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公开(公告)号：US06263088B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-17
申请号：US09020323
申请日：1998-02-06
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06K9/00369 , G01S3/7865 , G06K9/00295 , G06K9/32 , G06T7/11 , G06T7/246 , G06T7/277 , G06T2207/10016 , G08B13/19602 , G08B13/19604 , G08B13/19608 , G08B13/19673
摘要： A system and method for tracking movement of objects, such as people, through a scene. A background image comprising image information representing a background of the scene is generated. Image information for a video frame is compared with image information of the background image to generate regions in a video frame which potentially represent objects to be tracked in the scene. Region clusters are formed by combinations of regions if such combination satisfy predetermined criteria, and the region clusters are hypotheses of objects to be tracked. Each region cluster is evaluated to determine whether each represents an object to be tracked, based on object model information and correspondence to region clusters in a prior video frame. A confidence value is generated for each region cluster that represents a likelihood that the region represents an object to be tracked. A correspondence is determined between region clusters in consecutive video frames. Tracks of objects through the scene over time are constructed based upon the correspondence determined between region clusters in consecutive video frames.
摘要翻译： 用于跟踪物体（例如人物）通过场景的移动的系统和方法。 生成包括表示场景的背景的图像信息的背景图像。 将视频帧的图像信息与背景图像的图像信息进行比较，以在视频帧中生成潜在地表示在场景中要跟踪的对象的区域。 如果这样的组合满足预定标准，则区域集合由区域的组合形成，并且区域集群是要跟踪的对象的假设。 基于对象模型信息和与先前视频帧中的区域簇的对应关系，对每个区域集群进行评估，以确定每个是否表示要跟踪的对象。 为表示区域表示要跟踪的对象的可能性的每个区域集群生成置信度值。 在连续视频帧中确定区域簇之间的对应关系。 基于在连续视频帧中的区域聚类之间确定的对应关系，构建了随时间经过现场的对象的轨迹。
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2.发明授权System and method for segmenting image regions from a scene likely to represent particular objects in the scene 失效用于从可能表示场景中的特定对象的场景中分割图像区域的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US6141433A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-31
申请号：US998211
申请日：1997-12-24
申请人： Michael C. Moed , Ralph N. Crabtree
发明人： Michael C. Moed , Ralph N. Crabtree
IPC分类号： G01S3/786 , G06K9/00 , G06T5/00 , G06T7/20 , G07G1/00 , G07G3/00 , G08B13/194 , H04N5/14 , G06K9/46 , H04N9/47
CPC分类号： G06T7/0091 , G01S3/7865 , G06K9/00228 , G06T7/0083 , G06T7/0097 , G06T7/2033 , G07G1/0054 , G07G3/006 , G08B13/19602 , G08B13/19604 , G08B13/19608 , H04N5/142 , G06T2207/10016
摘要： A system and method for extracting image information from a video frame for regions of a the video frame that likely are objects of interest in a scene. An initial region set is generated by comparing luminance image information and color image information of a video frame with luminance image information and color image information of a background image for the scene. A high confidence region set is generated comprising regions from the initial based upon edge information of the regions and edge information in the background image. A final region set is generated by combining one or more regions in the high confidence region set if such combinations satisfy predetermined criteria, including size, region proximity and morphological region dilation.
摘要翻译： 一种用于从可能是场景中的感兴趣对象的视频帧的区域的视频帧中提取图像信息的系统和方法。 通过将视频帧的亮度图像信息和彩色图像信息与场景的背景图像的亮度图像信息和彩色图像信息进行比较来生成初始区域集合。 产生高置信区域集合，其包括基于区域的边缘信息的初始的区域和背景图像中的边缘信息。 如果这样的组合满足包括大小，区域接近度和形态区域扩张的预定标准，则通过组合高置信区域集合中的一个或多个区域来生成最终区域集合。
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公开(公告)号：US6061088A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US9167
申请日：1998-01-20
CPC分类号： G06K9/38 , G06K9/00771 , G06T7/2053
摘要： A multi-resolution background adaptation system and method wherein image information for a video frame is analyzed to update a background image in as great a resolution as possible. The video frame is partitioned into a plurality of cell levels, each cell level comprising at least one cell. Each cell is further partitioned into children cells for several hierarchical levels. Background image adaptation begins at the frame level and proceeds to lower cell levels of smaller cells when the lower cell levels are not substantially occluded by objects.
