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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5362413A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-08
申请号：US640741
申请日：1991-01-14
CPC分类号： C11D1/72 , C11D17/00 , C11D17/0004 , C11D17/041 , C11D17/043 , C11D17/044
摘要： The invention provides novel low temperature detergent mull compositions comprising:A detergent composition which comprises (a) solid builder, (b) liquid surfactant and, optionally, (c) one or more adjuncts, in the form of a low-temperature wash water dispersible, phase stable mull whose solid phase consists essentially of particulate solid builder having an average particle size greater than 10 microns and whose liquid phase consists essentially of at least one non-ionic surfactant, wherein said liquid phase has a pour point of less than 75.degree. F., thereby rendering said mull readily dispersible in cold wash water, and wherein said mull is rendered phase stable by the presence thereby of (i) a weight percent amount of said particulate builder which exceeds the weight percent of said liquid nonionic surfactant, or (ii) 0.1% to 5% by weight of the mull of added water, or (iii) both.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了新的低温洗涤剂毛组合物，其包含：洗涤剂组合物，其包含（a）固体助洗剂，（b）液体表面活性剂和任选的（c）一种或多种助洗剂，其形式为低温洗涤水分散体 相稳定体，其固相基本上由平均粒度大于10微米的颗粒状固体助洗剂组成，其液相基本上由至少一种非离子表面活性剂组成，其中所述液相的倾点小于75℃ 从而使所述毛粒容易分散在冷的洗涤水中，并且其中所述的乳液通过存在从而相变而稳定，（i）超过所述液体非离子表面活性剂的重量百分比的所述颗粒助洗剂的重量百分数，或 （ii）0.1％至5％重量的加入的水，或（iii）两者。
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公开(公告)号：US4751016A
公开(公告)日：1988-06-14
申请号：US942664
申请日：1986-12-17
CPC分类号： C11D17/0013
摘要： The invention provides a homogenous, reduced scratching, liquid abrasive scouring cleanser comprising:(1) about 10-90% by weight scouring abrasive particles with a Mohs hardness of about 2 to 4, wherein a triple tiered weight distribution of said particles comprises(a) about 20-99% of the weight of said particles being particles having a diameter of greater than about 100 microns;(b) about 5-50% of the weight of said particles being particles having a diameter greater than abut 250 microns; and(c) about 0-30% of the weight of said particles being particles having a diameter greater than 300 microns;(2) a soil removal and suspension effective amount of a surfactant system comprising a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants; and(3) the remainder, water.Standard adjuncts known to those skilled in the art, namely buffers, colorants, fragrances, thickeners, viscosity modifiers and further surfactants can be added to these cleansers.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种均匀的，减少刮擦的液体磨料擦洗清洁剂，其包括：（1）约10-90重量％的摩尔硬度为约2至4的研磨颗粒，其中所述颗粒的三重重量分布包含（a ）约20-99％的所述颗粒的重量是直径大于约100微米的颗粒; （b）所述颗粒的重量的约5-50％是直径大于约250微米的颗粒; 和（c）所述颗粒的重量的约0-30％是直径大于300微米的颗粒; （2）除污和悬浮有效量的表面活性剂体系，其包含阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的混合物; 和（3）其余的，水。 可以向这些清洁剂中加入本领域技术人员已知的标准助剂，即缓冲剂，着色剂，香料，增稠剂，粘度调节剂和其它表面活性剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4743394A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-10
申请号：US831774
申请日：1986-02-20
CPC分类号： C11D1/72 , C11D17/0004 , C11D17/003 , C11D17/043 , C11D3/128
摘要： In one embodiment, the invention provides novel low-temperature-effective non-phosphate detergent paste compositions comprising:A concentrated non-phosphate, detergent paste composition which is rapidly soluble in cold water comprising, by weight:(a) about 10-50% of at least one nonionic surfactant;(b) about 5-70% of at least one water insoluble non-phosphate builder;(c) about 0-70% of at lest one water soluble non-phosphate builder;wherein the ratio of (b+c): a is greater than or equal to about 1.0; andwherein the ratio of b:a is less than about 2.0.The novel detergent paste compositions provide good removal of oily and particulate soils from both natural and synthetic fibers and yet surprisingly are rapidly soluble/dispersible in cold water.Furthermore, adjuncts such as nonionic, anionic, cationic, and amphoteric surfactants; phase stabilizers; fluorescent whitening agents; anti-redeposition agents; corrosion-inhibiting agents; dyes; pigments; bleaches, fabric softeners; enzymes; and fragrances may be added to the novel paste detergents of this invention.The invention also provides novel delivery means in the form of unit dosage size water soluble polyvinyl alcohol film packets to deliver the novel detergent paste compositions into wash water.