公开(公告)号：US06339221B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-15

申请号：US09454871

申请日：1999-12-03

申请人： Norman William Schubring ,  Joseph Vito Mantese ,  Adolph Louis Micheli ,  Antonio Buddy Catalan

发明人： Norman William Schubring ,  Joseph Vito Mantese ,  Adolph Louis Micheli ,  Antonio Buddy Catalan

IPC分类号： G01J510

CPC分类号： G01J5/34 ,  G01K7/003

摘要： A ferroelectric/pyroelectric sensor that employs a technique for determining a charge output of a pyroelectric element of the sensor by measuring the hysteresis loop output of the element several times during a particular time frame for the same temperature. An external AC signal is applied to the pyroelectric element to cause the hysteresis loop output from the element to switch polarization. Charge integration circuitry, such as a combination capacitor and operational amplifier, is employed to measure the charge from the element. A mechanical shutter is not used, and thus the charge integration output from the element is directly proportional to the incident radiation thereof.

摘要翻译： 一种铁电/热电传感器，其采用用于通过在相同温度的特定时间范围内测量元件的磁滞回线输出数次来确定传感器的热电元件的电荷输出的技术。 向热电元件施加外部AC信号以使得从元件输出的磁滞回线转换偏振。 采用诸如组合电容器和运算放大器的电荷积分电路来测量元件的电荷。 不使用机械快门，因此来自元件的电荷积分输出与其入射辐射成正比。

公开(公告)号：US06294784B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-25

申请号：US09241149

申请日：1999-02-01

申请人： Norman William Schubring ,  Joseph Vito Mantese ,  Adolph Louis Micheli ,  Antonio Buddy Catalan

发明人： Norman William Schubring ,  Joseph Vito Mantese ,  Adolph Louis Micheli ,  Antonio Buddy Catalan

IPC分类号： G01J510

CPC分类号： G01J5/34

摘要： A ferroelectric/pyroelectric sensor that employs a technique for determining a charge output of a pyroelectric element of the sensor by measuring the hysteresis loop output of the element several times during a particular time frame for the same temperature. An external AC signal is applied to the pyroelectric element to cause the hysteresis loop output from the element to switch polarization. The frequency of the external AC signal is greater than the frequency of a chopper selectively applying a reference temperature and a scene temperature alternately to the pyroelectric element. Each time the chopper provides the reference temperature or the scene temperature to the element, the alternating external source covers multiple cycles so that the hysteresis loop output is switched multiple times for increased signal averaging. Because the shape and size of the loop is different for the reference temperature and the scene temperature, a comparison between the measured charge for both time periods can be provided to give a signal having an increased signal-to-noise ratio.

摘要翻译： 一种铁电/热电传感器，其采用用于通过在相同温度的特定时间范围内测量元件的磁滞回线输出数次来确定传感器的热电元件的电荷输出的技术。 向热电元件施加外部AC信号以使得从元件输出的磁滞回线转换偏振。 外部AC信号的频率大于选择性地向热电元件施加基准温度和场景温度的斩波器的频率。 每次斩波器为元件提供参考温度或场景温度时，交替的外部源都会覆盖多个周期，以便使磁滞回线输出多次切换以增加信号平均。 由于循环的形状和尺寸对于参考温度和场景温度是不同的，所以可以提供两个时间段的测量的电荷之间的比较，以给出具有增加的信噪比的信号。

公开(公告)号：US5827960A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-27

申请号：US919644

申请日：1997-08-28

申请人： Michel Farid Sultan ,  Charles Robert Harrington ,  Michael James O'Rourke ,  Antonio Buddy Catalan

发明人： Michel Farid Sultan ,  Charles Robert Harrington ,  Michael James O'Rourke ,  Antonio Buddy Catalan

IPC分类号： G01F1/684 ,  G01F1/68

CPC分类号： G01F1/6845 ,  G01F1/684

摘要： A low cost, bi-directional manifold air flow sensing device based on sensed temperature differential due to airflow achieves improved sensitivity and frequency response by eliminating the heater element of the conventional sensor topology, and operating the sensor elements at a relatively higher current so that each temperature sensing element heats both itself and the other temperature sensing element. The sensitivity is significantly increased due to the increased current in the sensor elements, and the frequency response is significantly increased due to closer spacing of the sensor elements. With this new topology, the sensor elements are said to be mutually heated. In a particularly advantageous mechanization, the sensing device includes two separate pairs of upstream and downstream sensing elements, and the sensing elements are connected in the four legs of a Wheatstone bridge. The sensitivity is doubled since sensor elements are connected in each of the bridge legs, and performance and cost are improved through the elimination of off-chip bridge components. A simple, low cost, temperature compensation circuit compensates for ambient temperature variations.

摘要翻译： 基于由气流感测到的温度差异的低成本双向歧管空气流量感测装置通过消除常规传感器拓扑的加热器元件来实现改善的灵敏度和频率响应，并以相对较高的电流操作传感器元件，使得每个 温度感测元件本身和另一温度感测元件加热。 由于传感器元件中的电流增加，灵敏度显着增加，并且由于传感器元件的间隔更近，频率响应显着增加。 通过这种新的拓扑结构，传感器元件被认为是相互加热的。 在特别有利的机械化中，感测装置包括两对独立的上游和下游感测元件，并且传感元件连接在惠斯通电桥的四条腿中。 传感器元件连接在每个桥脚中时，灵敏度增加了一倍，通过消除芯片外部桥式组件，可以提高性能和成本。 简单，低成本的温度补偿电路补偿环境温度变化。