公开(公告)号：US06563846B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09656580

申请日：2000-09-06

Applicant: Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Niraj Gupta

Inventor： Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Niraj Gupta

IPC: H01S313

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04B10/1149 ,  H04B10/504 ,  H04B10/564 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0018 ,  H04Q2011/0024

Abstract: For optical transmitters in DWDM network systems, a method of operating the semiconductor laser which provides the output of the optical transmitter. The output power and wavelength of the semiconductor laser is set by controlling the bias current and operating temperature according to a closed theoretical mathematical form. The form has the variables of output power, wavelength, bias current and temperature related to each other by empirically determined coefficients. In this manner the optical transmitter can efficiently vary its output power while maintaining its wavelength constant, or vary its wavelength while maintaining its output power constant.

Abstract translation: 对于DWDM网络系统中的光发射机，一种操作提供光发射机输出的半导体激光器的方法。 通过根据封闭的理论数学形式控制偏置电流和工作温度来设定半导体激光器的输出功率和波长。 该形式具有通过经验确定的系数彼此相关的输出功率，波长，偏置电流和温度的变量。 以这种方式，光发射机可以有效地改变其输出功率，同时保持其波长恒定，或者改变其波长，同时保持其输出功率恒定。

公开(公告)号：US06369923B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-09

申请号：US09641037

申请日：2000-08-16

Applicant: Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Tai S. Chen ,  Niraj Gupta

Inventor： Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Tai S. Chen ,  Niraj Gupta

IPC: H04J1402

CPC classification number: H04B10/564 ,  H04B10/504 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0018 ,  H04Q2011/0024

Abstract: The present invention provides for an optical transmission system for generating light signals at a plurality of predetermined wavelengths on an output fiber. The system has a plurality of modulated laser sources coupled to the output fiber and a feedback loop connected to the output fiber. The feedback loop includes a first subloop which generates electrical signals indicative of a total amount of light carried on the output fiber, and a second subloop which generates electrical signals indicative of an amount of light carried on the output fiber at the predetermined wavelengths. A control unit coupled to the plurality of laser sources receives the electrical signals from the first and second subloops and adjusts the laser source output wavelengths so that the output of each laser source is centered at one of the predetermined wavelengths. A comb filter is in the second subloop for transmitting light signals at the predetermined wavelengths.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于在输出光纤上产生多个预定波长的光信号的光传输系统。 该系统具有耦合到输出光纤的多个调制激光源和连接到输出光纤的反馈回路。 反馈回路包括产生指示输出光纤上携带的光的总量的电信号的第一子环，以及产生指示在预定波长上输出光纤上承载的光量的电信号的第二子环。 耦合到多个激光源的控制单元接收来自第一和第二子环的电信号，并且调节激光源输出波长，使得每个激光源的输出以预定波长中的一个为中心。 第二子环中的梳状滤波器用于以预定波长传输光信号。

公开(公告)号：US06222861B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-24

申请号：US09145927

申请日：1998-09-03

Applicant: Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Niraj Gupta

Inventor： Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Niraj Gupta

IPC: H01S310

CPC classification number: H04B10/505 ,  H01S5/0687 ,  H04B10/506 ,  H04B10/572

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the wavelength of a laser. Initially, the wavelength of the laser is coarsely tuned to within a predetermined window around a specified wavelength. After coarse adjustment, a wavelength control loop is activated to finely tune and lock the laser wavelength. In an embodiment, the control loop dithers the wavelength of the optical carrier signal from the laser. The optical carrier signal is then modulated (i.e., with data) in the normal manner. A portion of the modulated optical signal is filtered and detected. The amplitude and phase of the detected signal, which comprises the error signal, is processed and averaged. The averaged signal is then summed with a dither signal to provide a composite signal. A control signal corresponding to the composite signal is then generated and used to adjust the laser wavelength.

