公开(公告)号：US5678643A

公开(公告)日：1997-10-21

申请号：US544723

申请日：1995-10-18

申请人： Carl Arthur Robbins ,  A. J. Mallett ,  John Wesley Minear ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  James Robert Birchak ,  Eugene Joseph Linyaev

发明人： Carl Arthur Robbins ,  A. J. Mallett ,  John Wesley Minear ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  James Robert Birchak ,  Eugene Joseph Linyaev

IPC分类号： E21B7/04 ,  E21B47/022 ,  G01V1/46 ,  F21B7/00

CPC分类号： G01V1/46 ,  E21B47/02208 ,  E21B7/04

摘要： A LWD tool is disclosed for detecting the existence of and distance to adjacent bed boundaries. A transmitter assembly generates either a short acoustic pulse or a swept frequency signal that is detected by an associated receiver assembly. The received signal(s) are conditioned and converted to high precision digital signals by an A/D converter. The digitized signals are accumulated and transferred to a digital signal processor via a high speed data bus. The digital signal processor also receives a digital signal representing the transmission signal and compares the transmission signal and the received signals together to enable a downhole microprocessor to derive a time lag for the received signals. The microprocessor can transmit the time lag signal to the surface via a mud pulse for real-time control, or can operate as part of a closed loop drilling system to automatically control inclination of the drilling assembly to stay within, or to enter, a pay zone based upon the time lag associated with the received signals, and the measured speed of sound of the formation. In one embodiment, the receivers in the receiver array are steered to investigate various volume cells in the formation. A time delay is determined based on the volume cell, which is used to align and sum the received signals. The maximum sum value then is used as indicative of a bed boundary in that particular volume call.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于检测相邻床边界的存在和距离的LWD工具。 发射器组件产生由相关联的接收器组件检测到的短声脉冲或扫频信号。 所接收的信号被调节并通过A / D转换器转换成高精度的数字信号。 数字化信号通过高速数据总线累积并传送到数字信号处理器。 数字信号处理器还接收表示发送信号的数字信号，并将发送信号和接收到的信号一起进行比较，以使井下微处理器能够导出接收到的信号的时滞。 微处理器可以通过泥浆脉冲将时滞信号传输到表面，用于实时控制，或者可以作为闭环钻井系统的一部分进行操作，以自动控制钻井组件的倾斜度以保持在或进入一个工资 基于与接收信号相关联的时滞，以及测量的地层声速。 在一个实施例中，接收器阵列中的接收器被引导以研究地层中的各种体积单元。 基于用于对准和对接收到的信号进行求和的体积单元确定时间延迟。 然后，最大和值用于指示该特定体积单元中的床边界。

公开(公告)号：US5726951A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-10

申请号：US430822

申请日：1995-04-28

申请人： James Robert Birchak ,  Eugene Joseph Linyaev ,  John Wesley Minear ,  Carl Arthur Robbins ,  Bruce Mackie

发明人： James Robert Birchak ,  Eugene Joseph Linyaev ,  John Wesley Minear ,  Carl Arthur Robbins ,  Bruce Mackie

IPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G01V1/44

摘要： A standoff compensation system is disclosed for use in an acoustic LWD system. An acoustic transducer is provided to measure the standoff distance between the logging tool and the borehole wall. The present invention includes a downhole processor for determining an index value which is used to align received acoustic formation signal measurements based upon the measured standoff distance. The index value can either be calculated by the downhole processor or can be retrieved from a pre-calculated look-up table in ROM. The processor then shifts the received acoustic formation signals based upon the index value assigned to each formation signal. The aligned acoustic formation signals are stacked, so that a single acoustic formation signal can be obtained for each firing period and either stored in downhole memory, used immediately, or transmitted by telemetry to the surface. The firing of the acoustic formation transmitters occurs in a rapid firing mode, followed by a relatively long idle. The rapid firing mode further minimizes the amount of data which must be stored, while providing an idle period for aligning and stacking the received signals.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于声学LWD系统的对立补偿系统。 提供一个声学换能器来测量测井工具与钻孔壁之间的距离。 本发明包括一个井下处理器，用于根据所测量的间隔距离来确定用于对准接收的声学形成信号测量的指标值。 索引值可以由井下处理器计算，也可以从ROM中预先计算的查找表中检索。 然后，处理器基于分配给每个形成信号的索引值来移位所接收的声学形成信号。 排列的声学形成信号被堆叠，使得可以为每个点火周期获得单个声学形成信号，并且可以存储在立即使用的井下存储器中，或者通过遥测传输到表面。 声学形成发射器的发射以快速发射模式发生，随后是较长的空闲。 快速点火模式进一步最小化必须存储的数据量，同时提供用于对准和堆叠接收信号的空闲周期。

公开(公告)号：US5763773A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

申请号：US706143

申请日：1996-09-20

申请人： James Robert Birchak ,  James Wayne Stroud ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  John Wesley Minear

发明人： James Robert Birchak ,  James Wayne Stroud ,  Batakrishna Mandal ,  John Wesley Minear

IPC分类号： E21B47/00 ,  E21B47/01 ,  G01V1/44 ,  G01V1/52 ,  G01V1/46

CPC分类号： G01V1/44 ,  E21B47/0005 ,  E21B47/01

摘要： A multi-part logging tool that allows measurement of several distinct independent parameters, which are in turn used to solve for secondary parameters that give information about the properties of the cement outside the casing. Secondary parameters affecting the measured signals are: casing thickness, bond of cement to casing, cement acoustic impedance, cement thickness, channel size and channel material. The present invention comprises a rotating tool that supports a plurality of specifically configured transducers that interrogate a region behind casing having a 10 degree azimuthal resolution and a depth of investigation of at least 0.75 inches behind casing. The transducers on the rotating tool include an array of angled beam transducers, a single-housing pitch-catch transducer and a radial, pulse echo transducer.

摘要翻译： 一种多部分测井工具，可以测量几个不同的独立参数，这些参数又用于解决二次参数，从而提供有关壳体外部水泥属性的信息。 影响测量信号的二次参数是：套管厚度，水泥与套管的粘结，水泥声阻抗，水泥厚度，通道尺寸和通道材料。 本发明包括旋转工具，其支撑多个具体构造的换能器，其询问壳体后方的区域，其具有10度方位角分辨率和在套管后方至少0.75英寸的调查深度。 旋转工具上的传感器包括倾斜光束传感器阵列，单壳体俯仰捕获传感器和径向脉冲回波传感器。