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1.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07315872B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-01
申请号：US10931002
申请日：2004-08-31
IPC分类号： G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99955
摘要： A system, method, and program storage device implementing the method, for integrating data in a database management system, wherein the method comprises grouping data sources and replicas of the data sources that provide analogous data into a common logical domain; writing application queries against the common logical domain; selecting a correct set of replicas of the data sources and a query-execution strategy for combining a content of the correct set of replicas of the data sources in order to answer the application queries according to query-cost-based optimization; selecting a correct set of data sources according to run-time constraints; shielding the application queries from changes to the data sources by dynamically binding the application queries against the correct sets of data sources and replicas of the data sources; and processing the application queries by generating an optimum query result based on the steps of grouping and shielding.
摘要翻译： 实现该方法的系统，方法和程序存储设备，用于将数据集成在数据库管理系统中，其中该方法包括将提供类似数据的数据源的数据源和副本分组到公共逻辑域中; 针对公共逻辑域编写应用程序查询; 选择正确的数据源副本和用于组合数据源的正确的副本集合的内容的查询执行策略，以便根据基于查询成本的优化来应答应用查询; 根据运行时限制选择正确的数据源集合; 通过将应用程序查询与数据源的正确数据源和副本集合动态绑定来屏蔽应用程序查询对数据源的更改; 并通过基于分组和屏蔽的步骤产生最佳查询结果来处理应用查询。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07853576B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-14
申请号：US11848304
申请日：2007-08-31
CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99955
摘要： A system, method, and program storage device implementing the method, for integrating data in a database management system, wherein the method comprises grouping data sources and replicas of the data sources that provide analogous data into a common logical domain; writing application queries against the common logical domain; selecting a correct set of replicas of the data sources and a query-execution strategy for combining a content of the correct set of replicas of the data sources in order to answer the application queries according to query-cost-based optimization; selecting a correct set of data sources according to run-time constraints; shielding the application queries from changes to the data sources by dynamically binding the application queries against the correct sets of data sources and replicas of the data sources; and processing the application queries by generating an optimum query result based on the steps of grouping and shielding.
摘要翻译： 实现该方法的系统，方法和程序存储设备，用于将数据集成在数据库管理系统中，其中该方法包括将提供类似数据的数据源的数据源和副本分组到公共逻辑域中; 针对公共逻辑域编写应用程序查询; 选择正确的数据源副本和用于组合数据源的正确的副本集合的内容的查询执行策略，以便根据基于查询成本的优化来应答应用查询; 根据运行时限制选择正确的数据源集合; 通过将应用程序查询与数据源的正确数据源和副本集合动态绑定来屏蔽应用程序查询对数据源的更改; 并通过基于分组和屏蔽的步骤产生最佳查询结果来处理应用查询。
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3.发明授权Failure transparency for update applications under single-master configuration 有权在单主机配置下的更新应用程序的故障透明度公开(公告)号：US07600149B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-06
申请号：US11231204
申请日：2005-09-20
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1482
摘要： A method masking data failures, when a master copy of data is unavailable comprises storing a single master copy of data and a replica copy of the data; writing to the master using a middleware component; and reading from either the master or the replica using the middleware component, when the master copy is unavailable. When the master is unavailable, the writes are stored in a table located in the middleware component as stored write requests, in which the stored write requests comprise UDI's to be made to the master. The reads are also performed from the table and the replica when the master is unavailable. When the master becomes available, the stored write requests are propagated to the master. Thus, the middleware allows the writes to run during times when the master is unavailable.
摘要翻译： 当数据的主副本不可用时，屏蔽数据故障的方法包括存储数据的单个主副本和数据的副本副本; 使用中间件组件向主人写信; 并且当主副本不可用时，使用中间件组件从主控或副本读取。 当主机不可用时，写入存储在位于中间件组件中的表中作为存储的写入请求，其中所存储的写入请求包括将要写入主机的UDI。 当主机不可用时，也从表和副本执行读取。 当主机可用时，存储的写入请求被传播到主机。 因此，中间件允许写入在主机不可用的时间内运行。
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4.发明授权System and method for asynchronous data replication without persistence for distributed computing 有权异步数据复制的系统和方法，无需持续分布式计算公开(公告)号：US07287043B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-23
申请号：US10645221
申请日：2003-08-21
CPC分类号： G06F17/30578
摘要： A system and method of lightweight asynchronous data replication that avoids the need for any persistent store at the replication source or communication channel, and is independent of the underlying data formats, wherein the method of data replication comprises replicating deltas from a source, embedding replication tracking information in the replicated deltas, wherein the tracking information comprises a timestamp and a sequence number, and applying deltas at a target. The tracking information is used to ensure that each delta is applied exactly once. In the event of a crash in the system, the target analyzes the tracking information to determine which deltas have been applied, and requests retransmission of replicated data from the source starting from the earliest unapplied delta. The source and target are treated as only delta producers and consumers, and as such the invention is applicable to replication between arbitrary data source formats.
