Processes for hydrofluorination of 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene to 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane
    2.
    发明授权
    Processes for hydrofluorination of 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene to 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane 有权
    将2-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯氢氟化为2-氯-1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08916733B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-12-23

    申请号:US12484588

    申请日:2009-06-15

    CPC分类号: C07C17/087 C07C19/10

    摘要: A process for making 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane. The process has the step of contacting 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a catalyst having about 25 to about 99.9 mole percent antimony pentachloride and about 0.1 to about 75 mole percent of a metal of a Lewis acid under conditions sufficient to form the 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane. There is a second process for making 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane. The process has the step of hydrofluorinating about 75 to about 99.9 mole percent 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and about 0.1 to about 25 mole percent of one or more other hydrocarbons having at least one chlorine atom in the presence of a catalyst of fluorinated antimony pentachloride under conditions sufficient to form the 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane. There is yet another process for hydrofluorinating 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene to 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane. The process has the step of contacting the 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a vapor phase catalyst under conditions sufficient to form the 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane.

    摘要翻译: 制备2-氯-1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷的方法。 该方法具有在催化剂存在下使2-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯与氟化氢接触的步骤,该催化剂具有约25至约99.9摩尔%的五氯化锑和约0.1至约75摩尔%的金属 路易斯酸在足以形成2-氯-1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷的条件下进行。 制备2-氯-1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷的第二种方法。 该方法具有在存在下存在下,将约75-约99.9摩尔%的2-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯和约0.1-约25摩尔%的一种或多种其它具有至少一个氯原子的烃氢氟化的步骤 在足以形成2-氯-1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷的条件下的氟化五氯化锑催化剂。 还有将2-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯氢氟化为2-氯-1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷的另一种方法。 该方法具有在气相催化剂存在下,在足以形成2-氯-1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷的条件下使2-氯-3,3,3-三氟丙烯与氟化氢接触的步骤。

    Method for producing fluorinated organic compounds
    3.
    发明授权
    Method for producing fluorinated organic compounds 有权
    氟化有机化合物的制备方法

    公开(公告)号:US08455704B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-06-04

    申请号:US13287199

    申请日:2011-11-02

    IPC分类号: C07C17/00

    摘要: Disclosed are processes for the production of fluorinated olefins, preferably adapted to commercialization of CF3CF═CH2 (1234yf). In certain preferred embodiments the processes comprise first exposing a compound of Formula (IA) C(X)2═CClC(X)3  (IA) where each X is independently F, Cl or H, preferably CCl2═CClCH2Cl, to one or more sets of reaction conditions, but preferably a substantially single set of reaction conditions, effective to produce at least one chlorofluoropropane, preferably in accordance with Formula (IB): CF3CClX′C(X′)3  Formula (IB) where each X′ is independently F, Cl or H, and then exposing the compound of Formula (IB) to one or more sets of reaction conditions, but preferably a substantially single set of reaction conditions, effective to produce a compound of Formula (II) CF3CF═CHZ  (II) where Z is H, F, Cl, I or Br.

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于制备氟化烯烃的方法,优选适于商业化CF 3 CF = CH 2(1234yf)。 在某些优选实施方案中,该方法包括首先将式(IA)C(X)2 = CClC(X)3(IA)的化合物暴露于其中每个X独立地为F,Cl或H,优选CCl 2 = CClCH 2 Cl, 反应条件组,但优选基本上单一组的反应条件,有效产生至少一种氯氟丙烷,优选按照式(IB):CF 3 CClX'C(X')3式(IB),其中每个X'独立地为F ,然后将式(IB)化合物暴露于一组或多组反应条件,但优选基本上单一组的反应条件,有效地制备式(II)化合物,CF 3 CF = CHZ(II) 其中Z是H,F,Cl,I或Br。

    EFFICIENT STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL FOR LARGE NUMBER OF DATA OBJECTS
    6.
    发明申请
    EFFICIENT STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL FOR LARGE NUMBER OF DATA OBJECTS 有权
    对大量数据对象的有效存储和检索

    公开(公告)号:US20120246129A1

    公开(公告)日:2012-09-27

    申请号:US13491355

    申请日:2012-06-07

    IPC分类号: G06F17/30

    CPC分类号: G06F17/3028 G06F17/30091

    摘要: A data object management scheme for storing a large plurality of small data objects (e.g., image files) in small number of large object stack file for storage in secondary storage (e.g., hard disks). By storing many individual data objects in a single object stack file, the number of files stored in the secondary storage is reduced by several orders of magnitude, from the billions or millions to the hundreds or so. Index data for each object stack file is generated and stored in primary storage to allow efficient and prompt access to the data objects. Requests to store or retrieve the data objects are made using HTTP messages including file identifiers that identify the files storing the data objects and keys identifying the data objects. A file server stores or retrieves the data object from secondary storage of a file server without converting the requests to NSF or POSIX commands.

