公开(公告)号：US5780759A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

申请号：US574590

申请日：1995-12-19

申请人： Andreas Szalay

发明人： Andreas Szalay

IPC分类号： G01R23/02 ,  G10H1/00 ,  G10H3/12 ,  G10L25/90 ,  G10G7/02

CPC分类号： G10H3/125 ,  G10H2210/066 ,  Y10S84/18

摘要： A method is specified for pitch recognition, in particular for musical instruments which are excited by plucking or striking, in the case of which method the interval between zero crossings of a signal waveform of an audio signal is used as a measure for the period length of the audio signal. Reliable pitch recognition is intended to be possible in a simple manner using such a method. The method is intended to be capable of being implemented with a low level of computation power. To this end, the magnitude of the gradient of the signal waveform is in each case determined in the region of its zero crossings, and the magnitude of the gradient is used as an assessment criterion for the selection of the zero crossings to be evaluated.

摘要翻译： 指定音调识别的方法，特别是对于被拔除或敲击而激励的乐器，在这种情况下，音频信号的信号波形的过零之间的间隔被用作时间长度的度量 音频信号。 使用这种方法可以以简单的方式来实现可靠的音调识别。 该方法旨在能够以低水平的计算能力实现。 为此，信号波形的梯度的大小在每个情况下都在其过零点的区域中确定，并且梯度的大小被用作用于选择待评估的过零点的评估标准。

公开(公告)号：US5942709A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-24

申请号：US813549

申请日：1997-03-07

申请人： Andreas Szalay

发明人： Andreas Szalay

IPC分类号： G10H1/00 ,  G10H1/057 ,  G10H1/12 ,  G10H3/12 ,  G10H3/18

CPC分类号： G10H1/12 ,  G10H1/0058 ,  G10H3/125 ,  G10H3/188 ,  G10H2210/066 ,  Y10S84/09

摘要： An audio apparatus extracts information of a musical performance from an acoustic signal having a frequency and an amplitude, which time-vary during the musical performance. In the audio apparatus, a filtering device has a plurality of filters which are set with different cutoff frequencies so as to pass different frequency ranges of the acoustic signal. A pitch detecting device is connected to the filtering device for processing the acoustic signal to detect therefrom a pitch. A controlling device operates according to the detected pitch fed back from the pitch detecting device for selecting one of the filters set with one of the different cutoff frequencies adapted to the pitch of the acoustic signal so that the pitch detecting device can detect the pitch based on the acoustic signal filtered by the selected filter. Further, the envelope detecting device has a plurality of envelope followers corresponding to the plurality of the filters. Each envelope follower processes the acoustic signal to extract therefrom an envelope representing a time-variation of the amplitude of the acoustic signal and containing an upward portion and a downward portion such that each envelope follower forms the downward portion by a given slope which matches the frequency range of the corresponding filter.

摘要翻译： 音频装置从具有频率和振幅的声信号中提取音乐表演的信息，音乐表演中时间变化。 在音频装置中，滤波装置具有设置有不同截止频率的多个滤波器，以便通过声信号的不同频率范围。 音调检测装置连接到滤波装置，用于处理声信号以从中检测音调。 控制装置根据从音调检测装置反馈的检测到的音调进行操作，用于选择一个滤波器，其中一个滤波器设置有适合于声信号音调的不同截止频率中的一个，使得音调检测装置可以基于 由所选滤波器滤波的声信号。 此外，包络检测装置具有与多个滤色器对应的多个包络随机。 每个包络跟随器处理声信号以从其中提取一个表示声信号幅度的时间变化的包络，并包含一个向上部分和一个向下部分，使得每个包络跟随器形成向下部分一个给定的斜率，该斜率与频率 范围相应的过滤器。

公开(公告)号：US5717155A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-10

申请号：US662474

申请日：1996-06-13

申请人： Andreas Szalay

发明人： Andreas Szalay

IPC分类号： G10H1/00 ,  G10H3/12 ,  G10H3/18 ,  G10H1/057 ,  G10H1/06

CPC分类号： G10H3/125 ,  G10H3/188 ,  G10H2210/066 ,  G10H2210/225 ,  G10H2210/331 ,  G10H2240/056 ,  G10H2250/311 ,  G10H2250/625

摘要： In an electronic musical apparatus having an acoustic instrument manually operable to commence an acoustic vibration and a tone generator responsive to the acoustic vibration to generate a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to that of the acoustic vibration, a pitch detecting device utilizes a pickup for picking up the acoustic vibration to convert the same into a waveform signal. Further, a first detector operates according to a fast algorithm for processing the waveform signal so as responsively produce a first output representative of the pitch of the acoustic vibration, and a second detector operates in parallel to the first detector for processing the same waveform signal according to a slow algorithm so as to stably produce a second output representative of the pitch of the acoustic vibration. A selector selectively feeds one of the first output and the second output to the tone generator so that the first detector and the second detector can cooperate to ensure responsive and stable detection of the pitch. An additional detector processes the waveform signal to measure a time interval between a pair of the peaks so as to detect a plucking point. A controller controls the tone generator according to the detected plucking point to change the timbre of the tone generator.

