公开(公告)号：US07818297B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-19

申请号：US10403500

申请日：2003-03-31

申请人： Nitzan Peleg ,  Yuval Sherman ,  Hansjorg Zeller

发明人： Nitzan Peleg ,  Yuval Sherman ,  Hansjorg Zeller

IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/00

CPC分类号： G06F17/30575

摘要： The disclosed embodiments relate to a system for refreshing a table to produce a refreshed table. The system may include a refresh log that may contain a plurality of entries that each comprise an epoch identifier. The system may also include a refresh manager that may be adapted to perform a refresh operation on the table using entries that have corresponding epoch identifiers.

摘要翻译： 所公开的实施例涉及用于刷新表以产生刷新表的系统。 系统可以包括可以包含多个条目的刷新日志，每个条目包括历元标识符。 该系统还可以包括刷新管理器，该刷新管理器可适于使用具有对应的历元标识符的条目对该表执行刷新操作。

公开(公告)号：US20110060731A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-10

申请号：US12554254

申请日：2009-09-04

申请人： Awny K. Al-Omari ,  Hansjorg Zeller ,  Tom C. Reyes

发明人： Awny K. Al-Omari ,  Hansjorg Zeller ,  Tom C. Reyes

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30469 ,  G06F17/30474

摘要： There is provided a computer-implemented method of optimizing a query. An exemplary method comprises determining a maximum cardinality for an operator. The query may comprise the operator. The exemplary method also comprises determining a plurality of potential implementations for the operator. The exemplary method additionally comprises generating a query plan for the query based on the maximum cardinality and the potential implementations.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种优化查询的计算机实现的方法。 示例性方法包括确定操作者的最大基数。 查询可以包括运营商。 该示例性方法还包括确定用于操作者的多个潜在实现。 该示例性方法还包括基于最大基数和潜在实现来生成查询的查询计划。

公开(公告)号：US20100198855A1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-05

申请号：US12362702

申请日：2009-01-30

申请人： VENKATESAN N. RANGANATHAN ,  Andrew D. Therber ,  Anoop Sharma ,  Hansjorg Zeller

发明人： VENKATESAN N. RANGANATHAN ,  Andrew D. Therber ,  Anoop Sharma ,  Hansjorg Zeller

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30595 ,  G06F17/30445 ,  G06F17/30516

摘要： A system and method for providing parallel result streams for database queries is provided. The system includes a network including a client, a server, and a database. The client executes an application and sends a query to the server. In response, the server compiles the query to produce a query plan, executes statements in the query plan and sends parallel result streams to the client.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于为数据库查询提供并行结果流的系统和方法。 该系统包括包括客户端，服务器和数据库的网络。 客户端执行应用程序并向服务器发送查询。 作为响应，服务器编译查询以产生查询计划，在查询计划中执行语句，并将并行结果流发送到客户端。

公开(公告)号：US5819255A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-06

申请号：US773695

申请日：1996-12-27

申请人： Pedro Celis ,  Jay Vaishnav ,  Hansjorg Zeller

发明人： Pedro Celis ,  Jay Vaishnav ,  Hansjorg Zeller

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30463 ,  Y10S707/99932 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99934 ,  Y10S707/99935 ,  Y10S707/99936

摘要： A system and method for optimizing a database query with improved performance enhancements is herein disclosed. The database query consists of one or more logical expressions. Through the repeated application of one or more rules, the logical expressions are transformed into physical expressions and in some cases, execution plans that implement the database query. Each expression has associated with it a set of group attributes that specifies its characteristic inputs and outputs and a cost that estimates the computational expense for executing the expression. The group attributes are used to categorize similar expressions into groups that are stored in a search data structure. They are also used to track duplicate expressions. The cost associated with an expression is used to guide the search process to consider those expressions that will produce low cost plans. The cost is estimated in accordance with a six-fold criteria with each criterion weighted to account for the context of the expression and the application's particular computing environment. The query optimizer is rule-based including transformation and implementation rules that are used to perform transformations on the logical expressions in a subproblem in order to produce a plan. A OnceGuidance guidance method is used to select a set of rules in certain cases that prevent the regeneration of an existing expression.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于优化具有改进的性能增强的数据库查询的系统和方法。 数据库查询由一个或多个逻辑表达式组成。 通过重复应用一个或多个规则，逻辑表达式被转换为物理表达式，在某些情况下，实现数据库查询的执行计划。 每个表达式与它相关联一组指定其特征输入和输出的组属性以及估计执行表达式的计算费用的成本。 组属性用于将类似表达式分组到存储在搜索数据结构中的组。 它们也用于跟踪重复表达式。 与表达式相关联的成本用于指导搜索过程来考虑将生成低成本计划的表达式。 成本按照六标准进行估算，每个标准的加权是为了说明表达式和应用程序的特定计算环境的上下文。 查询优化器是基于规则的，包括用于对子问题中的逻辑表达式执行转换以生成计划的转换和实现规则。 在一些阻止再现现有表达式的情况下，使用OnceGuidance指导方法来选择一组规则。