摘要翻译： 轻量级异步数据复制的系统和方法，避免了复制源或通信通道上任何持久存储的需要，并且独立于底层数据格式，其中数据复制的方法包括从源复制三角形，嵌入复制跟踪 复制三角形中的信息，其中所述跟踪信息包括时间戳和序列号，以及在目标上应用三角形。 跟踪信息用于确保每个增量都应用一次。 在系统崩溃的情况下，目标分析跟踪信息以确定已应用哪些增量，并且从最早未应用的增量开始从源发送重传数据。 源和目标仅被视为增量生成器和消费者，因此本发明适用于任意数据源格式之间的复制。
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5.发明授权Query routing of federated information systems for fast response time, load balance, availability, and reliability 失效查询联合信息系统的路由，以实现快速响应时间，负载平衡，可用性和可靠性公开(公告)号：US07383247B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-03
申请号：US11214082
申请日：2005-08-29
申请人： Wen-Syan Li , Inderpal S. Narang
发明人： Wen-Syan Li , Inderpal S. Narang
CPC分类号： G06F17/30967 , Y10S707/99932
摘要： Disclosed are embodiments of a system for optimizing query processing in a federated information system. The system may be used to identify alternative query plans in a simulated environment and to calculate cost estimates associated with the alternative query plans, based not only on database statistics and query statements, but also based on workload and processing latencies associated with specific data source and with the federated information system as a whole. In addition the calculated cost estimates may also factor in data source availability and reliability. The system may use the alternative query plans and the associated cost estimates to influence query processing in a federated information system by feeding to the federated information system query plans that allow for cost-efficient query plan-level load distribution, cost-efficient query fragment plan-level load distribution, and load distribution based upon quality of service cost constraints.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于在联合信息系统中优化查询处理的系统的实施例。 该系统可以用于在模拟环境中识别替代查询计划，并且不仅基于数据库统计信息和查询语句，而且还基于与特定数据源相关联的工作负载和处理延迟来计算与替代查询计划相关联的成本估计，以及 联合信息系统作为一个整体。 此外，计算的成本估算也可能导致数据源的可用性和可靠性。 系统可以使用替代查询计划和相关联的成本估计来影响联合信息系统中的查询处理，通过馈送给联合信息系统查询计划，允许具有成本效益的查询计划级负载分布，成本效益查询分段计划 - 基于服务质量成本限制的负载分布和负载分配。
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6.发明授权Partial page write detection for a shared cache using a bit pattern written at the beginning and end of each page 失效使用在每个页面的开头和结尾写入的位模式，对共享高速缓存进行局部页写入检测
公开(公告)号：US5455942A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-03
申请号：US955076
申请日：1992-10-01
CPC分类号： G06F11/1076 , G06F11/1008 , G06F12/0866 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： Disk check bits refer to bit patterns stored in particular bytes of a page which are used to detect errors in writing the page to storage. Every time a page is obtained from storage, changed from the version retained in storage, and written back to storage, the check bit pattern on the changed page is altered to be different from the bit pattern on the storage page. This is because the changed page overwrites the stored page. The invention provides a method for managing the check bits in a multi-DBMS system employing a high-speed shared electronic store as a store-in cache for all pages obtained from disk storage. When a page is first obtained from disk storage by a DBMS and changed, check bit information for the page is maintained in a directory of the storing cache which indicates what the patterns are for the version of the page in the disk storage. All pages which are modified are stored in the store-in cache and are only returned to disk storage from the cache. Therefore, when a page is to be written to disk storage, the DBMS writing the page to storage processes the check bits on the page itself, changing them as required based on the check bit information stored in the directory for the page.
