公开(公告)号：US07280940B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-09

申请号：US11371315

申请日：2006-03-07

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Yanko K Sheiretov ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  David C. Grundy ,  Vladimir A. Zilberstein

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Yanko K Sheiretov ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  David C. Grundy ,  Vladimir A. Zilberstein

IPC分类号： G06F15/00

CPC分类号： G01N22/00

摘要： The condition of insulating and semiconducting dielectric materials is assessed by a sensor array that uses electric fields to interrogate the test material. The sensor has a linear array of parallel drive conductors interconnected to form a single drive electrode and sense conductors placed on each side of and parallel to a drive conductor. Subsets of the sense conductors are interconnected to form at least two sense elements sensitive to different material regions. The sense conductors may be at different distances to the drive conductors, enabling measurement sensitivity to different depths into the test material. The material condition is assessed directly from the sense element responses or after conversion to an effective material property, such as an electrical conductivity or dielectric permittivity.

摘要翻译： 绝缘和半导体介电材料的条件通过使用电场询问测试材料的传感器阵列来评估。 传感器具有互连以形成单个驱动电极的线性阵列和放置在驱动导体的平行于驱动导体的每一侧上的感测导体。 感测导体的子集互连以形成对不同材料区域敏感的至少两个感测元件。 感测导体可以距离驱动导体不同的距离，使测量灵敏度不同于测试材料的深度。 材料条件直接由感应元件响应或转换为有效材料性质（如导电率或介电常数）进行评估。

公开(公告)号：US10001457B2

公开(公告)日：2018-06-19

申请号：US13451128

申请日：2012-04-19

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Floyd W. Spencer ,  David A. Jablonski ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrell E. Schlicker

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Floyd W. Spencer ,  David A. Jablonski ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrell E. Schlicker

IPC分类号： G01N27/82 ,  G01N27/90 ,  G01M5/00 ,  G01N29/30

CPC分类号： G01N27/90 ,  G01M5/0033 ,  G01M5/0091 ,  G01N29/30

摘要： Methods and apparatus for enhancing performance curve generation, damage monitoring, and improving non-destructive testing performance. Damage standards used for performance curve generation are monitored using a non-destructive testing (NDT) sensor during a damage evolution test performed with the standard. The evolution test may be intermittently paused to permit ground truth data to be collected in addition to the NDT sensor data. A damage evolution model may be used to estimate ground truth data during the intervening periods of the damage evolution test. The NDT sensor data and ground truth data are used to generate performance curves for the NDT system. Multiple sensors may be monitored at multiple locations on the damage standard and multiple damage evolution tests may be performed with multiple damage standards.

公开(公告)号：US07812601B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-12

申请号：US12484761

申请日：2009-06-15

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Robert J. Lyons ,  Mark D. Windoloski ,  Christopher A. Craven ,  Vladimir B. Tsukernik ,  David C. Grundy

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Robert J. Lyons ,  Mark D. Windoloski ,  Christopher A. Craven ,  Vladimir B. Tsukernik ,  David C. Grundy

IPC分类号： G01N27/72 ,  G01N27/90

CPC分类号： G01N27/9046

摘要： Eddy current sensors and sensor arrays are used for process quality and material condition assessment of conducting materials. In an embodiment, changes in spatially registered high resolution images taken before and after cold work processing reflect the quality of the process, such as intensity and coverage. These images also permit the suppression or removal of local outlier variations. Anisotropy in a material property, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, can be intentionally introduced and used to assess material condition resulting from an operation, such as a cold work or heat treatment. The anisotropy is determined by sensors that provide directional property measurements. The sensor directionality arises from constructs that use a linear conducting drive segment to impose the magnetic field in a test material. Maintaining the orientation of this drive segment, and associated sense elements, relative to a material edge provides enhanced sensitivity for crack detection at edges.

