公开(公告)号：US20060235635A1

公开(公告)日：2006-10-19

申请号：US10567887

申请日：2004-08-05

申请人： Nathan Intrator ,  Ki-o Kim ,  Nicola Neretti ,  Leon Cooper

发明人： Nathan Intrator ,  Ki-o Kim ,  Nicola Neretti ,  Leon Cooper

IPC分类号： G06F19/00

CPC分类号： G01S7/5273 ,  G01V1/28 ,  H04L67/125

摘要： A system and method for increasing the accuracy of time delay estimates of signals propagating through an environment. The system includes one or more sensors for receiving a plurality of signals, and a time delay estimator for measuring time delays between multiple pairs of signals. At least some of the multiple pairs of signals are received and measured at different points in time. The system further includes a data analyzer for analyzing time delay estimation data, for generating a statistical distribution of time delay estimates from the data, and for calculating a statistical estimate of time delay from the distribution. By increasing the number of signals employed by the system, the accuracy of the time delay estimation is increased. Further, by calculating the median or the mode of the statistical distribution, noise tolerance is improved. The signals employed by the system may include sonar signals, seismic signals, ultrasonic signals, acoustic signals, electromagnetic signals, or any other suitable type of signals.

摘要翻译： 一种用于增加通过环境传播的信号的时间延迟估计的精度的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于接收多个信号的一个或多个传感器，以及用于测量多对信号之间的时间延迟的时间延迟估计器。 在不同的时间点接收和测量多对信号中的至少一些。 该系统还包括用于分析时间延迟估计数据的数据分析器，用于从数据生成时间延迟估计的统计分布，以及用于从分布计算时间延迟的统计估计。 通过增加系统采用的信号数量，可以提高时间延迟估计的精度。 此外，通过计算统计分布的中值或模式，提高了噪声容限。 系统使用的信号可以包括声纳信号，地震信号，超声信号，声信号，电磁信号或任何其它合适类型的信号。

公开(公告)号：US20060140054A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-29

申请号：US10559623

申请日：2004-06-08

申请人： Nathan Intrator ,  Leon Cooper ,  Nicola Neretti

发明人： Nathan Intrator ,  Leon Cooper ,  Nicola Neretti

IPC分类号： G01S15/02

CPC分类号： G01S7/527

摘要： A system and method of performing sonar range estimations in a noisy sonar environment. The system includes a sensor, a transmitter, a receiver, a plurality of band-pass filters, a cross correlator, and a data analyzer. The transmitter transmits a pulse through a transmission medium. The pulse travels through the transmission medium until it strikes an object, which returns an echo to the sensor. The sensor provides the echo to the receiver, which provides an indication of the echo to the band-pass filters. The respective band-pass filters provide filtered versions of the echo and pulse to the cross correlator, which performs multiple cross correlation operations on the filtered echo and pulse. The cross correlator provides output data to the data analyzer, which uses the data to estimate the SNR in the environment and to determine a pulse center frequency corresponding to the estimated SNR. By controlling the center frequency of pulses emitted by the transmitter based on information provided by the data analyzer, the system obtains sonar range estimations with increased accuracy.

摘要翻译： 在噪声声纳环境中执行声纳范围估计的系统和方法。 该系统包括传感器，发射器，接收器，多个带通滤波器，互相关器和数据分析器。 发射机通过传输介质发送脉冲。 脉冲通过传输介质，直到其撞击物体，这将返回到传感器。 传感器向接收器提供回波，其提供带通滤波器的回波的指示。 相应的带通滤波器向互相关器提供回波和脉冲的滤波版本，其对滤波的回波和脉冲执行多个互相关操作。 交叉相关器向数据分析器提供输出数据，数据分析器使用数据来估计环境中的SNR，并确定与估计的SNR相对应的脉冲中心频率。 通过根据数据分析仪提供的信息控制发射机发出的脉冲的中心频率，系统以更高的精度获得声纳范围估计。