公开(公告)号：US08554760B2

公开(公告)日：2013-10-08

申请号：US12574911

申请日：2009-10-07

申请人： Suresh Subbiah ,  Lars Fredriksen ,  Murali Mallela Krishna ,  Hansjorg Zeller

发明人： Suresh Subbiah ,  Lars Fredriksen ,  Murali Mallela Krishna ,  Hansjorg Zeller

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30463

摘要： There is provided a computer-implemented method of optimizing a query. An exemplary method comprises receiving a first query configured to generate a result set. The query may comprise an operation for an outer table, a first predicate, and a second predicate. The second predicate may comprise a subquery correlated to the operation. Additionally, the first predicate and the second predicate may be disjunctive. The exemplary method also comprises generating a first query tree representing the first query, and generating a second query tree representing a second query. The second query may be configured to generate the result set, and may not comprise the subquery. The exemplary method additionally comprises generating a query plan based on the second query tree.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种优化查询的计算机实现的方法。 一种示例性方法包括接收配置成生成结果集的第一查询。 该查询可以包括外部表，第一谓词和第二谓词的操作。 第二谓词可以包括与该操作相关的子查询。 另外，第一谓词和第二谓词可能是分离的。 该示例性方法还包括生成表示第一查询的第一查询树，以及生成表示第二查询的第二查询树。 可以将第二查询配置为生成结果集，并且可以不包括子查询。 该示例性方法还包括基于第二查询树生成查询计划。

公开(公告)号：US06604102B2

公开(公告)日：2003-08-05

申请号：US09997823

申请日：2001-11-29

申请人： Johannes Klein ,  Robbert C. Van der Linden ,  Raj K. Rathee ,  Hansjorg Zeller

发明人： Johannes Klein ,  Robbert C. Van der Linden ,  Raj K. Rathee ,  Hansjorg Zeller

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： G06F17/30492 ,  G06F17/30516 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99934 ,  Y10S707/99935

摘要： The SQL compiler and SQL executor in a database management system are extended to process queries requiring streaming mode processing of data stored in a table. A scan operator performs table access functions during execution of the streaming mode query. The scan operator first performs an initial scan to access rows in a specified database table, and then performs a delta scan to access new rows added to the table, as well as rows modified by other queries. The scan operator continues to process new data added to the table until the initiating user or application closes the associated cursor. A set of data structures are provided to keep track of active scan operators, including a session control block that includes fields for keeping track of whether the scan operator is performing an initial scan or a delta scan. The session control block also includes, for streaming mode scan operators, a delta scan list of new and modified rows to be processed in the delta scan. When a transaction terminates, any streaming mode scan operators whose operation was suspended because of rows locked by the transaction are automatically rescheduled for execution.

公开(公告)号：US06339772B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-15

申请号：US09347997

申请日：1999-07-06

申请人： Johannes Klein ,  Robbert C. Van der Linden ,  Raj K. Rathee ,  Hansjorg Zeller

发明人： Johannes Klein ,  Robbert C. Van der Linden ,  Raj K. Rathee ,  Hansjorg Zeller

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： G06F17/30492 ,  G06F17/30516 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99934 ,  Y10S707/99935

摘要： The SQL compiler and SQL executor in a database management system are extended to process queries requiring streaming mode processing of data stored in a table. A scan operator performs table access functions during execution of the streaming mode query. The scan operator first performs an initial scan to access rows in a specified database table, and then performs a delta scan to access new rows added to the table, as well as rows modified by other queries. The scan operator continues to process new data added to the table until the initiating user or application closes the associated cursor. A set of data structures are provided to keep track of active scan operators, including a session control block that includes fields for keeping track of whether the scan operator is performing an initial scan or a delta scan. The session control block also includes, for streaming mode scan operators, a delta scan list of new and modified rows to be processed in the delta scan. When a transaction terminates, any streaming mode scan operators whose operation was suspended because of rows locked by the transaction are automatically rescheduled for execution.