摘要翻译： 分析用于视频帧的图像信息以尽可能高的分辨率来更新背景图像的多分辨率背景调整系统和方法。 视频帧被划分成多个单元级，每个单元级包括至少一个单元。 每个单元格进一步划分成几个层次级别的小孩单元格。 背景图像适应在帧级开始，并且当较低单元级别基本上不被对象遮挡时，进行到较小单元的较低单元级。
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公开(公告)号：US07319479B1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-15
申请号：US09960218
申请日：2001-09-21
申请人： Ralph N. Crabtree , Michael C. Moed
发明人： Ralph N. Crabtree , Michael C. Moed
IPC分类号： H04N5/225
CPC分类号： G01S5/16 , G06K9/00778
摘要： The present invention is directed to a system and method for tracking objects, such as customers in a retail environment. The invention is divided into two distinct software subsystems, the Customer Tracking system and the Track Analysis system. The Customer Tracking System tracks individuals through multiple cameras and reports various types of information regarding the tracking function, such as location by time and real world coordinates. The Track Analysis system converts individual tracks to reportable actions. Inputs to the Customer Tracking System are a set of analog or digital cameras that are positioned to view some physical environment. The output of the Customer Tracking System is a set of customer tracks that contain time and position information that describe the path that an individual took through the environment being monitored. The Track Analysis System reads the set of customer tracks produced by the tracking system and interprets the activities of individuals based on user defined regions of interest (ROI). Examples of a region of interest are: (1) a teller station in a bank branch, (2) a check-out lane in a retail store, (3) an aisle in a retail store, and the like.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于跟踪诸如零售环境中的客户的对象的系统和方法。 本发明分为两个不同的软件子系统，即客户跟踪系统和跟踪分析系统。 客户跟踪系统通过多个摄像机跟踪个人，并报告有关跟踪功能的各种类型的信息，例如时间位置和真实世界坐标。 轨道分析系统将个别曲目转换为可报告动作。 客户跟踪系统的输入是一组模拟或数码相机，用于查看某些物理环境。 客户跟踪系统的输出是一组客户轨道，其中包含时间和位置信息，描述个人通过被监视环境的路径。 轨道分析系统读取跟踪系统产生的一组客户轨迹，并根据用户定义的感兴趣区域（ROI）解释个人的活动。 感兴趣的区域的示例是：（1）银行分行的柜台，（2）零售商店的退房车道，（3）零售店的通道等。
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5.发明授权System and method for tracking movement of objects in a scene using correspondence graphs 失效使用对应图跟踪场景中物体运动的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06295367B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-25
申请号：US09019595
申请日：1998-02-06
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06K9/00295 , G01S3/7865 , G06K9/32 , G06T7/162 , G06T7/246 , G06T2207/10016 , G07G3/006 , G08B13/19602 , G08B13/19608 , G08B13/19673
摘要： A system and method for tracking movement of objects in a scene from a stream of video frames using first and second correspondence graphs. A first correspondence graph, called an object correspondence graph, is formed comprising a plurality of nodes representing region clusterss in the scene which are hypotheses of objects to be tracked, and a plurality of tracks. Each track comprises an ordered sequence of nodes in consecutive video frames that represents a track segment of an object through the scene. A second correspondence graph, called a track correspondence graph, is created, comprising a plurality of nodes, each node corresponding to at least one track in the first correspondence graph. A track comprising an ordered sequence of nodes in the second correspondence graph represents the path of an object through the scene. Tracking information for objects, such as persons, in the scene, is accumulated based on the first correspondence graph and second correspondence graph.
摘要翻译： 一种用于使用第一和第二对应关系图从视频帧流跟踪场景中的对象的移动的系统和方法。 形成第一对称图，称为对象对应图，包括表示场景中的区域簇的多个节点，这些节点是要跟踪的对象的假设，以及多个轨道。 每个轨道包括表示通过场景的物体的轨道段的连续视频帧中的有序序列的节点。 创建称为轨道对应图的第二对应图，包括多个节点，每个节点对应于第一对应图中的至少一个轨道。 包括第二对应图中的有序顺序的节点的轨迹表示通过场景的对象的路径。 基于第一对应图和第二对应图累积跟踪场景中诸如人物的信息。
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6.发明授权System and method for matching image information to object model information 失效将图像信息与对象模型信息进行匹配的系统和方法公开(公告)号：US06185314B2
公开(公告)日：2001-02-06
申请号：US09020113
申请日：1998-02-06
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06K9/32 , G01S3/7865 , G06K9/00295 , G06T7/246 , G06T7/277 , G08B13/19602 , G08B13/19608 , G08B13/19673
摘要： A tracking system and method for evaluating whether image information for a region cluster of a video frame of a scene represents an hypothesis of an object to be tracked, such as a person. At least one real-world feature of a region cluster corresponding to an object to be tracked is generated. For example, the at least feature is at least one possible location of a predetermined portion of an object represented by the region cluster is determined based on a viewing angle of the scene of the video camera. A distance from the video camera to the object corresponding to the region is determined in real-world coordinates for each possible location of the predetermined portion of the region cluster. Real-world size and location information for the region cluster is determined based on the distance. The real-world size and location information for the region cluster is compared with statistical information for the particular type of object to determine a confidence value representing a measure of confidence that the region cluster represents the particular type of object.
