公开(公告)号：US5902006A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-11

申请号：US773497

申请日：1996-12-23

Applicant: Peter Janker ,  Willi Martin ,  Herbert Mehren

Inventor： Peter Janker ,  Willi Martin ,  Herbert Mehren

IPC: B60R13/02 ,  F16H59/02 ,  G05G1/06 ,  B60J9/00

CPC classification number: B60R13/02 ,  G05G1/06 ,  B60R13/0243 ,  F16H59/02 ,  F16H59/0278

Abstract: An ergonomically shaped exterior contour of a vehicle interior handle area, support area, or resting area is provided. The contour is formed by a flexible shaped element filled with an electro-rheologic fluid to which an electrical circuit operable from the interior is connected to reduce or increase the internal friction of the fluid to accommodate changes in shape of the contour.

Abstract translation: 提供车辆内部手柄区域，支撑区域或休息区域的人体工程学外形轮廓。 轮廓由填充有电流变流体的柔性成形元件形成，从内部可操作的电路可连接到电流流体流体，以减少或增加流体的内部摩擦以适应轮廓的形状变化。

公开(公告)号：US06182929B2

公开(公告)日：2001-02-06

申请号：US09161083

申请日：1998-09-25

Applicant: Willi Martin ,  Hans-Friedrich Siegling ,  Marcel Kuhn ,  Norbert Himmel

Inventor： Willi Martin ,  Hans-Friedrich Siegling ,  Marcel Kuhn ,  Norbert Himmel

IPC: B64C344

CPC classification number: B64C3/48 ,  B63B1/248 ,  B63B39/06 ,  B64C27/615 ,  B64C2027/7288 ,  Y02T50/34

Abstract: A load carrying structure having a selectively rigid or flexible characteristic includes a thermoplastic material (7) having a softening temperature above the operating temperature range of the load carrying structure, and a heating arrangement (8) provided to selectively heat the thermoplastic material to above its softening temperature. During normal operation, the thermoplastic material is in a rigid state and the overall load carrying structure is rigid to the prevailing loads. By activating the heating arrangement to heat the thermoplastic material to at least its softening temperature, the thermoplastic material and therewith the load carrying structure becomes flexible so that it may be deformed to a different configuration by applying a deforming load. Once the desired deformed configuration is achieved, the heating arrangement is deactivated, and the thermoplastic material is allowed to cool below its softening temperature so that it once again becomes rigid and rigidly fixes the new deformed configuration. The deforming force may be applied by any actuating mechanism, or for example by arranging shape memory alloys in connection with the thermoplastic material.

Abstract translation: 具有选择性刚性或柔性特性的承载结构包括具有高于承载结构的操作温度范围的软化温度的热塑性材料（7）和设置成选择性地将热塑性材料加热到其上方的加热装置（8） 软化温度。 在正常操作期间，热塑性材料处于刚性状态，并且整体承载结构对于主要载荷是刚性的。 通过激活加热装置以将热塑性材料加热到至少其软化温度，热塑性材料和承载载荷结构变得柔性，使得它可以通过施加变形载荷而变形到不同的构型。 一旦实现了所需的变形构型，则加热装置被停用，并且允许热塑性材料冷却到低于其软化温度，使得它再次变得刚性并刚性固定新的变形构型。 变形力可以通过任何致动机构施加，或者例如通过将形状记忆合金与热塑性材料相结合来施加。

公开(公告)号：US5718952A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-17

申请号：US323620

申请日：1994-10-17

Applicant: Werner Zimmermann ,  Hans-Friedrich Siegling ,  Willi Martin ,  Klaus Drechsler

Inventor： Werner Zimmermann ,  Hans-Friedrich Siegling ,  Willi Martin ,  Klaus Drechsler

IPC: F16L9/18 ,  F16L11/20 ,  F16L11/00 ,  F16L11/15

CPC classification number: F16L11/20 ,  F16L9/18 ,  Y10T137/7069 ,  Y10T428/13 ,  Y10T428/139 ,  Y10T428/24661 ,  Y10T428/24744

Abstract: A stiff elongated hollow structural member has a double-walled structure in the shape of a tube made of an interior tube which has an annular cross-section and an exterior tube which has a different cross-section, in a concentric arrangement. The interior and exterior tubes bound a hollow space filled with an incompressible liquid. Responsive to pressure increases in the liquid, the exterior tube in the elastic material range is bendingly deformable in the direction of a ring-circular cross-section or to a ring-circular cross-section. This hollow structural member can be used as an adjustable stiffness torsion member such as a vehicle steering shaft. Another disclosed adjustable stiffness hollow structural member includes a flat plate facing a corrugated plate to form a hollow space for the incompressible liquid. Increases in pressure of the liquid forces the corrugated member to a more flattened configuration.

Abstract translation: 刚性细长的中空结构构件具有双壁结构，其形状为具有环形横截面的内管和具有不同横截面的外管的同心配置的管。 内部和外部管道结合了一个填充有不可压缩液体的中空空间。 响应于液体中的压力增加，弹性材料范围中的外管在环形横截面的方向上可弯曲变形或环形横截面。 该中空结构构件可以用作诸如车辆转向轴的可调刚度扭转构件。 另一个公开的可调刚度中空结构构件包括面向波纹板的平板，以形成用于不可压缩液体的中空空间。 液体压力的增加迫使波纹状部件变得更平坦化。

公开(公告)号：US3937616A

公开(公告)日：1976-02-10

申请号：US518485

申请日：1974-10-29

Applicant: Joseph Cremer ,  Willi Martin

Inventor： Joseph Cremer ,  Willi Martin

IPC: C01B25/16 ,  C01B25/163 ,  B01J1/00

CPC classification number: C01B25/16 ,  Y10S203/06

Abstract: Phosphorous acid is produced from PCl.sub.3 and water in an apparatus, the essential parts of which include a reactor and an evaporator, which are connected together by means of a conduit running from the bottom of the reactor to the head of the evaporator. The evaporator communicates with the lower end of a separator of which the upstream end terminates in an off-gas outlet. More particularly, the downstream end of the evaporator is connected to a stripping column which is provided with an off-gas outlet opening into the off-gas outlet associated with the evaporator.