公开(公告)号：US07289388B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-30

申请号：US10559741

申请日：2004-06-08

申请人： Nathan Intrator ,  Leon N. Cooper ,  Nicola Neretti

发明人： Nathan Intrator ,  Leon N. Cooper ,  Nicola Neretti

IPC分类号： G01S15/02 ,  G01S15/06 ,  G01S15/32

CPC分类号： G01S7/52004 ,  G01S15/10

摘要： A system and method for estimating the SNR in a sonar environment and for determining the effect of the estimated SNR on sonar ranging accuracy. The system includes a sensor, a transmitter, a receiver, a plurality of band-pass filters, a cross correlator, and a data analyzer. The transmitter transmits a first signal having a predetermined frequency range through a transmission medium. The sensor generates a second signal corresponding to an echo signal reflected from an object. The first and second signals are provided to the band-pass filters, each operative to pass a respective sub-band of frequencies. The filters provide filtered versions of the first and second signals to the cross correlator, which performs cross correlation operations on the filtered signals. A data analyzer analyzes the cross correlator output data to determine the variability of cross correlation peaks within each frequency sub-band, thereby allowing more accurate SNR estimations in noisy environments.

摘要翻译： 一种用于估计声纳环境中的SNR并用于确定估计的SNR对声纳测距精度的影响的系统和方法。 该系统包括传感器，发射器，接收器，多个带通滤波器，互相关器和数据分析器。 发射机通过传输介质发送具有预定频率范围的第一信号。 传感器产生对应于从对象反射的回波信号的第二信号。 第一和第二信号被提供给带通滤波器，每个滤波器可操作以通过相应的频带子带。 滤波器将第一和第二信号的滤波器提供给交叉相关器，其对经滤波的信号执行互相关操作。 数据分析仪分析交叉相关器输出数据以确定每个频率子带内互相关峰值的变化，从而允许在嘈杂环境中进行更准确的SNR估计。

公开(公告)号：US06961742B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-01

申请号：US10076059

申请日：2002-02-14

申请人： Nicola Neretti ,  Nathan Intrator

发明人： Nicola Neretti ,  Nathan Intrator

IPC分类号： G06F17/14 ,  G06F17/16 ,  G06F17/17 ,  H03H17/02 ,  G06F17/10

CPC分类号： G06F17/17 ,  G06F17/148 ,  G06F17/16 ,  H03H17/0211 ,  H03H2222/06

摘要： A method for finding optimal filter coefficients for a filter given an input data sequence and an objective function is disclosed. The method includes selecting a wavelet basis having k parameters and minimizes the k parameters according to the predetermined objective function. The wavelet basis is reparameterized into k/2 rotation parameters and factorized into a product of rotation and delay matrices. The k/2 rotation parameters are provided for the rotation matrices and a data transform matrix is computed based on the product of the rotation and delay matrices. The input data sequence is converted into transformed data by applying the data transform matrix to the input data. The Jacobian of the data transform matrix and the input data sequence is determined and multiplied by the gradient vector with respect to the transformed data of the objective function. This product is compared to a predetermined criterium and if the predetermined criterium is not satisfied, a new set of k/2 parameter values are provided and the gradient descent is continued until the optimal k/2 parameters are found. The optimal filter coefficients are then calculated based on the optimal k/2 parameters. The wavelet basis may be selected from a wavelet packet library containing orthonormal wavelet packet bases, and in which the selected wavelet packet basis is minimized according to a cost function, which can be an entropy function.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于为给定输入数据序列和目标函数的滤波器找到最佳滤波器系数的方法。 该方法包括选择具有k个参数的小波基，并根据预定的目标函数使k个参数最小化。 将小波基重新参数化为k / 2旋转参数，并将其分解为旋转和延迟矩阵的乘积。 为旋转矩阵提供k / 2旋转参数，并且基于旋转和延迟矩阵的乘积来计算数据变换矩阵。 通过将数据变换矩阵应用于输入数据，将输入数据序列转换为变换数据。 确定数据变换矩阵和输入数据序列的雅可比，并相对于目标函数的变换数据乘以梯度向量。 将该产品与预定标准进行比较，如果不满足预定标准，则提供一组新的k / 2参数值，并且继续梯度下降直到找到最佳k / 2参数。 然后基于最优k / 2参数计算最优滤波器系数。 小波基可以从包含正交小波包分组的小波包库中选出，其中所选择的小波包分组根据可以是熵函数的成本函数被最小化。

