公开(公告)号：US6122836A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

申请号：US74248

申请日：1998-05-07

申请人： Kenneth J. Tenedini ,  Siegfried G. Bart, Jr.

发明人： Kenneth J. Tenedini ,  Siegfried G. Bart, Jr.

IPC分类号： F26B5/06 ,  F26B13/30

CPC分类号： F26B5/06

摘要： Freeze drying apparatus and associated lyophilization procedures are provided employing vapor flow detection and/or vacuum control for monitoring and control of the lyophilization process. The vapor flow detector, such as a windmill sensor, is disposed to monitor vapor flow from product undergoing lyophilization. In a batch process, vapor flow is collectively monitored with the vapor flow detector between the process chamber and condenser chamber, while in a manifold configuration separate vapor flow detectors are employed at each flask attachment port. A windmill sensor provides visual feedback to an operator and/or electronic feedback to a system controller. A vacuum control system is also provided for use with or independent of vapor flow detection. This vacuum control disconnects the vacuum source from the process chamber when pressure within the process chamber falls below a first predefined set point. The vacuum source is then reconnected if process chamber pressure rises above a second predefined set point.

摘要翻译： 使用蒸气流检测和/或真空控制来提供冷冻干燥装置和相关的冻干程序，用于监测和控制冻干过程。 设置蒸汽流量检测器，例如风车传感器，以监测经历冷冻干燥的产品的蒸气流。 在分批处理中，蒸汽流量与处理室和冷凝器室之间的蒸汽流量检测器共同监测，而在歧管结构中，在每个烧瓶附接端口采用独立的蒸汽流量检测器。 风车传感器向操作者提供视觉反馈和/或向系统控制器提供电子反馈。 还提供了与蒸气流检测一起使用或独立于真空控制系统。 当处理室内的压力低于第一预定义的设定点时，该真空控制器将真空源与处理室断开连接。 如果处理室压力升高到高于第二预定义设定点，则真空源重新连接。

公开(公告)号：US06226887B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-08

申请号：US09465650

申请日：1999-12-16

申请人： Kenneth J. Tenedini ,  Siegfried G. Bart, Jr.

发明人： Kenneth J. Tenedini ,  Siegfried G. Bart, Jr.

IPC分类号： F26B506

CPC分类号： F26B5/06

摘要： Freeze drying apparatus and associated lyophilization procedures are provided employing vapor flow detection and/or vacuum control for monitoring and control of the lyophilization process. The vapor flow detector, such as a windmill sensor, is disposed to monitor vapor flow from product undergoing lyophilization. In a batch process, vapor flow is collectively monitored with the vapor flow detector between the process chamber and condenser chamber, while in a manifold configuration separate vapor flow detectors are employed at each flask attachment port. A windmill sensor provides visual feedback to an operator and/or electronic feedback to a system controller. A vacuum control system is also provided for use with or independent of vapor flow detection. This vacuum control disconnects the vacuum source from the process chamber when pressure within the process chamber falls below a first predefined set point. The vacuum source is then reconnected if process chamber pressure rises above a second predefined set point.

摘要翻译： 使用蒸气流检测和/或真空控制提供冷冻干燥装置和相关的冷冻干燥方法，用于监测和控制冻干过程。 设置蒸汽流量检测器，例如风车传感器，以监测经历冷冻干燥的产品的蒸气流。 在分批处理中，蒸汽流量与处理室和冷凝器室之间的蒸汽流量检测器共同监测，而在歧管结构中，在每个烧瓶附接端口采用独立的蒸汽流量检测器。 风车传感器向操作者提供视觉反馈和/或向系统控制器提供电子反馈。 还提供了与蒸气流检测一起使用或独立于真空控制系统。 当处理室内的压力低于第一预定义的设定点时，该真空控制器将真空源与处理室断开连接。 如果处理室压力升高到高于第二预定义设定点，则真空源重新连接。

公开(公告)号：US4547977A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-22

申请号：US612328

申请日：1984-05-21

申请人： Kenneth J. Tenedini ,  David T. Sutherland

发明人： Kenneth J. Tenedini ,  David T. Sutherland

IPC分类号： F26B5/06 ,  F26B21/06

CPC分类号： F26B5/06

摘要： The circulation of heat transfer fluid through the low temperature heat exchanger in the temperature control system of a freeze dryer is selectively increased when the temperature of heat being applied to the product shelf assembly in the freeze dryer exceeds the desired temperature. Preferably, a servo-controlled mixing valve selectively bypasses the low temperature heat exchanger so that the rate of cooling is very precisely adjusted without requiring the heat exchanger refrigeration unit to be cycled on and off. Since the refrigeration unit operates continuously, the reliability and operating lifetime of the refrigeration unit is increased. Moreover, the heat exchanger temperature is maintained at a minimum value. Preferably, the servo-control for the mixing valve includes a digitally controlled stepping motor and the adjustment of the mixing valve is sensed by a linear voltage displacement transducer. To prevent short cycling and oscillation, a dead band is introduced in the servo-control loop. To reduce temperature overshoot yet achieve a fast response time, a rate function is included in the temperature control loop as well as nonlinear characterization of the temperature control loop gain to provide a quick response to large control steps. Preferably the same rate function, representative of the thermal inertia or heat capacity of the dryer system, is included in the control loop for the heater as well as the control loop for the low temperature heat exchanger.

摘要翻译： 当冷冻干燥机中施加到产品搁架组件的热量的温度超过所需温度时，选择性地增加了冷冻干燥器的温度控制系统中的传热流体通过低温热交换器的循环。 优选地，伺服控制的混合阀选择性地绕过低温热交换器，使得冷却速率被非常精确地调节，而不需要热交换器制冷单元循环启动和关闭。 由于制冷单元连续运转，所以制冷机组的可靠性和使用寿命增加。 此外，热交换器温度保持在最小值。 优选地，用于混合阀的伺服控制器包括数字控制的步进电机，并且由线性电压位移传感器检测混合阀的调节。 为了防止短路和振荡，在伺服控制回路中引入死区。 为了减少温度过冲但达到快速响应时间，温度控制回路中包括一个速率函数，以及温度控制环路增益的非线性特征，以便对大的控制步骤提供快速响应。 优选地，代表干燥器系统的热惯性或热容量的相同速率函数包括在用于加热器的控制回路以及用于低温热交换器的控制回路中。