摘要:
A mandibular and maxillary arch expansion apparatus having a first and second forward orthodontic bands and first and second rear orthodontic bands. The respective forward and rear orthodontic bands are interconnected by an expansion sheath element. The two forward bands are connected by a substantially straight, solid rod. The expansion sheaths exert lengthening forces while the solid rod resists lateral or widening forces. Also provided is a maxillary apparatus connected to a mandibular apparatus by a telescoping contraction connector. The device is positioned to exert adjustable contracting pressure for the correction of Class II malocclusions or overbite. Also provided is an arch expansion apparatus with a centrally disposed expansion element having two forward connector wires extending outwardly therefrom and two rearward connector wires extending outwardly. Each connector wire has an orthodontic band on the terminal end. The expansion element can be actuated so as to elongate the expansion element so as to exert arch expansion pressure.
摘要:
A system and method for optimal sensing of cardiac events includes registering electrical activity from a cardiac event in a patient's heart and entering a refractory period after the cardiac event has been registered. The system and method further includes detecting when the electrical activity from the cardiac event has settled into a baseline region for a predetermined period of time, whereby the refractory period is ended at such time. The method may also implement a minimum backup timer and a maximum backup timer, which are set to predetermined minimum and maximum time periods, respectively, when the refractory period begins. In this case, the system ends the refractory period, either: (1) when the electrical activity settles into a baseline region for a predetermined period of time and the minimum time period elapses, or (2) when the maximum time period elapses, whichever occurs first. The method for controlling the length of the refractory period can be used to control sensing, pacing and defibrillator systems.
摘要:
An orthodontic appliance includes a mandibular arch expander and a maxillary arch expander which are interconnected by a pair of adjustable connector assemblies. The maxillary and mandibular arch expanders each include front and rear orthodontic bands which have bosses to facilitate connection of the connector assemblies to the arch expanders. The connector assemblies include an expandable tube assembly and a rod which extends through said expandable tube assembly. The expandable tube assembly has a mount at a first end thereof adapted to connect the connector to the rear orthodontic band of the maxillary arch. The rod has a mount adjacent a second end of the expandable tube assembly adapted to be connected to the front orthodontic bands of the mandibular arch expander. The tube assemblies each include a hollow posterior tube and an anterior tube which are telescopically connected. Preferably, the anterior tube has a hollow body which is externally threaded at its back end. The posterior tube has a hollow body defining a bore and is internally threaded at its front end of said tube. The posterior tube bore is sized to accept the anterior tube so that the two tubes can be threadedly connected together. The posterior tube includes holes adapted to receive a tool to facilitate adjustment of the position of the posterior tube relative to the anterior tube to alter the overall length of the retractable, extendible tube assembly. Further, anterior tube includes indicators, in the form of spaced apart tick marks, to inform a practitioner as to the length of the connector assembly.
摘要:
A method for storing digitized electrogram and diagnostic data in a read/write memory of an implantable cardiac therapy device which includes the steps of configuring the memory into first and second memory blocks, configuring the first memory block into a plurality of successive EGM data records for storage of the electrogram data, and the second memory block into a plurality of successive diagnostic data records for storage of the diagnostic data, storing successive electrogram data corresponding to successive EGM trigger events in respective, successive ones of the EGM data records, and, storing successive diagnostic data corresponding to successive diagnostic trigger events in respective, successive ones of the diagnostic data records. The electrogram data is preferably written into the EGM data records in a wraparound, FIFO manner. The memory preferably includes an EGM directory having a plurality of cross-indexed entries each containing several fields of relational data concerning associated ones of the electrogram data records, and a diagnostic directory having a plurality of cross-indexed entries each containing several fields of relational data concerning associated ones of the diagnostic data records, to thereby provide a relational database of electrogram and diagnostic data for subsequent telemetric interrogation by an external instrument.
摘要:
An implantable cardiac therapy device collects patient ECG and device status information, including cardiac event interval information, why therapy was or was not applied, and patient response to therapy, in connection with an arrhythmic episode and correlates such information in a data frame that may be stored for later telemetric transmission to an external instrument or that may be transmitted in real time to the external instrument. The data frame is decoded by the external instrument for presentation to an attending physician in a time correlated format.