Abstract translation: 一种用于控制激光波长的方法和装置。 最初，将激光的波长粗略地调整到围绕特定波长的预定窗口内。 在粗调之后，激活波长控制环以微调和锁定激光波长。 在一个实施例中，控制环路使来自激光器的光载波信号的波长抖动。 然后以正常方式调制光载波信号（即，用数据）。 调制光信号的一部分被滤波和检测。 包括误差信号的检测信号的振幅和相位被处理并平均。 然后将平均信号与抖动信号相加以提供复合信号。 然后产生对应于复合信号的控制信号并用于调整激光波长。

公开(公告)号：US06493119B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-10

申请号：US09648518

申请日：2000-08-25

Applicant: Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Niraj Gupta ,  Ronald Garrison

Inventor： Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Niraj Gupta ,  Ronald Garrison

IPC: H04B1020

CPC classification number: H04B10/1149 ,  H04B10/504 ,  H04B10/564 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0018 ,  H04Q2011/0024

Abstract: A network switch connecting N input optical fibers and N output optical fibers, each optical fiber carrying M wavelength channels. The network switch has a control unit, a plurality of demultiplexers connected to the input output optical fibers, a plurality of tunable channel units, a switch fabric and a plurality of combiners connected to the output optical fibers. The demultiplexers and tunable channel units provide the wavelength routing function and the switch fabric, which has M×N2 switch points, switches signals from input optical fiber to output fiber so that the switch can switch signals from one wavelength channel to another and from one input optical fiber to one or more output optical fibers of the optical network. The switch fabric is formed from a plurality of switch modules, one switch module for each incoming wavelength channel. The switch modules are also formed from partitionable arrangements of switch elements and combiners so that the switch fabric and switch can be scaled up and reconfigured on an “as needed” basis.

Abstract translation: 一个网络交换机连接N个输入​​光纤和N个输出光纤，每个光纤承载M个波长信道。 网络交换机具有控制单元，连接到输入输出光纤的多个解复用器，多个可调谐通道单元，交换结构和连接到输出光纤的多个组合器。 解复用器和可调谐信道单元提供波长路由功能，具有MxN2切换点的交换结构将信号从输入光纤切换到输出光纤，使得交换机可以将信号从一个波长信道切换到另一个波长信道，并从一个输入光纤 到光网络的一个或多个输出光纤。 交换结构由多个开关模块形成，一个用于每个输入波长通道的开关模块。 交换机模块也由开关元件和组合器的可分割布置形成，使得交换结构和交换机可以在“根据需要”的基础上进行放大和重新配置。

公开(公告)号：US20170366881A1

公开(公告)日：2017-12-21

申请号：US15625992

申请日：2017-06-16

Applicant: Chien-Yu Kuo

Inventor： Chien-Yu Kuo

IPC: H04Q11/00 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04J14/02

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  H04B10/572 ,  H04Q2011/0015 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0018 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0037 ,  H04Q2011/005

Abstract: A method for creating a hybrid electric and optical data center network is provided with a plurality of servers, a plurality of ToR/EoR switches, and an optical central switch. Each of the plurality servers maintains an electronic connection with a corresponding ToR/EoR switch from the plurality of switches. The plurality of ToR/EoR switches is interconnected to each other electronically and optically. The optical central switch in conjunction with a plurality of tunable transceivers allows a signal originating from any of the plurality of the servers, to traverse the data center network to reach any destination server. To do so, wavelength switching takes place via the plurality of transceivers at each of the ToR/EoR switches. Simultaneously, space switching takes place within the center switch. By utilizing the method, intra data center bandwidth is optimized and the network the method is utilized in is non-blocking.

公开(公告)号：US5828477A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-27

申请号：US559057

申请日：1995-11-16

Applicant: Alan C. Nilsson ,  Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Joseph Kleefeld ,  Charles H. Gall ,  Alfred Nicholson Riddle ,  Harry Chou

Inventor： Alan C. Nilsson ,  Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Joseph Kleefeld ,  Charles H. Gall ,  Alfred Nicholson Riddle ,  Harry Chou

IPC: H04B10/18 ,  H04B10/04

CPC classification number: H04B10/2537

Abstract: An optical transmission system enables launching at least 17 dBm of optical power at 1550 nm wavelength into an e.g. 50 km long span of standard telecommunications single-mode optical fiber, without incurring unacceptable penalties from stimulated Brillouin scattering, damage to optical phase modulators from excessive drive power or thermal effects, or signal degradations caused by the SBS suppression. High frequency modulation of the laser drive current is combined with lower frequency modulation of the phase of the laser output light that is itself varied over a range of approximately 25 MHz. This two tone modulation raises the SBS threshold to greater than 17 dBm in the 1550 nm wavelength region when the laser has a line width less than 10 MHz, under cw operation. By thereby dividing the task of spectral partitioning between the laser and the phase modulator, the RF input power level to the phase modulator is manageable and the laser operates in a regime that does not cause clipping.