摘要翻译： 用于评估场景的视频帧的区域簇的图像信息的跟踪系统和方法表示诸如人物之类的要跟踪对象的假设。 生成与待跟踪对象相对应的区域集群的至少一个真实世界特征。 例如，至少特征是基于视频摄像机的场景的视角来确定由区域簇表示的对象的预定部分的至少一个可能位置。 在区域簇的预定部分的每个可能位置的实际坐标中确定从摄像机到对应于该区域的物体的距离。 基于距离确定区域集群的实际大小和位置信息。 将区域集群的真实世界大小和位置信息与特定类型的对象的统计信息进行比较，以确定表示区域集群表示特定类型对象的可信度度量的置信度值。
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公开(公告)号：US07702132B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-20
申请号：US12172713
申请日：2008-07-14
申请人： Ralph N. Crabtree
发明人： Ralph N. Crabtree
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00771 , G06T7/20 , G06T7/70 , G06T2207/30196 , G06T2207/30241
摘要： Systems and methods that determine a position value of a first object and a position value of a second object, and compare the position value of the first object with the position value of the second object to determine if the second object is in a queue with the first object are provided.
摘要翻译： 确定第一对象的位置值和第二对象的位置值的系统和方法，并且将第一对象的位置值与第二对象的位置值进行比较，以确定第二对象是否处于与 提供第一个对象。
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公开(公告)号：US07400745B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-15
申请号：US11668232
申请日：2007-01-29
申请人： Ralph N. Crabtree
发明人： Ralph N. Crabtree
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00771 , G06T7/20 , G06T7/70 , G06T2207/30196 , G06T2207/30241
摘要： Systems and methods that determine a position value of a first object and a position value of a second object, and compare the position value of the first object with the position value of the second object to determine if the second object is in a queue with the first object are provided.
摘要翻译： 确定第一对象的位置值和第二对象的位置值的系统和方法，并且将第一对象的位置值与第二对象的位置值进行比较，以确定第二对象是否处于与 提供第一个对象。
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公开(公告)号：US07171024B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-30
申请号：US10724394
申请日：2003-12-01
申请人： Ralph N. Crabtree
发明人： Ralph N. Crabtree
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00771 , G06T7/20 , G06T7/70 , G06T2207/30196 , G06T2207/30241
摘要： Systems and methods that determine a position value of a first object and a position value of a second object, and compare the position value of the first object with the position value of the second object to determine if the second object is in a queue with the first object are provided.
摘要翻译： 确定第一对象的位置值和第二对象的位置值的系统和方法，并且将第一对象的位置值与第二对象的位置值进行比较，以确定第二对象是否处于与 提供第一个对象。
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10.发明授权Method and apparatus for detecting movement patterns at a self-service checkout terminal 失效用于检测自助结账终端的移动模式的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US06236736B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-22
申请号：US09020322
申请日：1998-02-06
申请人： Ralph N. Crabtree , Jianzhong Huang , Junhoy Kim
发明人： Ralph N. Crabtree , Jianzhong Huang , Junhoy Kim
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G08B13/1968 , G01S3/7865 , G06K9/00335 , G06K9/00778 , G06T7/251 , G06T7/277 , G06T2207/10016 , G06T2207/30196 , G06T2207/30232 , G07G1/0054 , G07G3/006 , G08B13/19602 , G08B13/19604 , G08B13/19608 , G08B13/19613 , G08B13/19652
摘要： A system and method for detecting hand and item movement patterns comprising a video camera positioned to view a scene which includes therein a scanner for scanning items, wherein the video camera generates a sequence of video frames representing activity in the scene, processing means coupled to the video camera, the processing means performing steps of identifying regions of a video frame representing a hand; and tracking hand movement with respect to the scanner over a plurality of video frames. Event information descriptive of user activity at the self-service checkout terminal is generated based on the tracking information.
摘要翻译： 一种用于检测手和物品运动模式的系统和方法，包括定位成观看场景的摄像机，其中包括用于扫描物品的扫描器，其中所述摄像机产生表示场景中的活动的视频帧序列，耦合到所述场景的处理装置 视频摄像机，所述处理装置执行识别表示手的视频帧的区域的步骤; 以及在多个视频帧上相对于扫描仪跟踪手的移动。 基于跟踪信息生成描述自助结账终端的用户活动的事件信息。
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