摘要翻译： 涡流传感器和传感器阵列用于导电材料的工艺质量和材料状况评估。 在一个实施例中，在冷加工处理之前和之后拍摄的空间注册的高分辨率图像的变化反映了过程的质量，例如强度和覆盖。 这些图像还允许抑制或去除局部异常值变化。 可以有意地引入材料性质的各向异性，例如磁导率或电导率，以用于评估由诸如冷加工或热处理的操作引起的材料状况。 各向异性由提供定向性质测量的传感器确定。 传感器方向性来自使用线性传导驱动段将磁场施加在测试材料中的结构。 维持该驱动段和相关感测元件相对于材料边缘的方向为边缘处的裂纹检测提供了增强的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US08222897B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-17

申请号：US12157719

申请日：2008-06-12

申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Neil J. Goldfine ,  Todd M. Dunford ,  Scott A. Denenberg ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Karen E. Walrath

发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Neil J. Goldfine ,  Todd M. Dunford ,  Scott A. Denenberg ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Karen E. Walrath

IPC分类号： G01R33/12 ,  G01N27/72 ,  G01N27/90 ,  G01B7/24

CPC分类号： G01L3/105 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127 ,  G01L3/102 ,  G01L5/164

摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. In a bidirectional implementation the meanders are oriented 90° apart while in a quadridirectional implementation the meanders are orientated at −45, 0, 45, and 90°. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence. After the correction, the permeability measurement is then used to assess the local stresses and strains in the material of interest.

摘要翻译： 一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。 在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折中的感测元件或导电环路以不同方向提供测试材料状况的方向测量，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动 。 在双向实施中，蜿蜒相隔90°，而在四向实施中，蜿蜒方向定位在-45°，0°，45°和90°。 多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。 这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。 这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。 在校正之后，然后使用渗透性测量来评估感兴趣的材料中的局部应力和应变。

公开(公告)号：US20100026285A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-04

申请号：US12484761

申请日：2009-06-15

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Robert J. Lyons ,  Mark D. Windoloski ,  Christopher A. Craven ,  Vladimir B. Tsukernik ,  David C. Grundy

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Robert J. Lyons ,  Mark D. Windoloski ,  Christopher A. Craven ,  Vladimir B. Tsukernik ,  David C. Grundy

IPC分类号： G01R33/12

CPC分类号： G01N27/9046

摘要： Eddy current sensors and sensor arrays are used for process quality and material condition assessment of conducting materials. In an embodiment, changes in spatially registered high resolution images taken before and after cold work processing reflect the quality of the process, such as intensity and coverage. These images also permit the suppression or removal of local outlier variations. Anisotropy in a material property, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, can be intentionally introduced and used to assess material condition resulting from an operation, such as a cold work or heat treatment. The anisotropy is determined by sensors that provide directional property measurements. The sensor directionality arises from constructs that use a linear conducting drive segment to impose the magnetic field in a test material. Maintaining the orientation of this drive segment, and associated sense elements, relative to a material edge provides enhanced sensitivity for crack detection at edges.

摘要翻译： 涡流传感器和传感器阵列用于导电材料的工艺质量和材料状况评估。 在一个实施例中，在冷加工处理之前和之后拍摄的空间注册的高分辨率图像的变化反映了过程的质量，例如强度和覆盖。 这些图像还允许抑制或去除局部异常值变化。 可以有意地引入材料性质的各向异性，例如磁导率或电导率，以用于评估由诸如冷加工或热处理之类的操作引起的材料状况。 各向异性由提供定向性质测量的传感器确定。 传感器方向性来自使用线性传导驱动段将磁场施加在测试材料中的结构。 维持该驱动段和相关感测元件相对于材料边缘的方向为边缘处的裂纹检测提供了增强的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US08768657B2

公开(公告)日：2014-07-01

申请号：US11653067

申请日：2007-01-12

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Vladimir A. Zilberstein ,  Volker Weiss ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Vladimir A. Zilberstein ,  Volker Weiss ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov

IPC分类号： G06F7/60 ,  G06F17/10 ,  G06F19/00 ,  G21C17/00 ,  G06F15/18 ,  G06E1/00 ,  G06E3/00 ,  G06G7/00 ,  G01N27/82 ,  G06N7/00 ,  G01B7/34

CPC分类号： G01N27/82 ,  F05B2270/109 ,  F05B2270/404 ,  G01B7/34 ,  G06N7/005

摘要： Predicting the remaining life of individual aircraft, fleets of aircraft, aircraft components and subpopulations of these components. This is accomplished through the use of precomputed databases of response that are generated from a model for the nonlinear system behavior prior to the time that decisions need to be made concerning the disposition of the system. The database is calibrated with a few data points, to account for unmodeled system variables, and then used with an input variable to predict future system behavior. These methods also permit identification of the root causes for observed system behavior. The use of the response databases also permits rapid estimations of uncertainty estimates for the system behavior, such as remaining life estimates, particularly, when subsets of an input variable distribution are passed through the database and scaled appropriately to construct the output distribution. A specific example is the prediction of remaining life for an aircraft component where the model calculates damage evolution, input variables are a crack size and the number of cycles, and the predicted parameters are the actual stress on the component and the remaining life.