Abstract translation: 光传输系统使得能够在1550nm波长处发射至少17dBm的光功率到例如。 50公里长的标准电信单模光纤，不会受到受激布里渊散射的不可接受的惩罚，由过大的驱动功率或热效应引起的光相位调制器的损坏，或由SBS抑制引起的信号衰减。 激光驱动电流的高频调制与激光输出光的相位的较低频率调制相结合，其本身在大约25MHz的范围内变化。 这种双调制调制在1550nm波长区域中将SBS阈值提高到大于17dBm，当激光器的线宽小于10MHz时，在cw操作下。 通过划分激光器和相位调制器之间的光谱分割任务，到相位调制器的RF输入功率电平是可管理的，并且激光器在不引起限幅的状态下操作。

公开(公告)号：US5418637A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-23

申请号：US243610

申请日：1994-05-16

Applicant: Chien-Yu Kuo

Inventor： Chien-Yu Kuo

IPC: H04B10/02 ,  H04B3/06 ,  H04B10/155 ,  H04B10/18 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04B10/00 ,  H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/06

CPC classification number: H04B10/58 ,  H04B10/503 ,  H04B10/504 ,  H04B3/06 ,  H04B2210/252 ,  H04B2210/254 ,  H04J14/0298

Abstract: A cascaded distortion compensation arrangement is disclosed which utilizes a plurality of pre-distortion components disposed in a series arrangement at the input to the transmitter and a plurality of post-distortion components disposed in a series arrangement at the output of the receiver. The various components may be modified, added and/or deleted to provide an arrangement suitable for the particular system.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种级联失真补偿装置，其利用在发射机的输入处布置在串联装置中的多个预失真部件和在接收器的输出处以串联布置设置的多个后失真部件。 可以修改，添加和/或删除各种组件以提供适合于特定系统的布置。

公开(公告)号：US5424680A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-13

申请号：US162405

申请日：1993-11-30

Applicant: Moshe Nazarathy ,  Charles H. Gall ,  Chien-Yu Kuo

Inventor： Moshe Nazarathy ,  Charles H. Gall ,  Chien-Yu Kuo

IPC: H03F1/32

CPC classification number: H03F1/3258 ,  H03F1/3252 ,  H03F1/3276 ,  H04B10/25133

Abstract: A generalized frequency dependent predistortion circuit for nonlinear optic devices such as semiconductor lasers and light emitting diodes includes a pre-filter and post-filter associated with a linearizer (distorter). A multi-channel sub-carrier electrical signal is input to a splitter which provides on a primary path a signal to a time delay and hence to a coupler to the secondary paths. In the first secondary path, a pre-filter provides a signal to a second order distorter. This signal is then subject to a post-filter and then to a variable attenuator. In the second secondary path, a third order distorter again has an associated pre-filter and post-filter with a variable attenuator downstream of the post-filter. The variable attenuators in each path provide frequency independent attenuation. In one version the distorters in both paths are nonlinear diode circuits. The second secondary path provides very low fundamental leak-through. The pre- and post-filters are of similar design with differing component values, each filter being an integral equalizing filter which arbitrarily manipulates phase and amplitude in a frequency dependent fashion. Each is a synthesized filter tuned or built to a specific complex frequency-dependent profile to linearize a particular individual laser unit.

Abstract translation: 用于诸如半导体激光器和发光二极管的非线性光学器件的广义频率相关预失真电路包括与线性化器（变压器）相关联的预滤波器和后置滤波器。 多通道副载波电信号被输入到分路器，该分路器在主路径上提供信号到时间延迟，从而向次路径提供耦合器。 在第一次要路径中，预过滤器向第二级路由器提供信号。 然后，该信号经过后置滤波器，然后进入可变衰减器。 在第二次路径中，第三阶变阻器再次具有与后置滤波器下游的可变衰减器相关联的预滤波器和后置滤波器。 每个路径中的可变衰减器提供频率无关的衰减。 在一个版本中，两个路径中的变换器都是非线性二极管电路。 第二个次要路径提供了非常低的基本渗透。 前置滤波器和后置滤波器具有不同分量值的相似设计，每个滤波器是以频率依赖的方式任意地操纵相位和振幅的积分均衡滤波器。 每个都是调谐或构建为特定复频率相关曲线的合成滤波器，以使特定的单个激光单元线性化。

