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公开(公告)号：US5030878A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-09
申请号：US320277
申请日：1989-03-06
申请人： Raymond L. Roy , Peter W. Graves , Thomas J. Loretz , Jonathan W. Amy , George C. Stafford, Jr.
发明人： Raymond L. Roy , Peter W. Graves , Thomas J. Loretz , Jonathan W. Amy , George C. Stafford, Jr.
IPC分类号： H01J43/24
CPC分类号： H01J43/24
摘要： A segmented electron multiplier is disclosed with front and rear sections. The sections are specially designed so that the length of the rear section compared to the length of the front section is no less than 4:1. This permits multiple replacements of the rear section, after the multiplier wears out, without any unsatisfactory drop in the overall electrical gain produced by the repaired device. In the preferred embodiment, the front portion is a funnel having a tubular stem, and the rear portion is a straight tube with a cylindrical helical inner channel. The length-to-length split is 5:1, which theoretically permits up to six or seven replacements of the rear section before unsatisfactory gain occurs.
摘要翻译： 公开了分段电子倍增器，其具有前部和后部。 这些部分是专门设计的，使得后部的长度与前部的长度相比不小于4：1。 这样可以在乘法器磨损之后对后部进行多次更换，而不会使由修理的设备产生的整体电气增益不会令人满意的下降。 在优选实施例中，前部是具有管状杆的漏斗，后部是具有圆柱形螺旋形内部通道的直管。 长度与长度之间的距离为5：1，理论上允许在不令人满意的增益发生之前最多可以对后部进行六到七次更换。
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公开(公告)号：US5374864A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-20
申请号：US758285
申请日：1991-08-28
CPC分类号： H01J43/24
摘要： A series of improved electron multipliers is shown which are capable of reducing the number of bombardments per unit area. In the preferred embodiment, the inner channel is significantly increased in surface area over that surface area of present-day multipliers. Because the surface area is increased, for the same charge throughout, the number of electron bombardments per unit area is decreased. Since the number of bombardments per unit area is reduced, there is less degradation on the inner surface of the channel and hence the device lifetime is also increased.
摘要翻译： 示出了一系列改进的电子倍增器，其能够减少每单位面积的轰击次数。 在优选实施例中，内通道在当前乘法器的表面积上的表面积显着增加。 由于表面积增加，对于同样的电荷，每单位面积的电子轰击数量减少。 由于每单位面积的轰击次数减少，通道内表面的劣化较少，因此装置寿命也增加。
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公开(公告)号：US4357105A
公开(公告)日：1982-11-02
申请号：US173801
申请日：1980-08-06
申请人： Thomas J. Loretz
发明人： Thomas J. Loretz
CPC分类号： G01N21/314 , G01N2201/0692
摘要： A compact, portable, clinical instrument dedicated to hemoglobin determination employs an L.E.D. light source with a peak output wavelength of about 553 nanometers and a yellow-blocking filter with a long wavelength cut-off not longer than about 565 nanometers. Thus, the relative amount of energy incident upon the blood sample in the 540 nm. hemoglobin absorption band is maximized. In addition to the L.E.D., the photodetector and the amplifying, inverting, log conversion, digital conversion, display and power supply regulation circuits are also exclusively solid-state. The display is of the reflective or liquid crystal type, and the power supply regulator is a sophisticated integrated circuit containing the equivalent of many discrete components. As a result, current consumption is minimized, and battery life and instrument accuracy are maximized. As an alternative illumination source, an infra-red L.E.D. can be employed, and the instrument is then capable of blood turbidity measurement. In either case, the L.E.D. illumination source is powered by a constant-current regulator, which minimizes errors due to fluctuations in illumination intensity.
摘要翻译： 专门用于血红蛋白测定的紧凑便携式临床仪器采用L.E.D. 具有约553纳米的峰值输出波长的光源和长波长截止值不大于约565纳米的黄色阻挡滤光器。 因此，在540nm处入射到血液样品上的能量的相对量。 血红蛋白吸收带最大化。 除了L.E.D.，光电检测器和放大，反相，对数转换，数字转换，显示和电源调节电路也是专门的固态。 显示器是反射型或液晶型，电源调节器是一种复杂的集成电路，其中包含许多分立元件。 因此，电流消耗最小化，电池寿命和仪器精度最大化。 作为替代照明源，红外线L.E.D. 可以使用，然后仪器能够进行血液浊度测量。 在任何一种情况下，L.E.D. 照明源由恒流调节器供电，这使得由于照明强度的波动而导致的误差最小化。
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