公开(公告)号：US07363177B2

公开(公告)日：2008-04-22

申请号：US10567887

申请日：2004-08-05

申请人： Nathan Intrator ,  Ki-o Kim ,  Nicola Neretti ,  Leon N. Cooper

发明人： Nathan Intrator ,  Ki-o Kim ,  Nicola Neretti ,  Leon N. Cooper

IPC分类号： G01R29/02

CPC分类号： G01S7/5273 ,  G01V1/28 ,  H04L67/125

摘要： A system and method for increasing the accuracy of time delay estimates of signals propagating through an environment. The system includes one or more sensors for receiving a plurality of signals, and a time delay estimator for measuring time delays between multiple pairs of signals. At least some of the multiple pairs of signals are received and measured at different points in time. The system further includes a data analyzer for analyzing time delay estimation data, for generating a statistical distribution of time delay estimates from the data, and for calculating a statistical estimate of time delay from the distribution. By increasing the number of signals employed by the system, the accuracy of the time delay estimation is increased. Further, by calculating the median or the mode of the statistical distribution, noise tolerance is improved.

摘要翻译： 一种用于增加通过环境传播的信号的时间延迟估计的精度的系统和方法。 该系统包括用于接收多个信号的一个或多个传感器，以及用于测量多对信号之间的时间延迟的时间延迟估计器。 在不同的时间点接收和测量多对信号中的至少一些。 该系统还包括用于分析时间延迟估计数据的数据分析器，用于从数据生成时间延迟估计的统计分布，以及用于从分布计算时间延迟的统计估计。 通过增加系统采用的信号数量，可以提高时间延迟估计的精度。 此外，通过计算统计分布的中值或模式，提高了噪声容限。

公开(公告)号：US07239580B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-03

申请号：US10559623

申请日：2004-06-08

申请人： Nathan Intrator ,  Leon N. Cooper ,  Nicola Neretti

发明人： Nathan Intrator ,  Leon N. Cooper ,  Nicola Neretti

IPC分类号： G01S15/02 ,  G01S15/06 ,  G01S15/32

CPC分类号： G01S7/527

摘要： A system and method of performing sonar range estimations in a noisy sonar environment. The system includes a sensor, a transmitter, a receiver, a plurality of band-pass filters, a cross correlator, and a data analyzer. The transmitter transmits a pulse through a transmission medium. The pulse travels through the transmission medium until it strikes an object, which returns an echo to the sensor. The sensor provides the echo to the receiver, which provides an indication of the echo to the band-pass filters. The respective band-pass filters provide filtered versions of the echo and pulse to the cross correlator, which performs multiple cross correlation operations on the filtered echo and pulse. The cross correlator provides output data to the data analyzer, which uses the data to estimate the SNR in the environment and to determine a pulse center frequency corresponding to the estimated SNR. By controlling the center frequency of pulses emitted by the transmitter based on information provided by the data analyzer, the system obtains sonar range estimations with increased accuracy.

摘要翻译： 在噪声声纳环境中执行声纳范围估计的系统和方法。 该系统包括传感器，发射器，接收器，多个带通滤波器，互相关器和数据分析器。 发射机通过传输介质发送脉冲。 脉冲通过传输介质，直到其撞击物体，这将返回到传感器。 传感器向接收器提供回波，其提供带通滤波器的回波的指示。 相应的带通滤波器向互相关器提供回波和脉冲的滤波版本，其对滤波的回波和脉冲执行多个互相关操作。 交叉相关器向数据分析器提供输出数据，数据分析器使用数据来估计环境中的SNR，并确定与估计的SNR相对应的脉冲中心频率。 通过根据数据分析仪提供的信息控制发射机发出的脉冲的中心频率，系统以更高的精度获得声纳范围估计。