摘要翻译： 预测个别飞机，飞机机队，飞机部件和这些部件的子群体的剩余寿命。 这是通过使用预先计算的响应数据库来实现的，该数据库是在关于系统的配置的决定之前从非线性系统行为的模型生成的。 数据库使用几个数据点进行校准，以解释未建模的系统变量，然后与输入变量一起使用以预测未来的系统行为。 这些方法还允许识别观察到的系统行为的根本原因。 响应数据库的使用还允许对系统行为的不确定性估计的快速估计，例如剩余寿命估计，特别是当输入变量分布的子集通过数据库并适当地缩放以构建输出分布时。 一个具体的例子是对模型计算损伤演化的飞机部件的剩余寿命的预测，输入变量是裂纹尺寸和循环次数，预测参数是组件上的实际应力和剩余寿命。

公开(公告)号：US08415947B2

公开(公告)日：2013-04-09

申请号：US13549875

申请日：2012-07-16

申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Neil J. Goldfine ,  Todd M. Dunford ,  Scott A. Denenberg ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Karen E. Walrath

发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Neil J. Goldfine ,  Todd M. Dunford ,  Scott A. Denenberg ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrell E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Karen E. Walrath

IPC分类号： G01R33/12 ,  G01N27/72 ,  G01N27/90 ,  G01B7/24

CPC分类号： G01L3/105 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127 ,  G01L3/102 ,  G01L5/164

摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition. In successive layers extended portions of the meanders are rotated so that the sense elements provide material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence.

摘要翻译： 一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。 在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折内的感测元件或导电回路提供测试材料状况的定向测量。 在连续的层中，蜿蜒的延伸部分被旋转，使得感测元件以不同的取向提供材料状态，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。 多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。 这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。 这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。

公开(公告)号：US07528598B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-05

申请号：US11473297

申请日：2006-06-22

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  David C. Grundy ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Darrell E. Schlicker

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  David C. Grundy ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Darrell E. Schlicker

IPC分类号： G01R33/12 ,  G01R27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/82

摘要： Damage and usage conditions in the vicinity of fasteners in joined structures are nondestructively evaluated using the fasteners themselves. Sensors or sensor conductors are embedded in the fasteners or integrated within the fastener construct, either in the clearance gap between the fastener and the structure material or as an insert inside the shaft or pin of the fastener. The response of the material to an interrogating magnetic or electric field is then measured with drive and sense electrodes both incorporated into the fastener or with either drive or sense electrodes external to the fastener on the material surface. In another configuration, an electric current is applied to one or more fasteners and the electric potential is measured at locations typically between the driven electrodes applying the current. The potential is measured circumferentially around the fastener at locations on the material surface or across pairs of fasteners throughout or along the joint. The voltage or potential measurement electrodes may be collinear with the drive electrodes. State sensitive material layers can be added either to the fastener or the test material layers in order to enhance observability of the test material condition, such as the presence of a crack, mechanical stress, delamination, or disbond.

摘要翻译： 使用紧固件本身对接合结构中紧固件附近的损坏和使用条件进行非破坏性评估。 传感器或传感器导体嵌入到紧固件中或整合在紧固件结构内，无论是在紧固件和结构材料之间的间隙中，或者作为紧固件的轴或销内的插入件。 然后测量材料对询问磁场或电场的响应，其中驱动和感测电极两者并入到紧固件中，或者与材料表面上的紧固件外部的驱动或感测电极结合。 在另一种配置中，电流被施加到一个或多个紧固件，并且在通常在施加电流的驱动电极之间的位置处测量电位。 在整个或沿着接头的材料表面上或穿过成对的紧固件的位置周围围绕紧固件测量电位。 电压或电位测量电极可与驱动电极共线。 可以将状态敏感材料层添加到紧固件或测试材料层中，以便增强测试材料状况的可观察性，例如存在裂纹，机械应力，分层或脱粘。

