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公开(公告)号：US08165043B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-24
申请号：US11185057
申请日：2005-07-20
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
CPC分类号： H04L12/4641 , H04L12/462 , H04L12/4691 , H04L12/4695 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/48
摘要： A multiple instance spanning tree protocol (MI-STP) creates a plurality of active topologies (i.e., loop-free paths) within a computer network. These active topologies may be established through the exchange and processing of multiple instance spanning tree bridge protocol data unit messages (MI-STP BPDUs) by the intermediate network devices within the network. The active topologies are preferably created independently of any virtual local area network (VLAN) designations defined within the network. Once the active topologies are defined, each VLAN designation is then mapped to a single active topology, although multiple VLAN designations are preferably mapped to the same active topology to provide load balancing.
摘要翻译： 多实例生成树协议（MI-STP）在计算机网络内创建多个活动拓扑（即，无环路径）。 这些活动拓扑可以通过网络中的中间网络设备交换和处理多个实例生成树桥协议数据单元消息（MI-STP BPDU）来建立。 活动拓扑优选地独立于在网络内定义的任何虚拟局域网（VLAN）指定而创建。 一旦定义了活动拓扑，则每个VLAN标识然后映射到单个活动拓扑，尽管多个VLAN名称最好映射到相同的活动拓扑以提供负载平衡。
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公开(公告)号：US06937576B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US09690619
申请日：2000-10-17
CPC分类号： H04L12/4641 , H04L12/462 , H04L12/4691 , H04L12/4695 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/48
摘要： A multiple instance spanning tree protocol (MI-STP) creates a plurality of active topologies (i.e., loop-free paths) within a computer network. These active topologies may be established through the exchange and processing of multiple instance spanning tree bridge protocol data unit messages (MI-STP BPDUs) by the intermediate network devices within the network. The active topologies are preferably created independently of any virtual local area network (VLAN) designations defined within the network. Once the active topologies are defined, each VLAN designation is then mapped to a single active topology, although multiple VLAN designations are preferably mapped to the same active topology to provide load balancing.
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公开(公告)号：US07599284B1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-06
申请号：US11130286
申请日：2005-05-16
IPC分类号： G01R31/08 , H04L12/28 , G06F15/177
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L41/00 , H04L45/48 , H04L45/586
摘要： A method and apparatus for continuing the operation of a spanning tree protocol at a network device despite crashes or failures at that device is disclosed. The network device includes a plurality of line cards having ports for receiving and forwarding messages and a plurality of supervisor cards for processing at least some of those messages. Upon start-up, one of the supervisor cards is designated the active supervisor, while all other supervisor cards are designated standby supervisors. The active supervisor runs the spanning tree protocol (STP). The active supervisor informs the standby supervisors of the states of ports set by the STP. When a crash or failure occurs at the active supervisor, one of the standby supervisors is immediately designated to be the new active supervisor, and the new active supervisor uses the states of ports set by the original STP.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在网络设备上继续执行生成树协议的方法和装置，尽管公开了该设备上的故障或故障。 网络设备包括具有用于接收和转发消息的端口的多个线路卡和用于处理这些消息中的至少一些的多个管理卡。 启动时，其中一个主管卡被指定为主管，而所有其他主管卡都被指定为备用主管。 活动主管运行生成树协议（STP）。 主动主管向备用主管通知STP设置的端口状态。 当主动管理员发生故障或故障时，其中一个备用主管立即被指定为新的主动管理员，新的主管主管使用原始STP设置的端口状态。
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公开(公告)号：US07061858B1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-13
申请号：US09714246
申请日：2000-11-16
申请人： Marco Di Benedetto , Mrinal Baruah , Chengelpet Veeravalli Ramesh , Alagu Annaamalai , Ramana Mellacheruvu , Sridhar K. Aswathnarayan , Hei Tao Fung , Umesh Mahajan
发明人： Marco Di Benedetto , Mrinal Baruah , Chengelpet Veeravalli Ramesh , Alagu Annaamalai , Ramana Mellacheruvu , Sridhar K. Aswathnarayan , Hei Tao Fung , Umesh Mahajan
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L41/00 , H04L45/48 , H04L45/586
摘要： A method and apparatus allows for continued operation of one or more applications running at a network device with reduced delay despite crashes or failures at that device. The network device includes two or more supervisor cards for running the applications and a plurality of line cards. According to the invention, one supervisor card is designated the active supervisor card and one supervisor card is designated the standby supervisor card. As changes in state and other operating conditions take place on the active supervisor events are generating for passing at least some of this information to the standby supervisor where it is stored. Following a crash or failure of the active supervisor card, the standby becomes the newly active supervisor card. The standby supervisor performs a consistency check with the line cards and resets those that fail the check. The standby supervisor also determines which data records and state information stored at the standby supervisor are valid, and begins running the applications loaded onto the device. Those data records and state information determined by the standby supervisor to be valid are utilized by the applications in continuing their operation, while invalid data records and state information are discarded.
摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置允许在网络设备上运行的一个或多个应用继续运行，尽管在该设备上发生故障或故障，但延迟延迟。 网络设备包括用于运行应用的两个或更多个管理卡和多个线卡。 根据本发明，一个管理卡被指定为主动管理卡，一个管理卡被指定为备用主管卡。 由于状态和其他操作条件的改变发生在活动主管上，所产生的事件将至少部分信息传送到备用主管，在该主管处存储。 在活动主管卡出现故障或故障后，备用电源将成为新建的主管卡。 备用主管使用线路卡进行一致性检查，并重新设置检查失败的那些。 备用主管还确定在备用主管上存储的哪些数据记录和状态信息有效，并开始运行加载到设备上的应用程序。 被备用主管确定为有效的那些数据记录和状态信息被应用程序用于继续操作，而无效数据记录和状态信息被丢弃。
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公开(公告)号：US07545757B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US11292652
申请日：2005-12-02
IPC分类号： H04L12/28 , H04L12/56 , G06F15/177 , G06F15/143 , G06F15/16
摘要： A method of managing a computer network switch is disclosed. The method has the steps of: setting a port of the switch to root guard protected status (RG status); selecting by a spanning tree protocol (STP) the port as a designated port; and setting said port into blocked status, in response to said port being both in root guard protected status and selected by STP as a root port. By setting a port to root guard protected, the port is prevented from becoming a designated port, and so then forcing the root port to remain in a desired core network.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种管理计算机网络交换机的方法。 该方法具有以下步骤：将交换机的端口设置为根保护状态（RG状态）; 通过生成树协议（STP）选择端口作为指定端口; 并将所述端口设置为阻塞状态，以响应所述端口都处于根保护保护状态，并且由STP作为根端口选择。 通过将端口设置为保护保护，防止端口成为指定端口，从而强制根端口保留在所需的核心网络中。
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公开(公告)号：US06987740B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-17
申请号：US09658880
申请日：2000-09-11
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
摘要： The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) chooses a root switch. Each of the other switches has a “root” port and one or more “designated ports(s)” chosen by STP. Packets are transmitted upstream toward the root switch through the root port, and packets designated for downstream switches from the root switch are received by the root port and transmitted through the designated ports. In the invention, an administrator of the core network identifies which switch ports in the core network are boundary ports to customer networks. The administrator designates the boundary ports as “root guard protected” ports (RG ports). The STP then executes as required by the ordinary STP protocol, and if a RG port is selected by the STP to be a root portm then the status of the port is set to “blocked,” and no packets are transmitted through the port.