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，本发明提供了新的低温有效的非磷酸盐洗涤剂糊剂组合物，其包含：快速溶于冷水的浓缩非磷酸盐洗涤剂糊剂组合物，其包含：（a）约10-50％ 的至少一种非离子表面活性剂; （b）约5-70％的至少一种不溶于水的非磷酸盐助洗剂; （c）约0-70％的至少一种水溶性非磷酸盐助洗剂; 其中（b + c）：a的比例大于或等于约1.0; 并且其中b：a的比率小于约2.0。 新型洗涤剂糊剂组合物从天然纤维和合成纤维中提供良好的油性和颗粒状污垢的去除，并且令人惊奇的是在冷水中快速溶解/分散。 此外，助剂如非离子，阴离子，阳离子和两性表面活性剂; 相稳定剂; 荧光增白剂; 抗再沉积剂; 腐蚀抑制剂; 染料; 颜料; 漂白剂，织物柔软剂; 酶; 并且可以将香料添加到本发明的新型糊剂洗涤剂中。 本发明还提供了以单位剂量大小的水溶性聚乙烯醇膜包形式的新型递送装置，以将新的洗涤剂糊组合物输送到洗涤水中。
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4.发明授权PVA films with nonhydrolyzable anionic comonomers for packaging detergents 失效具有用于包装洗涤剂的非水解阴离子共聚单体的PVA膜
公开(公告)号：US4747976A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-31
申请号：US050260
申请日：1987-05-14
申请人： Chihae Yang , Edward J. Kaufmann
发明人： Chihae Yang , Edward J. Kaufmann
CPC分类号： C11D17/043 , C11D17/042 , C11D3/046
摘要： An ionomeric film is provided for use as a water-soluble seal or pouch for alkaline or borate-containing cleaning compositions. The films comprise copolymers of 90-100% hydrolyzed vinyl alcohol with a nonhydrolyzable anionic comonomer, and have molecular weights characterized by a viscosity range of 4-35 cP. The films are resistant to insolubilization caused by alkaline or borate-containing additives, are storage stable over a wide range of temperature and humidity storage conditions, rapidly and fully solubilize in a wash solution, and do not impair cleaning performance of an additive enclosed within.
摘要翻译： 提供离聚物膜用作用于碱性或含硼酸盐的清洁组合物的水溶性密封或袋。 该膜包括90-100％水解的乙烯醇与不可水解的阴离子共聚单体的共聚物，其分子量的特征在于粘度范围为4-35cP。 这些膜耐碱性或含硼酸盐添加剂引起的不溶解性，在宽温度和湿度储存条件下储存稳定，快速且完全溶解在洗涤溶液中，并且不影响包封在其中的添加剂的清洗性能。
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公开(公告)号：USRE34988E
公开(公告)日：1995-07-04
申请号：US803297
申请日：1991-12-04
申请人： Chihae Yang , Edward J. Kaufmann
发明人： Chihae Yang , Edward J. Kaufmann
CPC分类号： C11D17/043 , C11D17/042 , C11D3/02 , C11D3/046 , C11D3/3753
摘要： A PVA film modified with anionic comonomers is provided for use as a water-soluble seal or pouch for alkaline or borate-containing cleaning compositions. The films comprise copolymers of 90-100% hydrolyzed vinyl alcohol with a nonhydrolyzable anionic comonomer, and have molecular weights characterized by a viscosity range of 4-35 cPs. The films are resistant to insolubilization caused by alkaline or borate-containing additives, are storage stable over a wide range of temperature and humidity storage conditions, rapidly and fully solubilize in a wash solution, and do not significantly impair cleaning performance of an additive enclosed within.
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公开(公告)号：US4885105A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-05
申请号：US175778
申请日：1988-03-31
申请人： Chihae Yang , Edward J. Kaufmann
发明人： Chihae Yang , Edward J. Kaufmann
CPC分类号： C11D17/043 , C11D17/042 , C11D3/02 , C11D3/046 , C11D3/3753
摘要： A PVA film modified with anionic comonomers is provided for use as a water-soluble seal or pouch for alkaline or borate-containing cleaning compositions. The films comprise copolymers of 90-100% hydrolyzed vinyl alcohol with a nonhydrolyzable anionic comonomer, and have molecular weights characterized by a viscosity range of 4-35 cPs. The films are resistant to insolubilization caused by alkaline or borate-containing additives, are storage stable over a wide range of temperature and humidity storage conditions, rapidly and fully solubilize in a wash solution, and do not significantly impair cleaning performance of an additive enclosed within.
