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1.发明授权Process for improving the purity of transition metals produced by electrolysis of halides thereof in a bath of molten salts 失效通过在熔融盐浴中电解其卤化物而生产的过渡金属的纯度提高的方法
公开(公告)号：US4675084A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US829937
申请日：1986-02-18
Applicant: Marcel Armand , Jean-Pierre Garnier
Inventor： Marcel Armand , Jean-Pierre Garnier
Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the purity of transition metals produced by electrolysis of halides thereof in a bath of molten salts in a tank having a metal internal wall.The process is characterised in that a cathodic potential with respect to the anode of the cell is permanently imposed on the tank.It finds application in the production of metals such as in particular titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium and tantalum, with a low proportion of oxygen and foreign metal elements.
Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过在具有金属内壁的罐中的熔融盐浴中通过电解其卤化物来提高过渡金属的纯度的方法。 该方法的特征在于，相对于电池的阳极的阴极电势永久地施加在罐上。 它可用于生产诸如钛，锆，铪，钒，铌和钽的金属，其中氧和外来金属元素的比例低。
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2.发明授权Process for producing transition metal powders by electrolysis in melted salt baths 失效在熔融盐浴中通过电解生产过渡金属粉末的方法
公开(公告)号：US4770750A
公开(公告)日：1988-09-13
申请号：US99317
申请日：1987-08-20
Applicant: Marcel Armand
Inventor： Marcel Armand
CPC classification number: C25C5/04
Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing transition metal powders by electrolysis in melted salt baths. This process is characterized in that electrolysis is performed in such a way that the deposition voltage of the transition metal is 0.1 to 0.4V below that of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal which it is the easiest to reduce.It is used in the production of powders having dimensions between a few fractions of a micron and approximately 200 microns from metals belonging to groups IVb, Vb and VIb of the periodic classification of metals, such as e.g. titanium, zirconium and hafnium.
Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / FR87 / 00001 Sec。 371日期1987年8月20日 102（e）1987年8月20日PCT PCT 1987年1月5日PCT公布。 出版物WO87 / 04192 日期1987年7月16日。本发明涉及通过在熔融盐浴中电解生产过渡金属粉末的方法。 该方法的特征在于，以使得过渡金属的沉积电压比最容易还原的碱金属或碱土金属的沉积电压低0.1至0.4V的方式进行电解。 用于生产尺寸介于金属周期分类IVb，Vb和VIb族的金属的几分之几微米至约200微米之间的粉末， 钛，锆和铪。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4392924A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-12
申请号：US313229
申请日：1981-10-20
Applicant: Marcel Armand
Inventor： Marcel Armand
Abstract: The process according to the invention concerns the production of polyvalent metals such as titanium by electrolysis of molten halides.It comprises controlling the permeability of the diaphragm which separates the anolyte from the catholyte, by causing growth or re-dissolution of a deposit of the metal to be produced.The process is applied in particular to the production of titanium by electrolysis from TiCl.sub.4.
Abstract translation: 根据本发明的方法涉及通过电解熔融卤化物来生产多价金属如钛。 它包括通过引起待生产的金属沉积物的生长或再溶解来控制将阳极电解液与阴极电解液分离的膜片的渗透性。 该方法特别用于通过从TiCl 4电解生产钛。
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4.发明授权Novel apparatus and process for the TiCl.sub.4 feed to electrolysis cells for the preparation of titanium 失效用于制备钛的电解槽的TiCl4进料的新型设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US4396472A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-02
申请号：US313230
申请日：1981-10-20
Applicant: Marcel Armand
Inventor： Marcel Armand
Abstract: The apparatus and the process according to the invention concern the preparation of titanium by electrolysis in a bath of molten halides.The apparatus comprises a porous diaphragm which is disposed around a feed cathode permitting partial reduction of the TiCl.sub.4 introduced into the electrolyte.The intensity of the current which passes through the feed cathode is so regulated as to maintain a low but non-zero voltage drop, across the diaphragm which is insulated with respect to the feed cathode.
Abstract translation: 根据本发明的装置和方法涉及通过在熔融卤化物浴中电解来制备钛。 该装置包括多孔隔膜，其设置在进料阴极周围，允许部分还原导入电解质的TiCl 4。 通过进料阴极的电流的强度受到如此限制，以便在相对于进料阴极绝缘的隔膜上保持低但非零的电压降。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US4164420A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-14
申请号：US858645
申请日：1977-12-08
Applicant: Marcel Armand , Daniel Charquet
Inventor： Marcel Armand , Daniel Charquet
Abstract: The invention relates to a master alloy intended for the preparation of zirconium-base alloys and more particularly for the preparation of alloys such as those known as zircaloy 2 and zircaloy 4 useful for nuclear applications.This master alloy contains, by weight, from about 50 to 85% of Sn; 5 to 30% of Zr; 0 to 20% of Fe; and 0 to 20% Cr, with the combined Fe+Cr content being about 3 to 30%.This master alloy enables zirconium alloys to be produced in which the tin is distributed homogeneously.
Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于制备锆基合金的母合金，更具体地说涉及用于制备可用于核应用的已知为锆石2和锆石4的合金。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4657643A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-14
申请号：US839131
申请日：1986-03-12
Applicant: Marcel Armand , Jean-Pierre Garnier
Inventor： Marcel Armand , Jean-Pierre Garnier
CPC classification number: C25C7/06
Abstract: A process for measuring the potential of an indicator electrode of a transition metal, which dips into a bath of molten chlorides disposed in an electrolytic cell relative to a reference electrode. It is characterized by introducing into the bath an amount of alkali metal and/or alkaline earth fluorides such that the molar ratio of the fluorine contained in the bath to the amount of dissolved transitions metal is between 4 and 8.
Abstract translation: 一种用于测量过渡金属的指示电极的电位的方法，其将相对于参考电极浸入设置在电解槽中的熔融氯化物浴中。 其特征在于将一定量的碱金属和/或碱土金属氟化物引入浴中，使得浴中所含的氟的摩尔比与溶解的过渡金属的量在4和8之间。
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7.发明授权Process and cell for the preparation of polyvalent metals such as Zr or Hf by electrolysis of molten halides 失效通过电解熔融卤化物制备多价金属如Zr或Hf的方法和电池
公开(公告)号：US4443306A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-17
申请号：US321624
申请日：1981-11-16
Applicant: Marcel Armand , Philippe Moinard
Inventor： Marcel Armand , Philippe Moinard
Abstract: The electrolysis cell according to the invention is concerned with the preparation of Zr or Hf by electrolysis, from a molten mixture of alkali metal or alkaline earth chlorides and fluorides.It comprises a graphite collector which defines the anodic space and which is extended at the lower end below the level of the electrolyte by a metal wall made of metal to be deposited or coated with said metal.The wall may advantageously be made in the form of a porous diaphragm.
Abstract translation: 根据本发明的电解槽涉及通过电解从碱金属或碱土金属氯化物和氟化物的熔融混合物制备Zr或Hf。 它包括一个石墨收集器，该石墨收集器限定阳极空间，并且在由金属制成的金属壁的下端延伸到电解液层的下方，该金属壁将被沉积或涂覆有金属。 壁可有利地以多孔隔膜的形式制成。
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公开(公告)号：US4381976A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-03
申请号：US313228
申请日：1981-10-20
Applicant: Marcel Armand
Inventor： Marcel Armand
IPC: C25C3/28
CPC classification number: C25C3/28
Abstract: The process which is the subject of this invention concerns the preparation of titanium by electrolysis from a bath of molten halides.It comprises effecting partial reduction of the TiCl.sub.4 which is used as the starting material in a separate reaction vessel, and then directly feeding the electrolyzing apparatus by means of titanium halides with a valency of less than 3. The partial reduction of the TiCl.sub.4 is effected by means of divided titanium or another metal such as Na.
Abstract translation: 本发明主题的方法涉及通过从熔融卤化物浴中电解制备钛。 其包括在单独的反应容器中用作原料的TiCl 4的部分还原，然后通过小于3的化合价的卤化钛直接进料电解装置.TiCl 4的部分还原是通过 分割钛或其他金属如Na的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4108687A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-22
申请号：US746950
申请日：1976-12-02
Applicant: Marcel Armand , Daniel Charquet
Inventor： Marcel Armand , Daniel Charquet
CPC classification number: C22F1/186 , G21C3/07 , Y02E30/40 , Y10S376/90
Abstract: A method for treating zirconium and zirconium alloys, in particular the zirconium alloys used in nuclear reactors which are water cooled, as a structural or casing material for fuels. The method consists in dissolving or maintaining a solid solution of the majority of carbon contained in these alloys by thermal or thermo-mechanical treatments carried out in the .alpha. + .beta. range or if necessary in the .beta. range followed by a rolling in .alpha. phase if necessary. The products obtained have a highly improved mechanical resistance under heat, in particular with regard to resistance to creep; they are particularly suitable for constructing casing tubes for fuels in water cooled nuclear reactors having a better resistance to distortion in relation to time.
Abstract translation: 用于处理锆和锆合金的方法，特别是用于水冷却的核反应堆中的锆合金作为燃料的结构或套管材料。 该方法包括通过在α+β范围内进行的热或热机械处理溶解或维持这些合金中所含大部分碳的固溶体，或者如果需要，在β范围内必要时，如果需要，则在α相中滚动 。 所获得的产品在加热下具有高度改善的机械阻力，特别是在耐蠕变性方面; 它们特别适用于在水冷核反应堆中构建具有相对于时间具有更好的抗扭曲性的燃料的套管。
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