摘要翻译： 数据库管理系统中的SQL编译器和SQL执行器被扩展到处理需要对存储在表中的数据进行流模式处理的查询。 扫描运算符在执行流模式查询期间执行表访问功能。 扫描操作员首先执行初始扫描以访问指定数据库表中的行，然后执行增量扫描以访问添加到表中的新行以及其他查询修改的行。 扫描运算符继续处理添加到表中的新数据，直到启动用户或应用程序关闭相关联的光标。 提供了一组数据结构来跟踪主动扫描运算符，包括会话控制块，其包括用于跟踪扫描运算符是执行初始扫描还是增量扫描的字段。 对于流模式扫描运算符，会话控制块还包括在delta扫描中要处理的新行和修改行的增量扫描列表。 当事务终止时，由于事务锁定行被暂停运行的任何流模式扫描运算符都将自动重新计划执行。

公开(公告)号：US6021405A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US763407

申请日：1996-12-11

申请人： Pedro Celis ,  Diana Shak ,  Jay Vaishnav ,  Hansjorg Zeller

发明人： Pedro Celis ,  Diana Shak ,  Jay Vaishnav ,  Hansjorg Zeller

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30463 ,  Y10S707/99932

摘要： A system and method for optimizing a database query with improved performance enhancements is herein disclosed. The database query consists of one or more logical expressions. Through the repeated application of one or more rules, the logical expressions are transformed into execution plans. The query optimizer partitions the database query into one or more subproblems with each subproblem consisting of one or more logical expressions. A plan is obtained for each subproblem with the plan for the database query including the plans for each subproblem. The query optimizer is cost-based and uses rules including transformation and implementation rules that are used to perform transformations on the logical expressions in a subproblem in order to produce a plan. The rules are classified into context-free and context-sensitive in order to avoid generating duplicate expressions. Context-free rules are applied once for each logical expression and context-sensitive rules are applied once for each logical expression for a particular optimization goal. In a preferred embodiment, the query optimizer performs several optimization passes over the database query in order to obtain an optimal plan. For each pass, if no optimal plan exists for the requested optimization goal, existing plans having the same optimization goal are utilized with each input reoptimized for a more cost effective plan.

摘要翻译： 本文公开了一种用于优化具有改进的性能增强的数据库查询的系统和方法。 数据库查询由一个或多个逻辑表达式组成。 通过重复应用一个或多个规则，将逻辑表达式转换为执行计划。 查询优化器将数据库查询分成一个或多个子问题，每个子问题由一个或多个逻辑表达式组成。 为每个子问题获得一个包含数据库查询计划的计划，包括每个子问题的计划。 查询优化器是基于成本的，并使用规则，包括转换和实现规则，用于对子问题中的逻辑表达式执行转换，以便生成计划。 规则分为无上下文和上下文相关，以避免生成重复表达式。 对每个逻辑表达式应用一次无上下文的规则，并为特定优化目标的每个逻辑表达式应用上下文相关规则一次。 在优选实施例中，查询优化器对数据库查询执行若干优化遍历，以便获得最佳计划。 对于每个通行证，如果对于所请求的优化目标没有最优计划，则使用具有相同优化目标的现有计划，每个输入被重新优化以获得更具成本效益的计划。

公开(公告)号：US09165032B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-20

申请号：US11986599

申请日：2007-11-21

申请人： Robert M Wehrmeister ,  Awny K Al-Omari ,  Subbarao Kakarlamudi ,  Zbigniew Omanski ,  Kashif A Siddiqui ,  Hansjorg Zeller ,  Peter Friedenbach

发明人： Robert M Wehrmeister ,  Awny K Al-Omari ,  Subbarao Kakarlamudi ,  Zbigniew Omanski ,  Kashif A Siddiqui ,  Hansjorg Zeller ,  Peter Friedenbach

IPC分类号： G06F7/00 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30445 ,  G06F17/30545

摘要： An enterprise data warehouse or business intelligence system having a plurality of processors and memory resources. The system includes at least a database server, a workload management system, a query compiler, and a query executor. The database server configured to receive a database query from an application at a database client system. The query compiler configured to prepare the execution plan for the query and compute the number of executive server processes (ESPs) in each ESP layer of the query. The workload management system is configured to generate an affinity value, and the query executor is configured to execute the query. As disclosed herein, placement of the executive server process layers of the query onto processors of the computing system is determined using the affinity value. Other embodiments, aspects and features are also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US20100191720A1

公开(公告)日：2010-07-29

申请号：US12322164

申请日：2009-01-29

申请人： Awny K. Al-Omari ,  Hansjorg Zeller ,  Tom C. Reyes

发明人： Awny K. Al-Omari ,  Hansjorg Zeller ,  Tom C. Reyes

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30463

摘要： Embodiments of the present invention are directed to query-optimization methods and systems that employ risk premiums assigned to database operations in order to increase the robustness and reliability of the evaluation and selection of query-execution plans for executing high-level database queries. Using risk-premium estimates, selection of query-execution plans that include potentially inefficient database operations and inefficient database-operation-execution sequences, often selected by currently available query-optimization methods and systems, are avoided.

摘要翻译： 本发明的实施例涉及使用分配给数据库操作的风险溢价的查询优化方法和系统，以便增加用于执行高级数据库查询的查询执行计划的评估和选择的鲁棒性和可靠性。 使用风险溢价估计，避免了通常由当前可用的查询优化方法和系统选择的查询执行计划的选择，其中包括潜在的低效数据库操作和低效的数据库操作执行顺序。