摘要翻译： 磁盘检查位是指存储在页面的特定字节中的位模式，用于检测将页面写入存储器时的错误。 每次从存储中获取页面时，从存储中保留的版本中更改页面，并将其写回存储器，更改页面上的校验位模式将更改为与存储页面上的位模式不同。 这是因为更改的页面将覆盖存储的页面。 本发明提供一种用于管理采用高速共享电子商店的多DBMS系统中的校验位的方法，作为从磁盘存储器获得的所有页面的存储高速缓存。 当页首首先由DBMS从磁盘存储器中获取并更改时，检查页面的位信息是否保存在存储缓存的目录中，该目录指示磁盘存储器中页面版本的模式。 被修改的所有页面都存储在存储缓存中，只能从高速缓存返回到磁盘存储。 因此，当将页面写入磁盘存储器时，将页面写入存储器的DBMS处理页面本身的校验位，根据存储在页面目录中的校验位信息根据需要进行改变。
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7.发明授权Query routing of federated information systems for fast response time, load balance, availability, and reliability 失效查询联合信息系统的路由，以实现快速响应时间，负载平衡，可用性和可靠性公开(公告)号：US07890496B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US12100651
申请日：2008-04-10
申请人： Wen-Syan Li , Inderpal S. Narang
发明人： Wen-Syan Li , Inderpal S. Narang
IPC分类号： G06F7/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30967 , Y10S707/99932
摘要： Disclosed are embodiments of a system for optimizing query processing in a federated information system. The system may be used to identify alternative query plans in a simulated environment and to calculate cost estimates associated with the alternative query plans, based not only on database statistics and query statements, but also based on workload and processing latencies associated with specific data source and with the federated information system as a whole. In addition the calculated cost estimates may also factor in data source availability and reliability. The system may use the alternative query plans and the associated cost estimates to influence query processing in a federated information system by feeding to the federated information system query plans that allow for cost-efficient query plan-level load distribution, cost-efficient query fragment plan-level load distribution, and load distribution based upon quality of service cost constraints.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于在联合信息系统中优化查询处理的系统的实施例。 该系统可以用于在模拟环境中识别替代查询计划，并且不仅基于数据库统计信息和查询语句，而且还基于与特定数据源相关联的工作负载和处理延迟来计算与替代查询计划相关联的成本估计，以及 联合信息系统作为一个整体。 此外，计算的成本估算也可能导致数据源的可用性和可靠性。 系统可以使用替代查询计划和相关联的成本估计来影响联合信息系统中的查询处理，通过馈送到联合信息系统查询计划，允许具有成本效益的查询计划级负载分布，成本效益的查询分段计划 - 基于服务质量成本限制的负载分布和负载分配。
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8.发明授权Computer program product for off-loading host-based DBMS predicate evaluation to a disk controller 失效用于将基于主机的DBMS谓词评估卸载到磁盘控制器的计算机程序产品
公开(公告)号：US5586315A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US513696
申请日：1995-08-11
CPC分类号： G06F17/30377 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99954
摘要： A computer program product, such as a pre-recorded software program on a floppy disk, is disclosed, for use with a processing and database system for off-loading, to disk controller, the extraction of committed data. Responsive to the pre-recorded program instructions, the system first picks a Commit.sub.-- LSN value and insures all the data modified prior to the Commit.sub.-- LSN value is processed following the DBMS policy of reducing some disk I/Os or not for the modified pages cached in the system. If the policy is not to do disk I/Os for such pages, then the system places the identifiers of those pages in an ignore list. Otherwise, the system writes those pages to disk and empties the ignore list. Afterwards, the system forwards the ignore list and the Commit.sub.-- LSN along with information regarding the data to be processed to the controller. The controller performs the off-load function by reading from disk every page identified by the system except those in the ignore list, and determining, for each page, if the page's Page.sub.-- LSN value is less than the Commit.sub.-- LSN. If it is, then the controller processes the page and adds any qualifying data from that page to a defined answer set. Otherwise, the controller adds the Page.sub.