摘要:
Method and apparatus for obfuscating computer software code, to protect against reverse-engineering of the code. The obfuscation here is of the part of the code that performs a Boolean logic operation such as an exclusive OR on two (or more) data variables. In the obfuscated code, each of the two variables is first modified by applying to it a function which deconstructs the value of each of the variables, and then the exclusive OR operation is replaced by an arithmetic operation such as addition, subtraction, or multiplication, which is performed on the two deconstructed variables. The non-obfuscated result is recovered by applying a third function to the value generated by the arithmetic operation. This obfuscation is typically carried out by suitably annotating (modifying) the original source code.
摘要:
First source code of a computer program having a plurality of lines of instructions is received. An obfuscation process is performed on the first source code, including at least two of a shuffling operation, a fertilizing operation, an aggregating operation, and a neutralizing operation. Second source code is generated based on the obfuscation process, where the second source code, when executed by a processor, produces an identical result as the first source code.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus that generate a plurality of elements randomly as a split representation of an input used to provide an output data cryptographically representing an input data are described. The input may correspond to a result of a combination operation on the elements. Cryptographic operations may be performed on the input data and the elements to generate a plurality of data elements without providing data correlated with the key. The combination operation may be performed on the data elements for the output data.
摘要:
First source code of a computer program having a plurality of lines of instructions is received. An obfuscation process is performed on the first source code, including at least two of a shuffling operation, a fertilizing operation, an aggregating operation, and a neutralizing operation. Second source code is generated based on the obfuscation process, where the second source code, when executed by a processor, produces an identical result as the first source code.
摘要:
In the field of computer enabled cryptography, such as a keyed block cipher having a plurality of rounds, the cipher is hardened against an attack by a protection process which obscures the cipher states and/or the round keys using the properties of group field automorphisms and applying multiplicative masks (instead of conventional XOR masks) to the states of the cipher, for encryption or decryption. This is especially advantageous in a “White Box” environment where an attacker has full access to the cipher algorithm, including the algorithm's internal state during its execution. This method and the associated computing apparatus are useful for protection against known attacks on “White Box” ciphers, by eliminating XOR operations with improved masking techniques and increasing complexity of reverse engineering and of attacks.
摘要:
In the field of computer enabled cryptography, such as a cipher using lookup tables, the cipher is hardened against an attack by a protection process which obscures the lookup tables using the properties of bijective functions and applying masks to the tables' input and output values, for encryption or decryption. This is especially advantageous in a “White Box” environment where an attacker has full access to the cipher algorithm, including the algorithm's internal state during its execution. This method and the associated computing apparatus are useful for protection against known attacks on “White Box” ciphers, by obfuscating lookup table data, thereby increasing the cipher's complexity against reverse engineering and other attacks.
摘要:
In the field of computer enabled cryptography, such as a keyed block cipher having a plurality of rounds, the cipher is hardened against an attack by protecting the cipher key by means of a key expansion process which obscures the cipher and/or the round keys by increasing their lengths to provide an expanded version of the keys for carrying out encryption or decryption using the cipher. This is especially advantageous in a “White Box” environment where an attacker has full access to the cipher algorithm, including the algorithm's internal state during its execution. This method and the associated computing apparatus are useful where the key is derived through a process and so is unknown when the software code embodying the cipher is compiled. This is typically the case where there are many users of the cipher and each has his own key, or where each user session has its own key.
摘要:
A cryptographic process (such as the AES cipher) which uses table look up operations (TLUs) is hardened against reverse engineering attacks intended to recover the table contents and thereby the cipher key. This hardening involves removing any one-to-one correspondence between the TLU inputs and outputs, by altering the output of the TLU dynamically, e.g. at each execution (call) of the TLU. This is done by increasing the size of the tables, applying a dynamically determined mask value to the table input and/or output, or using an inverse of the table.
摘要:
In the field of computer and data security, the identifier (ID) of a computing device is protected by providing a secure signature used to verify the ID. The signature is computed from the ID using a “White Box” cryptographic process and a hash function. This provides a signature that is computationally easy to verify but difficult or impossible to generate by a hacker (unauthorized user). This method of first creating the signature and later verifying the identifier using the signature and the associated computing apparatus are thereby useful for protection against hacking of such identifiers of computing devices.
摘要:
A method and an apparatus that generate a plurality of elements randomly as a split representation of an input used to provide an output data cryptographically representing an input data are described. The input may correspond to a result of a combination operation on the elements. Cryptographic operations may be performed on the input data and the elements to generate a plurality of data elements without providing data correlated with the key. The combination operation may be performed on the data elements for the output data.