公开(公告)号：US06245304B1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-12

申请号：US09180190

申请日：1998-11-17

申请人： Albert Edward Jansen ,  Rob Klaassen ,  Jan Willem Van Heuven

发明人： Albert Edward Jansen ,  Rob Klaassen ,  Jan Willem Van Heuven

IPC分类号： B01J404

CPC分类号： B01J10/007 ,  B01J8/22

摘要： A reactor for carrying out gas/liquid/solid phase reactions, comprises a housing (1) which encloses an essentially closed reaction chamber (2) for holding a first liquid phase, the solid phase and a gas phase fed through the chamber; at least one feed (3), connected to the reaction chamber, for feeding a first liquid phase to the reaction chamber (2); at least one hollow fiber (4), the wall of which defines an internal flow channel for at least removing a second liquid phase, such that exchange of matter can take place between the reaction chamber (2) and the flow channel through the wall of hollow fiber (4); at least one discharge (6), connected to the flow channel, for removing the second liquid phase; at least one gas inlet (7) and at least one gas outlet (8), connected to reaction chamber (2) such that, in the use position, the at least one gas inlet (7) opens essentially into the bottom of the reaction chamber (2) and the at least one gas outlet (8) is located essentially at the top of the reaction chamber (2), for feeding the gas phase essentially in the upward direction through the reaction chamber (2). The invention further relates to a method for carrying out gas/liquid/solid phase reactions, using the above reactor. The hollow fibers are preferably of a ceramic material. The reactor is preferably a DAM module and/or suitable for use at elevated temperature and pressure.

摘要翻译： 用于进行气/液/固相反应的反应器包括壳体（1），其包围用于保持第一液相的基本上闭合的反应室（2），所述固相和通过所述室的气相; 连接到反应室的至少一个进料（3），用于将第一液相进料到反应室（2）中; 至少一个中空纤维（4），其壁限定用于至少去除第二液相的内部流动通道，使得物质交换可以在反应室（2）和穿过反应室 中空纤维（4）; 连接到所述流动通道的至少一个排出口（6），用于去除所述第二液相; 连接到反应室（2）的至少一个气体入口（7）和至少一个气体出口（8），使得在使用位置，所述至少一个气体入口（7）基本上开启到反应的底部 室（2）和至少一个气体出口（8）基本上位于反应室（2）的顶部，用于将气相基本上沿向上的方向输送通过反应室（2）。 本发明还涉及使用上述反应器进行气/液/固相反应的方法。 中空纤维优选为陶瓷材料。 反应器优选为DAM模块和/或适合在升高的温度和压力下使用。

公开(公告)号：US06716355B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-06

申请号：US09979893

申请日：2002-03-13

申请人： Jan Hendrik Hanemaaijer ,  Jan Willem Van Heuven

发明人： Jan Hendrik Hanemaaijer ,  Jan Willem Van Heuven

IPC分类号： B01D6136

CPC分类号： B01D61/364 ,  B01D63/026 ,  B01D63/043 ,  B01D2319/06 ,  C02F1/448 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  Y02A20/128 ,  Y02A20/131

摘要： The following process steps are carried out in order to purify a liquid by membrane distillation, in particular to produce desalinated water from seawater or brackish water or process water: passing a relatively warn vaporising stream of liquid (retentate stream) over a porous membrane, vapour flowing via the pores of the membrane to the other side of said membrane, and condensing said vapour on a relatively cool condenser surface to give a distillate stream, said condenser surface forming the non-porous separation between a feed stream to be purified and said distillate steam, which feed stream is in counter-current with the retentate stream so that an appreciable proportion of the latent heat will be transferred via vapour to the feed stream, and a gas gap with a width of less than 5 mm being present between the porous membrane and the condenser surface. In order to improve the distillate flow rate per unit driving force, a pressure which is lower than the atmospheric pressure and higher than the vapor pressure of the feed stream is maintained in the gas gap, the porosity &egr; of the porous membrane is higher than 0.7, porosity being understood to be the ratio of the open volume to the total volume of the porous membrane, the surface area of the condenser surface is 1.2 to 6 times, preferably 2 to 3 times, the surface area of the porous membrane, the effective local vapour pressure difference between the retentate seam and the condensing stream is less than 10 kPa (0.1 bar), preferably less than 5 kPa (0.05 bar) and the perceptible heat of the distillate stream is released by heat exchange to the feed stream and/or the retentate stream, with preference for the retentate stream.

摘要翻译： 进行以下处理步骤以通过膜蒸馏来净化液体，特别是从海水或微咸水或工艺用水中产生脱盐水：通过相对警告的蒸气流（滞留物流）在多孔膜上，蒸气 通过膜的孔流动到所述膜的另一侧，并将所述蒸气冷凝在相对较冷的冷凝器表面上以产生馏出物流，所述冷凝器表面形成待净化的进料流和所述蒸馏蒸汽之间的无孔分离 ，所述进料流与滞留物流逆流，使得相当大比例的潜热将通过蒸气转移到进料流中，并且宽度小于5mm的气隙存在于多孔膜 和冷凝器表面。为了提高每单位驱动力的馏出物流量，低于大气压的压力 r比进料流的蒸汽压力保持在气隙中，多孔膜的孔隙率ε高于0.7，孔隙率被理解为开孔体积与多孔膜的总体积之比，表面 冷凝器表面的面积为多孔膜的表面积的1.2〜6倍，优选为2〜3倍，滞留层和冷凝流之间的有效局部蒸气压差小于10kPa（0.1巴），优选 小于5kPa（0.05巴），并且通过与进料流和/或滞留物流热交换来释放馏出物流的可感知的热量，优选滞留物流。