公开(公告)号：US20080031621A1

公开(公告)日：2008-02-07

申请号：US11828595

申请日：2007-07-26

Applicant: Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Wangsheng Zhang ,  Yu-Yun Shih ,  Chau-Hong Kuo

Inventor： Chien-Yu Kuo ,  Wangsheng Zhang ,  Yu-Yun Shih ,  Chau-Hong Kuo

IPC: H04B10/08

CPC classification number: H04J14/0221 ,  H04B10/2537 ,  H04B10/25751

Abstract: An optical transmission system and method may control optical signal transmission in an optical network, such as a passive optical network (PON), to reduce degradation of one or more optical signals traveling over the same optical waveguide. In particular, optical signal transmission may be controlled to reduce carrier to noise ratio (CNR) degradation of an optical signal (e.g., a multichannel video signal) resulting from the effects of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and/or double Rayleigh backscattering (DRBS). The CNR degradation may be reduced by controlling transmission of one or more of a plurality of optical signals in the optical network based on various parameters affecting the contribution to CNR degradation by SRS and/or DRBS and affecting the performance of the optical transmission system. The optical signal transmission may be controlled by adjusting a preemphasis and/or transmitted power of the optical signal(s).

Abstract translation: 光传输系统和方法可以控制诸如无源光网络（PON）的光网络中的光信号传输，以减少在同一光波导上行进的一个或多个光信号的劣化。 特别地，可以控制光信号传输以减少由受激拉曼散射（SRS）和/或双瑞利后向散射（DRBS）的影响导致的光信号（例如，多通道视频信号）的载噪比（CNR）劣化 ）。 可以通过基于影响SRS和/或DRBS对CNR退化的影响并影响光传输系统的性能的各种参数来控制光网络中的多个光信号中的一个或多个光信号的传输来降低CNR劣化。 可以通过调整光信号的预加重和/或发射功率来控制光信号传输。

公开(公告)号：US5940196A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-17

申请号：US858067

申请日：1997-05-16

Applicant: David Piehler ,  Xingyu Zou ,  Alan C. Nilsson ,  Chien-Yu Kuo

Inventor： David Piehler ,  Xingyu Zou ,  Alan C. Nilsson ,  Chien-Yu Kuo

IPC: H04J14/02

CPC classification number: H04J14/02 ,  H04B10/50 ,  H04J14/0298

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) in an optical fiber transmission system launches analog signals, for instance a multi-channel television signal. The WDM enhances signal quality by transmitting along a single fiber two different optical wavelength signals, each carrying identical RF information. This results in a 3 dB improvement in carrier to noise ratio. The WDM combines two or more wavelengths centered around for instance 1550 nm or 1310 nm. A typical difference between the two wavelengths is 3 nm. In other embodiments, more than two wavelengths are used. The receiver is for instance a single photosensitive element. The phase of the two RF signals is adjusted in the optical or RF domain to be the same upon arrival at the receiver. In other embodiments, the receiver includes two photosensitive elements, each receiving from a receiver end WDM a single wavelength. In this case, the phase adjustment may be applied at the receiver in the optical or RF domain.

Abstract translation: 光纤传输系统中的波分多路复用器（WDM）发射模拟信号，例如多声道电视信号。 WDM通过沿着单个光纤传输两个不同的光波长信号来提高信号质量，每个光波长信号携带相同的RF信息。 这导致载波噪声比提高了3 dB。 WDM组合了两个或多个以1550nm或1310nm为中心的波长。 两个波长之间的典型差异是3nm。 在其他实施例中，使用两个以上的波长。 接收器例如是单个感光元件。 在到达接收机时，两个RF信号的相位在光或RF域中被调整为相同。 在其他实施例中，接收机包括两个光敏元件，每个光敏元件从接收器端WDM接收单个波长。 在这种情况下，相位调整可以应用在光或RF域中的接收器处。