    摘要翻译: 一种数据对象管理方案,用于存储少量大对象堆栈文件中的大量多个小数据对象(例如,图像文件),用于存储在辅助存储器(例如,硬盘)中。 通过将多个单独的数据对象存储在单个对象堆栈文件中,存储在辅助存储器中的文件数量从数十亿或数百万减少到几个数量级。 生成每个对象堆栈文件的索引数据并将其存储在主存储中,以便有效和及时地访问数据对象。 存储或检索数据对象的请求使用HTTP消息进行,包括标识存储数据对象的文件和标识数据对象的键的文件标识符。 文件服务器从文件服务器的辅助存储器存储或检索数据对象,而不将请求转换为NSF或POSIX命令。

    Cryosurgery device
    8.
    发明授权
    Cryosurgery device 有权
    冷冻设备

    公开(公告)号:US08066698B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-11-29

    申请号:US12402360

    申请日:2009-03-11

    IPC分类号: A61B18/02

    CPC分类号: A61B18/0218

    摘要: A cryosurgery device includes an aerosol container holding a liquid refrigerant and having a valve and a stem extending out therefrom; an actuator seated on the stem and including an outlet tube for receiving released refrigerant from the container; a hub mounted on the container and including slots therein; and a base having a central opening for receiving the hub, the base including aligning projections that enter the slots in the hub to engage and apply pressure to the actuator to cause the actuator to depress the stem and release refrigerant into the base. The container may further contain an applicator tube mounted to the hub in fluid communication with the outlet tube with a porous tip mounted to a distal end of the applicator tube for receiving the refrigerant and, being chilled thereby, applied to a skin lesion to be treated.

    摘要翻译: 冷冻手术装置包括保持液体制冷剂并具有从其延伸出的阀和杆的气溶胶容器; 安置在所述杆上并包括用于从所述容器接收释放的制冷剂的出口管的致动器; 安装在容器上并在其中包括槽的轮毂; 以及具有用于容纳轮毂的中心开口的底座,所述基座包括进入轮毂中的狭槽的对准突起,以接合并向致动器施加压力,以使致动器压下杆并将制冷剂释放到基座中。 容器还可以包含安装在毂上的施加器管,其与出口管流体连通,多孔尖端安装到施用管的远端,用于接收制冷剂,并由此冷却,施加到待治疗的皮肤损伤处 。

    TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY
    9.
    发明申请
    TRANSDUCER ASSEMBLY 有权
    传感器总成

    公开(公告)号:US20110138896A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-06-16

    申请号:US12945115

    申请日:2010-11-12

    IPC分类号: G01M15/14

    摘要: A transducer assembly (100) for connecting a transducer (102) to a device, the transducer assembly comprising: a transducer mount (110) adapted to receive the transducer; and a clamp (120) comprising first and second jaws (122, 124), the first and second jaws being adapted to selectively clamp to a flange portion (106) of the device. The transducer mount (110) may comprise a housing (112), a resilient member (114) and first and second end walls (115, 116). The first end wall may be operatively connected to the device. The transducer (102) may be held within the housing and adjacent to the first end wall. The resilient member being disposed between the transducer and the second end wall.

    摘要翻译: 1.一种用于将换能器(102)连接到装置的换能器组件(100),所述换能器组件包括:适于接收所述换能器的换能器支架(110) 以及包括第一和第二钳口(122,124)的夹具(120),所述第一和第二钳口适于选择性地夹紧到所述装置的凸缘部分(106)。 换能器支架(110)可以包括壳体(112),弹性构件(114)和第一和第二端壁(115,116)。 第一端壁可以可操作地连接到该装置。 换能器(102)可以保持在壳体内并且邻近第一端壁。 弹性构件设置在换能器和第二端壁之间。