摘要翻译： 生成树协议（STP）选择根交换机。 每个其他交换机具有“根”端口和一个或多个由STP选择的“指定端口”。 数据包通过根端口向根交换机上游传输，根交换机指定用于下游交换机的数据包由根端口接收并通过指定端口传输。 在本发明中，核心网络的管理员识别核心网络中哪些交换机端口是到客户网络的边界端口。 管理员将边界端口指定为“根保护保护”端口（RG端口）。 STP然后根据普通STP协议的要求执行，如果由STP选择RG端口作为根端口，则端口的状态被设置为“阻塞”，并且不会通过端口传输数据包。
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公开(公告)号：US06898189B1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-24
申请号：US09644377
申请日：2000-08-23
CPC分类号： H04L45/00 , H04L41/00 , H04L45/48 , H04L45/586
摘要： A method and apparatus for continuing the operation of a spanning tree protocol at a network device despite crashes or failures at that device. A supervisor card contained in the network device is designated an active supervisor, while all other supervisor cards are designated standby supervisors. The active supervisor runs the spanning tree protocol, and informs the standby supervisors of the states of ports, but not of the identity of the root or designated bridges. When a crash or failure occurs at the active supervisor, one of the standby supervisors is immediately designated to be the new active supervisor. The newly active supervisor reviews the port state, and queries the line cards to determine whether that port state information is still valid. The newly active supervisor adopts the valid port state information, leaving those ports in their current spanning tree port state.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在网络设备上继续执行生成树协议的方法和装置，尽管在该设备上发生故障或故障。 包含在网络设备中的主管卡被指定为主管主管，而所有其他管理卡被指定为备用主管。 主动管理器运行生成树协议，并向备用主管通知端口状态，但不指定根或指定网桥的身份。 当主动主管发生故障或故障时，其中一个备用主管将被立即指定为新的主动主管。 最新的主管审查端口状态，并查询线卡以确定该端口状态信息是否仍然有效。 新主管主管采用有效的端口状态信息，使端口处于当前生成树端口状态。
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8.发明授权Methods and apparatus for implementing a high availability fibre channel switch 有权实现高可用性光纤通道切换的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07293105B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-06
申请号：US10026311
申请日：2001-12-21
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： G06F11/2097 , G06F11/1675 , G06F11/2038 , H04L29/06 , H04L67/1095 , H04L67/1097 , H04L67/2852 , H04L69/329
摘要： High availability for a fibre channel switch in a storage area network can be implemented using redundant supervisors. An active supervisor can identify high availability characteristics associated with a message and determine whether the message should be mirrored onto a redundant supervisor, logged, and/or made persistent. Messages can be logged in a pending transaction buffer and stored using persistent storage services. Mirroring can be performed using synchronization queues that allow messages to be passed asynchronously to a redundant supervisor while maintaining full synchronization between supervisors and causing little delay to operation of the active supervisor.
摘要翻译： 存储区域网络中光纤通道交换机的高可用性可以使用冗余监控器来实现。 活动主管可以识别与消息相关联的高可用性特征，并确定消息是否应该镜像到冗余监控器上，记录和/或持久化。 消息可以记录在待处理的事务缓冲区中，并使用持久存储服务进行存储。 可以使用允许将消息异步传递到冗余管理器的同步队列执行镜像，同时保持主管之间的完全同步，并且对活动主管的操作几乎没有延迟。
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公开(公告)号：US20060206656A1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-14
申请号：US11434471
申请日：2006-05-15
申请人： Marco Di Benedetto , Umesh Mahajan , Silvano Gai
发明人： Marco Di Benedetto , Umesh Mahajan , Silvano Gai
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
摘要： A network device is configured in a manner to prevent connectivity loops such as one way connectivity loops. A user configures a port of the network device to have an associated state. The state indicates that the port is for communication up the spanning tree towards a root network device, or down the spanning tree away from the root network device. The spanning tree protocol is then executed and determines a role for the port. The role determined by the spanning tree protocol is compared to the user selected state, and if there is an inconsistency, for example one that would indicate a one way connectivity loop, the port is blocked.
摘要翻译： 网络设备被配置为防止连接环路，例如单向连接环路。 用户将网络设备的端口配置为具有关联状态。 状态表示该端口用于向生成树向根网络设备进行通信，或者将该生成树从根网络设备远离。 然后执行生成树协议并确定端口的角色。 将生成树协议确定的角色与用户选择的状态进行比较，如果存在不一致，例如指示单向连接环路的端口，则该端口被阻止。
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公开(公告)号：US07412557B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US11434471
申请日：2006-05-15
申请人： Marco Di Benedetto , Umesh Mahajan , Silvano Gai
发明人： Marco Di Benedetto , Umesh Mahajan , Silvano Gai
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
摘要： A network device is configured in a manner to prevent connectivity loops such as one way connectivity loops. A user configures a port of the network device to have an associated state. The state indicates that the port is for communication up the spanning tree towards a root network device, or down the spanning tree away from the root network device. The spanning tree protocol is then executed and determines a role for the port. The role determined by the spanning tree protocol is compared to the user selected state, and if there is an inconsistency, for example one that would indicate a one way connectivity loop, the port is blocked.
摘要翻译： 网络设备被配置为防止连接环路，例如单向连接环路。 用户将网络设备的端口配置为具有关联状态。 状态表示该端口用于向生成树向根网络设备进行通信，或者将该生成树从根网络设备远离。 然后执行生成树协议并确定端口的角色。 将生成树协议确定的角色与用户选择的状态进行比较，如果存在不一致，例如指示单向连接环路的端口，则该端口被阻止。
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