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1.发明授权Ripening inhibition in the tomato Green-ripe mutant results from ectopic expression of a novel protein which disrupts ethylene signal transduction 有权番茄中的成熟抑制绿色成熟突变体来自破坏乙烯信号转导的新蛋白质的异位表达公开(公告)号：US07947867B1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-24
申请号：US11442028
申请日：2006-05-26
CPC分类号： C12N15/8249
摘要： To achieve full development of the ripe phenotype, climacteric fruits, such as tomato, apple and banana, require synthesis, perception and signal transduction of the plant hormone ethylene. The non-ripening phenotype of the dominant Green-ripe (Gr) and Never-ripe 2 (Nr-2) mutants of tomato is the result of reduced ethylene responsiveness in fruit tissues. In addition a subset of ethylene responses associated with floral senescence, abscission and root elongation are also impacted in mutant plants but to a lesser extent. Using positional cloning we have identified an identical 334 by deletion in a gene of unknown biochemical function residing at the Gr/Nr-2 locus. Consistent with a dominant gain of function mutation, this deletion causes ectopic expression of GR/NR-2, which in turn leads to ripening inhibition. A CaMV35:GR transgene recreates the Gr/Nr-2 mutant phenotype but does not lead to a global reduction in ethylene responsiveness suggesting tissue-specific modulation of ethylene responses in tomato. GR/NR-2 encodes a novel evolutionary conserved membrane localized protein of unknown biochemical function that has not previously been associated with ethylene signaling. Because GR/NR-2 has no sequence homology with the previously described Nr (Never-ripe) ethylene receptor of tomato we now refer to this gene only as GR. Identification of GR expands the current repertoire of ethylene signaling components in plants and provides a tool for further elucidation of ethylene response mechanisms and for controlling ethylene signal specificity in crop plants.
摘要翻译： 为了实现成熟表型的充分发展，更年期果实如番茄，苹果和香蕉需要植物激素乙烯的合成，感知和信号转导。 番茄优势绿熟（Gr）和未成熟2（Nr-2）突变体的非成熟表型是果实组织中乙烯反应降低的结果。 此外，与花衰老，脱落和根伸长相关的乙烯应答亚组也在突变植物中受到影响，但程度较小。 使用位置克隆，我们通过在位于Gr / Nr-2位点处的未知生物化学功能的基因中缺失鉴定了相同的334。 与功能突变的主要增益一致，该缺失导致GR / NR-2的异位表达，其又导致成熟抑制。 CaMV35：GR转基因重现Gr / Nr-2突变体表型，但不会导致乙烯反应性的全面降低，表明番茄中乙烯应答的组织特异性调节。 GR / NR-2编码未知的生物化学功能的新进化保守膜定位蛋白，以前没有与乙烯信号传导有关。 因为GR / NR-2与以前描述的Nr（未成熟）番茄的乙烯受体没有序列同源性，所以我们现在将该基因仅称为GR。 GR的鉴定扩展了植物中乙烯信号传导成分的当前目录，为进一步阐明乙烯反应机制和控制作物中乙烯信号特异性提供了一个工具。
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