摘要翻译： 在具有手动操作以开始声振动的声学仪器的电子乐器和响应于声振动的乐音发生器产生具有与声音振动相对应的音高的乐音，音调检测装置利用拾音器拾取 提高声音振动，将其转换为波形信号。 此外，第一检测器根据用于处理波形信号的快速算法进行操作，以便响应地产生表示声振动的音调的第一输出，并且第二检测器与第一检测器并联操作，以根据 以缓慢的算法，以便稳定地产生代表声振动的音调的第二输出。 选择器选择性地将第一输出和第二输出中的一个输入到音调发生器，使得第一检测器和第二检测器可以协作以确保对音调的响应和稳定的检测。 附加的检测器处理波形信号以测量一对峰之间的时间间隔，以便检测拔除点。 控制器根据检测到的采摘点控制乐音发生器，以改变乐音发生器的音色。

公开(公告)号：US5929360A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

申请号：US978218

申请日：1997-11-25

申请人： Andreas Szalay

发明人： Andreas Szalay

IPC分类号： G01R23/00 ,  G10H1/00 ,  G10H3/12 ,  G10H3/18

CPC分类号： G10H3/125 ,  G10H3/188 ,  G10H2210/066 ,  G10H2250/311 ,  Y10S84/24

摘要： There is provided a method of determining the pitch in string instruments that are excited by plucking or striking, wherein a vibration of a string is converted by a transducer into an electrical signal and the electrical signal is evaluated.Up to now, the transducers have primarily been electromagnetic transducers for which a plurality of evaluation algorithms and methods are available. Now however, one also wants to be able to use pressure transducers without having to use new evaluation algorithms and methods.To this end, a pressure transducer is used as the transducer and the electrical signal is subjected to differentiation with respect to time.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种通过拔除或敲击来激励弦乐器中的音调的方法，其中弦的振动由换能器转换成电信号并评估电信号。 到目前为止，传感器主要是电磁换能器，其中有许多评估算法和方法可用。 然而，现在还想要使用压力传感器，而不必使用新的评估算法和方法。 为此，使用压力传感器作为换能器，电信号相对于时间进行微分。

公开(公告)号：US5824937A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

申请号：US624528

申请日：1996-04-11

申请人： Andreas Szalay

发明人： Andreas Szalay

IPC分类号： G10H1/00 ,  G10H3/12 ,  G10H3/18

CPC分类号： G10H3/188 ,  G10H3/125 ,  G10H2210/066 ,  G10H2250/311

摘要： A signal analysis device for determining the pitch of a plucked string in which propagation times of plucking transients are evaluated to determine pitch. A neural network may be employed to perform evaluation based upon groups of pulses.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 03917 Sec。 371日期：1996年4月11日 102（e）日期1996年4月11日PCT 1994年11月26日PCT公布。 WO95 / 16984 PCT出版物 日期：1995年6月22日用于确定拔出弦的传播时间的拔出弦的音高的信号分析装置，用于确定间距。 可以使用神经网络来基于脉冲组来执行评估。

公开(公告)号：US5710387A

公开(公告)日：1998-01-20

申请号：US585165

申请日：1996-01-11

申请人： Andreas Szalay

发明人： Andreas Szalay

IPC分类号： G10L11/02 ,  G10H1/00 ,  G10H1/057 ,  G10H3/12 ,  G10H3/14 ,  G10L15/04 ,  G10L15/10 ,  G10H1/02 ,  G10H5/00

CPC分类号： G10H3/125 ,  G10H1/057 ,  G10H3/12 ,  G10H3/146

摘要： A method is specified for recognition of the start of a note in the case of percussion or plucked musical instruments, in the case of which an envelope curve following function is formed from an audio signal, a comparison variable is formed from a current value of the envelope curve following function and a predecessor value corresponding to an earlier value, and the start of a note is defined at a point in time at which the comparison value exceeds a threshold value.

摘要翻译： 指定用于在敲击乐器的情况下识别音符的开始的方法，在从音频信号形成跟随函数的包络线曲线的情况下，比较变量由 包络曲线跟随函数和对应于较早值的前导值，并且在比较值超过阈值的时间点处定义音符的开始。