-- ID for that page to a defined exception list. The controller than passes the answer set and the exception list to the system. The system processes the pages identified in the exception list and those in the ignore list. The system consolidates these answers with the answer set returned by the controller for presentation to the user.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种计算机程序产品，例如软盘上的预先记录的软件程序，用于与用于卸载的处理和数据库系统一起用于磁盘控制器提取已提交的数据。 响应于预先记录的程序指令，系统首先选择一个Commit-LSN值，并确保在Commit-LSN值之前修改的所有数据在遵循减少某些磁盘I / O的DBMS策略之后被处理 缓存在系统中。 如果策略不为这些页面执行磁盘I / O，则系统将这些页面的标识符放置在忽略列表中。 否则，系统将这些页面写入磁盘并清空忽略列表。 然后，系统将忽略列表和Commit-LSN以及有关要处理的数据的信息转发给控制器。 控制器通过从除了忽略列表中的系统之外的系统识别的每个页面读取磁盘来执行卸载功能，并且为每个页面确定页面的页面-LSN值是否小于Commit-LSN。 如果是，则控制器处理该页面并将该页面中的任何限定数据添加到定义的答案集。 否则，控制器将该页面的Page-ID添加到定义的异常列表中。 控制器将答案集和异常列表传递给系统。 系统处理异常列表中标识的页面和忽略列表中的页面。 系统将这些答案与控制器返回的回答集合合并，以呈现给用户。
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9.发明授权Method and means for archiving modifiable pages in a log based transaction management system 失效在基于日志的事务管理系统中归档可修改页面的方法和手段
公开(公告)号：US5455946A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-03
申请号：US66360
申请日：1993-05-21
CPC分类号： G06F11/1451 , G06F2201/87 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： A method and means for achieving files of modifiable pages in a log based phased commit transaction management system (TMS) in which those pages which have been modified since the last full or incremental backup donot require during the copy operation any modifications to the page itself but merely to a common status page. This is accomplished by management of a pair of global log sequence numbers. Comparison between a first number (ICBU.sub.-- LSN) and each data page LSN as the page is modified permits the common status page to be updated to correctly reflect the changed status. Subsequent modifications to the same page donot require amendment of the status page. The status page indicia are reset as part of the backup procedure and for ascertaining the page copy set for incremental copying. The ICBU LSN assumes one of two values as a function of the copy operation and another value for processing page modifications after the copy operation. A second number (ICRF.sub.-- LSN) is used in the restoration of a file after the file has been partially restored by a page merge in page number order from full and incremental copies. In this case, the ICRF.sub.-- LSN defines the point in the log for redo since the most recent copy was made.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在基于日志的分阶段提交事务管理系统（TMS）中实现可修改页面的文件的方法和手段，其中自上次完全备份或增量备份之后修改的页面在复制操作期间需要修改页面本身但是 只是一个共同的状态页面。 这是通过管理一对全局日志序列号来实现的。 第一个数字（ICBU-LSN）和页面修改的每个数据页面LSN之间的比较允许更新公共状态页面以正确反映已更改的状态。 对同一页面的后续修改不需要修改状态页面。 状态页标记被重置为备份过程的一部分，并用于确定用于增量复制的页面副本集。 ICBU LSN假定作为复制操作的函数的两个值之一，以及在复制操作之后处理页面修改的另一个值。 第二个数字（ICRF-LSN）用于在从完整版本和增量副本以页码顺序的页面合并部分恢复文件之后恢复文件。 在这种情况下，ICRF-LSN定义了从最近的拷贝进行的日志中的重做点。
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10.发明授权Efficient data base access using a shared electronic store in a multi-system environment with shared disks 失效在具有共享磁盘的多系统环境中使用共享电子商店进行有效的数据库访问
公开(公告)号：US5408653A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-18
申请号：US869267
申请日：1992-04-15
申请人： Jeffrey W. Josten , Tina L. Masatani , Chandrasekaran Mohan , Inderpal S. Narang , James Z. Teng
发明人： Jeffrey W. Josten , Tina L. Masatani , Chandrasekaran Mohan , Inderpal S. Narang , James Z. Teng
CPC分类号： G06F17/30362 , G06F11/1471 , Y10S707/99938 , Y10S707/99952 , Y10S707/99953
摘要： A computer-implemented method for minimizing the amount of time to access current data in a database which may be stored wholly in a DASD-oriented external storage subsystem or partly in DASD and partly in a stored high-speed electronic store while maintaining coherency of the data with respect to multiple user systems.
摘要翻译： 一种计算机实现的方法，用于最小化访问数据库中当前数据的时间量，其可以完全存储在面向DASD的外部存储子系统中，或者部分地存储在DASD中，部分存储在存储的高速电子存储中，同时保持 相对于多个用户系统的数据。
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