摘要:
A slide on connector for positioning upon an arch wire between the teeth of an orthodontic patent is provided. This connector works in conjunction with maxillary and mandibular arch expanders and other orthodontic appliances. The connector includes a base casing with a body segment and a base segment where both include a threaded bore. A screw is then threadedly engaged through the body and into the base segment. The base segment has tubes attached thereto for the insertion of an arch wire and the screw turns upon the arch wire for securement. The tubes can be preangulated to assist in root angulation or other orthodontia when the arch wire is inserted.
摘要:
A contracting connector between a maxillary apparatus and mandibular apparatus to treat an underbite. The connector has a telescoping outer sheath connected at its posterior end to the maxillary apparatus. A rod is slidingly engaged in the sheath. And connected at its anterior end to the mandibular apparatus. A spring connected between the rod and the posterior end of the sheath exerts adjustable contraction pressure on the rod and thus the mandible. In another embodiment, the rod has separate anterior and posterior segments The posterior segment of the rod is attached to the maxillary apparatus and the anterior segment is attached to the mandibular apparatus A spring connected between the anterior and posterior segments exerts adjustable contracting pressure on the two rod segments and thus on the maxilla and the mandible. In either embodiment the contracting pressure on the spring is adjusted by changing the length of the telescoping outer sheath. An improved channel lock for connectors also is disclosed.
摘要:
A method for detecting an arrhythmia hidden by rapid pacing in a rate adaptive pacemaker/defibrillator. Unmasking a potential arrhythmia is accomplished by lengthening the pace cycle length by a small amount for a number of cycles followed by a shortening of the pace cycle length for the same number of cycles giving an average pacing rate equivalent to the desired rate. This can occur at all times or only when conditions make arrhythmia masking possible. Changing the pace cycle by a small amount over a number of cycles will move the arrhythmia and paced rhythm out of synchronization. Forcing the pacer to continue sensing the arrhythmia is accomplished by insuring that the pacer's sense refractory is less than one half of the pacing cycle length. This is done by constraining the programming of that value to one half the minimum pacing cycle length or using an adaptive sense refractory period. In another embodiment, a hidden arrhythmia is detected by periodically checking a relative refractory portion of the pace refractory period to see if a signal indicative of arrhythmia can be detected. This relative refractory period is produced by shortening the established refractory period by a calculated adaptive relative refractory period.
摘要:
An orthodontic expansion complex for a mandibular and maxillary arch expansion that resists buccal tipping of molars. The expansion complex includes first and second forward orthodontic bands and a pair of rear orthodontic bands operatively connected to the forward orthodontic bands. The expansion complex includes an arm extending lingually from a lingual side of the first forward orthodontic band. An expander body is rotationally mounted on the arm to rotate about the arm. A passage extends through the body, and the arm extends into a rear end of the passage. The body passage is internally threaded near the front of the body. An expansion rod is mounted to a lingual side of the second forward orthodontic band. The expansion rod is externally threaded at a rear end thereof to be threadedly received in the threaded portion of the body passage. The expansion rod has a bore extending forwardly from the rear end of the rod which receives the arm. The expansion rod bore and arm have non-cylindrical cross-sectional configurations which resist rotational movement and buccal tipping.
摘要:
A method for detecting an arrhythmia hidden by rapid pacing in a rate adaptive pacemaker/defibrillator. Unmasking a potential arrhythmia is accomplished by lengthening the pace cycle length by a small amount for a number of cycles followed by a shortening of the pace cycle length for the same number of cycles giving an average pacing rate equivalent to the desired rate. This can occur at all times or only when conditions make arrhythmia masking possible. Changing the pace cycle by a small amount over a number of cycles will move the arrhythmia and paced rhythm out of synchronization. Forcing the pacer to continue sensing the arrhythmia is accomplished by insuring that the pacer's sense refractory is less than one half of the pacing cycle length. This is done by constraining the programming of that value to one half the minimum pacing cycle length or using an adaptive sense refractory period. In another embodiment, a hidden arrhythmia is detected by periodically checking a relative refractory portion of the pace refractory period to see if a signal indicative of arrhythmia can be detected. This relative refractory period is produced by shortening the established refractory period by a calculated adaptive relative refractory period.