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公开(公告)号：US4626372A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US577727
申请日：1984-02-08
CPC分类号： C08J5/18 , C11D17/041 , C11D17/042 , C08J2329/04
摘要： Conventional polyvinyl alcohol envelopes will not readily dissolve in wash water which has a significant borate concentration and a pH frequently encountered in wash liquors. Herein, such films are rendered sufficiently soluble in such solutions. In the preferred embodiment this is done by utilizing a polyvinyl alcohol film wherein at least a portion of the polyvinyl alcohol has a number average molecular weight below about 50,000, or a polyvinyl alcohol film containing a polyhydroxy compound having a binding constant with borate of at least about 800M.sup.-2, or utilizing a polyvinyl alcohol film having an acid having an acid dissociation constant of 10.sup.-9 M or larger; or a polyvinyl alcohol film containing mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译： 常规的聚乙烯醇包膜不容易溶解在具有显着的硼酸盐浓度和在洗涤液中经常遇到的pH的洗涤水中。 这里，这些膜在这种溶液中变得足够可溶。 在优选的实施方案中，这是通过使用其中至少一部分聚乙烯醇的数均分子量低于约50,000的聚乙烯醇膜或含有至少具有硼酸盐的结合常数的多羟基化合物的聚乙烯醇膜 约800M-2，或者利用具有酸解离常数为10-9M或更大的酸的聚乙烯醇膜; 或含有其混合物的聚乙烯醇膜。
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公开(公告)号：US4972017A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-20
申请号：US269927
申请日：1988-11-10
IPC分类号： C11D17/04
CPC分类号： C11D17/042 , C11D17/041
摘要： A polymeric film material for the rinse release of wash additives comprises a blend of polyvinyl alcohol and an alkyl cellulose. A metalloid oxide cross-linking agent is present in an amount sufficient to sharply reduce the solubility rate of the film blend in an alkaline wash, yet allow dissolution in a less alkaline rinse. Optionally, a hydrophobic cationic species is included to further reduce the dissolution rate in the wash pH. The films remain intact during normal wash cycles and over a range of typical water temperatures, then rapidly dissolve in the rinse. The film can be used to microencapsulate an additive, or made into a water-soluble pouch, or as a soluble seal for a pouch or container.
摘要翻译： 用于洗涤添加剂的冲洗释放的聚合物膜材料包括聚乙烯醇和烷基纤维素的共混物。 金属氧化物交联剂的存在量足以在碱性洗涤中急剧降低膜共混物的溶解度，但允许溶解在较少的碱性漂洗液中。 任选地，包含疏水性阳离子物质以进一步降低洗涤pH中的溶解速率。 在正常洗涤循环期间和一定范围的典型水温下，膜保持完整，然后迅速溶于冲洗液中。 该膜可用于将添加剂微囊化，或制成水溶性袋，或作为袋或容器的可溶性密封。
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公开(公告)号：US4828744A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-09
申请号：US935485
申请日：1986-11-26
CPC分类号： C08J5/18 , C11D17/041 , C11D17/042 , C08J2329/04
摘要： Conventional polyvinyl alcohol envelopes will not readily dissolve in wash water which has a significant borate concentration and a pH frequently encountered in wash liquors. Herein, such films are rendered sufficiently soluble in such solutions. In the preferred embodiment this is done by utilizing a polyvinyl alcohol film wherein at least a portion of the polyvinyl alcohol has a number average molecular weight below about 50,000, or a polyvinyl alcohol film containing a polyhydroxy compound having a binding constant with borate of at least about 800M.sup.-2, or utilizing a polyvinyl alcohol film having an acid having an acid dissociation constant of 10.sup.-9 M or larger; or a polyvinyl alcohol film containing mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译： 常规的聚乙烯醇包膜不容易溶解在具有显着的硼酸盐浓度和在洗涤液中经常遇到的pH的洗涤水中。 这里，这些膜在这种溶液中变得足够可溶。 在优选的实施方案中，这是通过使用其中至少一部分聚乙烯醇的数均分子量低于约50,000的聚乙烯醇膜或含有至少具有硼酸盐的结合常数的多羟基化合物的聚乙烯醇膜 约800M-2，或者利用具有酸解离常数为10-9M或更大的酸的聚乙烯醇膜; 或含有其混合物的聚乙烯醇膜。
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公开(公告)号：US4801636A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US30196
申请日：1987-03-24
IPC分类号： C08L1/26 , C08L1/00 , C08L29/04 , C11D17/00 , C11D17/04 , D06M23/02 , D06M101/00 , D06M101/02 , D06M101/06 , D06M101/16 , D06M101/18 , C08K5/17 , C08F8/00
CPC分类号： C11D17/0039 , C11D17/042
摘要： A polymeric film material for the rinse release of wash additives comprises a blend of polyvinyl alcohol and an alkyl cellulose. A metalloid oxide cross-linking agent is present in an amount sufficient to sharply reduce the solubility rate of the film blend in an alkaline wash, yet allow dissolution in a less alkaline rinse. Optionally, a hydrophobic cationic species is included to further reduce the dissolution rate in the wash pH. The films remain intact during normal wash cycles and over a range of typical water temperatures, then rapidly dissolve in the rinse. The film can be used to microencapsulate an additive, or made into a water-soluble pouch, or as a soluble seal for a pouch or container.
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