公开(公告)号：US08494810B2

公开(公告)日：2013-07-23

申请号：US12795538

申请日：2010-06-07

申请人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Vladimir A. Zilberstein ,  David C. Grundy ,  Robert J. Lyons ,  David A. Jablonski ,  Floyd W. Spencer

发明人： Neil J. Goldfine ,  Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Vladimir A. Zilberstein ,  David C. Grundy ,  Robert J. Lyons ,  David A. Jablonski ,  Floyd W. Spencer

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G07C3/00 ,  G01N2203/0212

摘要： A framework for adaptively managing the life of components. A sensor provides non-destructive test data obtained from inspecting a component. The inspection data may be filtered using reference signatures and by subtracting a baseline. The filtered inspection data and other inspection data for the component is analyzed to locate flaws and estimate the current condition of the component. The current condition may then be used to predict the component's condition at a future time or to predict a future time at which the component's condition will have deteriorated to a certain level. A current condition may be input to a precomputed database to look up the future condition or time. The future condition or time is described by a probability distribution which may be used to assess the risk of component failure. The assessed risk may be used to determine whether the part should continue in service, be replaced or repaired. A hyperlattice database is used with a rapid searching method to estimate at least one material condition and one usage parameter, such as stress level for the component. The hyperlattice is also used to rapidly predict future condition, associated uncertainty and risk of failure.

摘要翻译： 自适应地管理组件的寿命的框架。 传感器提供从检查组件获得的非破坏性测试数据。 可以使用参考签名和减去基线来过滤检查数据。 分析滤波后的检查数据和其他部件检查数据，以定位缺陷并估计组件的当前状态。 然后可以使用当前条件来预测未来时间的组件状况，或者预测组件的状况将恶化到一定水平的未来时间。 当前条件可以被输入到预先计算的数据库以查找未来的状况或时间。 将来的状况或时间由概率分布描述，可用于评估组件故障的风险。 评估的风险可用于确定部件是否应该继续使用，更换或修理。 使用超晶格数据库与快速搜索方法来估计至少一种材料状况和一种使用参数，例如组件的应力水平。 超晶格也用于快速预测未来状况，相关不确定性和故障风险。

公开(公告)号：US20130014589A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-17

申请号：US13549875

申请日：2012-07-16

申请人： Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Neil J. Goldfine ,  Todd M. Dunford ,  Scott A. Denenberg ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrel E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Karen E. Walrath

发明人： Yanko K. Sheiretov ,  Neil J. Goldfine ,  Todd M. Dunford ,  Scott A. Denenberg ,  David C. Grundy ,  Darrel E. Schlicker ,  Andrew P. Washabaugh ,  Karen E. Walrath

IPC分类号： G01B7/16

CPC分类号： G01L3/105 ,  G01L1/125 ,  G01L1/127 ,  G01L3/102 ,  G01L5/164

摘要： An apparatus for the nondestructive measurement of materials that includes at least two layers of electrical conductors. Within each layer, a meandering primary winding is used to create a magnetic field for interrogating a test material while sense elements or conducting loops within each meander provide a directional measurement of the test material condition. In successive layers extended portions of the meanders are rotated so that the sense elements provide material condition in different orientations without requiring movement of the test circuit or apparatus. Multidirectional permeability measurements are used to assess the stress or torque on a component. These measurements are combined in a manner that removes temperature effects and hysteresis on the property measurements. This can be accomplished through a correction factor that accounts for the temperature dependence.

摘要翻译： 一种用于对包括至少两层电导体的材料的非破坏性测量的装置。 在每个层内，使用曲折的初级绕组来产生用于询问测试材料的磁场，同时每个曲折内的感测元件或导电回路提供测试材料状况的定向测量。 在连续的层中，蜿蜒的延伸部分被旋转，使得感测元件以不同的取向提供材料状态，而不需要测试电路或设备的移动。 多向磁导率测量用于评估组件上的应力或扭矩。 这些测量结合在一起，可以消除属性测量的温度影响和滞后。 这可以通过考虑温度依赖性的校正因子来实现。