals are compared in some way to obtain an objective function. Locations in a plot where the objective function reaches minimum values are indicative of the acoustic velocity of the fast and slow polarizations within the formation.
摘要翻译： 该专利公开了一种信号处理技术，用于确定各向异性地层中的声波的快速和慢速剪切波偏振及其取向。 信号处理方法使用多个不同的撞击角度将复合接收波形分解多次。 分解的信号用于创建估计的源信号。 估计的源信号以某种方式进行比较以获得目标函数。 目标函数达到最小值的图中的位置表示地层内快速和慢速偏振的声速。
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公开(公告)号：US06691036B2
公开(公告)日：2004-02-10
申请号：US10243471
申请日：2002-09-13
IPC分类号： G01R148
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： A method for creating a frequency domain semblance for use in conjunction with acoustic logging tools is disclosed. Such a frequency domain semblance may be obtained by transforming an acoustic signal received at multiple depths into the frequency domain, combining the received waveforms corresponding to the different depth, and expressing the result in a graph with slowness and frequency axes. This graph shows the frequency-slowness location for the acoustic signal, as well as for other related signals that may inadvertently be generated by the acoustic logging tool. This information may then be used to more clearly measure the slowness of the received acoustic signal. Another aspect of the invention is the treatment of two or more time domain semblances as probability density functions of the slowness for an acoustic signal. This enables the combination of time domain semblances from the same depth in the wellbore.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于创建与声学测井工具结合使用的频域外观的方法。 可以通过将在多个深度处接收到的声信号变换为频域，组合对应于不同深度的接收波形，并将该结果表示为具有慢度和频率轴的图形来获得这样的频域相似度。 该图显示了声信号的频率 - 慢度位置，以及可能无意中由声学测井工具产生的其他相关信号。 然后可以使用该信息来更清楚地测量接收的声信号的慢度。 本发明的另一方面是将两个或更多个时域外观的处理作为声信号的慢度的概率密度函数。 这使得能够在井眼中从相同深度组合时域外观。
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公开(公告)号：US07997380B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-16
申请号：US10873087
申请日：2004-06-22
IPC分类号： G01V1/40
摘要： An attenuation apparatus, system, and method are disclosed. The attenuator is attached to a pipe and includes a housing that includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve. The attenuator includes one or more masses, to resonate when exposed to waves including acoustic frequency components.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种衰减装置，系统和方法。 衰减器附接到管道并且包括包括内套筒和外套筒的壳体。 衰减器包括一个或多个质量，当暴露于包括声频分量的波时产生共振。
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公开(公告)号：US06943709B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-13
申请号：US10755753
申请日：2004-01-12
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： A self-adaptable data compression technique includes compressing the digital data points of a waveform according to at least a first protocol and a second protocol, and various comparing the compressed data under various protocols to determine which would require the least memory for storage.
摘要翻译： 自适应数据压缩技术包括根据至少第一协议和第二协议压缩波形的数字数据点，以及各种协议下的压缩数据的各种比较，以确定哪个将需要最少的存储器进行存储。
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公开(公告)号：US06772067B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-03
申请号：US10027749
申请日：2001-12-21
IPC分类号： G01V128
CPC分类号： G01V1/50
摘要： The patent discloses a signal processing technique for determining the fast and slow shear wave polarizations, and their orientation, for acoustic waves in an anisotropic earth formation. The signal processing method decomposes composite received waveforms a number of times using a number of different strike angles. The decomposed signals are used to create estimated source signals. The estimated source signals are compared in some way to obtain an objective function. Locations in a plot where the objective function reaches minimum values are indicative of the acoustic velocity of the fast and slow polarizations within the formation.
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公开(公告)号：US06453240B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-17
申请号：US09547304
申请日：2000-04-11
IPC分类号： G01R148
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： A method for creating a frequency domain semblance for use in conjunction with acoustic logging tools is disclosed. Such a frequency domain semblance may be obtained by transforming an acoustic signal received at multiple depths into the frequency domain, combining the received waveforms corresponding to the different depth, and expressing the result in a graph with slowness and frequency axes. This graph shows the frequency-slowness location for the acoustic signal, as well as for other related signals that may inadvertently be generated by the acoustic logging tool. This information may then be used to more clearly measure the slowness of the received acoustic signal. Another aspect of the invention is the treatment of two or more time domain semblances as probability density functions of the slowness for an acoustic signal. This enables the combination of time domain semblances from the same depth in the wellbore. Once combined, the time domain semblances more accurately depict the slowness of an acoustic wave through the formation at the selected depth. In addition, a related self-adaptation method to compress the waveform data downhole for storage or transmission is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于创建与声学测井工具结合使用的频域外观的方法。 可以通过将在多个深度处接收到的声信号变换为频域，组合对应于不同深度的接收波形，并将该结果表示为具有慢度和频率轴的图形来获得这样的频域相似度。 该图显示了声信号的频率 - 慢度位置，以及可能无意中由声学测井工具产生的其他相关信号。 然后可以使用该信息来更清楚地测量接收的声信号的慢度。 本发明的另一方面是将两个或更多个时域外观的处理作为声信号的慢度的概率密度函数。 这使得能够在井眼中从相同深度组合时域外观。 一旦组合，时域外观更准确地描绘了通过选定深度处的地层的声波的缓慢。 另外，还公开了用于压缩在井下进行存储或传输的波形数据的相关自适应方法。
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