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    Method and apparatus for enhancing degraded document images
    1.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for enhancing degraded document images 失效
    用于增强退化文件图像的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5930393A

    公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

    申请号：US909388

    申请日：1997-08-11

    申请人： Tin Kam Ho ,  John D. Hobby

    发明人： Tin Kam Ho ,  John D. Hobby

    IPC分类号： G06K9/68 ,  G06K9/62 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/34 ,  G06K9/46

    CPC分类号： G06K9/6807

    摘要： A technique for the enhancement of degraded document images to improve their display quality characteristics and image recognition accuracy. Images believed to be representative of the same symbol which occur in different positions over a image source (e.g., a facsimile page) are clustered together. Using the symbols within a particular cluster, an average character image outline for that cluster of symbols is derived and thereafter used to refine the matching of symbols within the cluster and to determine a final representative symbol for that cluster. The final representative symbols from the various resulting clusters are then used to replace all matching images throughout the image source. Advantageously, the display quality and recognition accuracy of the image source is enhanced after application of the present invention due to the resulting improvement of the images in the image source.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于增强退化文档图像以提高其显示质量特性和图像识别精度的技术。 被认为代表在图像源（例如，传真页）上发生在不同位置的相同符号的图像被聚集在一起。 使用特定群集中的符号，导出该符号群集的平均字符图像轮廓，然后用于细化群集内符号的匹配并确定该群集的最终代表符号。 然后使用来自各种所得到的簇的最终代表符号来替换整个图像源中的所有匹配图像。 有利地，由于图像源中的图像的产生改善，在应用本发明之后，增强了图像源的显示质量和识别精度。

    Image classifier utilizing class distribution maps for character recognition
    2.
    发明授权
    Image classifier utilizing class distribution maps for character recognition 失效
    图像分类器利用用于字符识别的类分布图

    公开(公告)号：US5825925A

    公开(公告)日：1998-10-20

    申请号：US744291

    申请日：1996-11-06

    申请人： Henry Spalding Baird ,  Tin Kam Ho

    发明人： Henry Spalding Baird ,  Tin Kam Ho

    IPC分类号： G06K9/62 ,  G06T7/00 ,  G06K9/66

    CPC分类号： G06K9/6231 ,  G06K9/6228 ,  G06K9/6255 ,  G06K9/6268 ,  G06K2209/01

    摘要： An image classifier, which performs character recognition, receives input images and assigns each input image to one of a plurality of image classes. The image classifier includes plural class distribution maps, each based on a plurality of features evaluated on training images, and each representing those feature values that occur at least once among the training images belonging to the corresponding class. The image classifier further includes means for constructing a test map by evaluating the plurality of features on the input image. The image classifier further includes means for comparing the test map to the class distribution maps in order to identify which one of the class distribution maps has the least distance to the test map. At least one of the features is defined according to a rule that relates to the shapes of images of at least one image class.

    摘要翻译： 执行字符识别的图像分类器接收输入图像并将每个输入图像分配给多个图像类别中的一个。 图像分类器包括多个类分布图，每个分布图基于在训练图像上评估的多个特征，并且每个表示属于相应类的训练图像中至少出现一次的特征值。 图像分类器还包括通过评估输入图像上的多个特征来构建测试图的装置。 图像分类器还包括用于将测试图与类分布图进行比较的装置，以便识别类分布图中哪一个与测试图具有最小距离。 根据与至少一个图像类的图像的形状有关的规则来定义至少一个特征。

    Methods and Apparatus for Instability Detection in Inter-Domain Routing
    7.
    发明申请
    Methods and Apparatus for Instability Detection in Inter-Domain Routing 有权
    域间路由不稳定检测方法与装置

    公开(公告)号：US20080130645A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-06-05

    申请号：US11564931

    申请日：2006-11-30

    申请人： Shivani Deshpande ,  Tin Kam Ho ,  Marina K. Thottan

    发明人： Shivani Deshpande ,  Tin Kam Ho ,  Marina K. Thottan

    IPC分类号： H04L12/56

    CPC分类号： H04L45/28 ,  H04L41/0631 ,  H04L43/00 ,  H04L43/0829 ,  H04L43/16 ,  H04L45/04

    摘要： Improved techniques are disclosed for detecting instability events in data communications systems that support inter-administrative domain (inter-domain) routing. For example, a technique for detecting an instability event in a communications system supporting inter-administrative domain routing includes the following steps. At an inter-domain router, one or more features are extracted from one or more messages obtained from at least another router in the communications system. The one or more extracted features include a path length feature, a path edit distance feature, or a combination thereof. Then, the inter-domain router detects whether an instability event has occurred in the communications system based on the one or more extracted features such that an action can be effectuated. By way of example, the one or more messages may include one or more border gateway protocol update messages and the inter-domain router may be a border gateway protocol router.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于检测支持跨管理域（域间）路由的数据通信系统中的不稳定性事件的改进的技术。 例如，用于检测支持管理域间路由的通信系统中的不稳定性事件的技术包括以下步骤。 在域间路由器中，从通信系统中的至少另一个路由器获得的一个或多个消息中提取一个或多个特征。 一个或多个提取的特征包括路径长度特征，路径编辑距离特征或其组合。 然后，域间路由器基于一个或多个提取的特征来检测通信系统中是否发生不稳定事件，使得可以实现动作。 作为示例，一个或多个消息可以包括一个或多个边界网关协议更新消息，并且域间路由器可以是边界网关协议路由器。

    Methods and apparatus for instability detection in inter-domain routing
    8.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for instability detection in inter-domain routing 有权
    域间路由不稳定检测的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US08699357B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-04-15

    申请号：US11564931

    申请日：2006-11-30

    申请人： Shivani Deshpande ,  Tin Kam Ho ,  Marina K. Thottan

    发明人： Shivani Deshpande ,  Tin Kam Ho ,  Marina K. Thottan

    IPC分类号： H04J1/16 ,  H04L1/00 ,  G06F15/173 ,  G06F11/00

    CPC分类号： H04L45/28 ,  H04L41/0631 ,  H04L43/00 ,  H04L43/0829 ,  H04L43/16 ,  H04L45/04

    摘要： Improved techniques are disclosed for detecting instability events in data communications systems that support inter-administrative domain (inter-domain) routing. For example, a technique for detecting an instability event in a communications system supporting inter-administrative domain routing includes the following steps. At an inter-domain router, one or more features are extracted from one or more messages obtained from at least another router in the communications system. The one or more extracted features include a path length feature, a path edit distance feature, or a combination thereof. Then, the inter-domain router detects whether an instability event has occurred in the communications system based on the one or more extracted features such that an action can be effectuated. By way of example, the one or more messages may include one or more border gateway protocol update messages and the inter-domain router may be a border gateway protocol router.

    摘要翻译： 公开了用于检测支持跨管理域（域间）路由的数据通信系统中的不稳定性事件的改进的技术。 例如，用于检测支持管理域间路由的通信系统中的不稳定性事件的技术包括以下步骤。 在域间路由器中，从通信系统中的至少另一个路由器获得的一个或多个消息中提取一个或多个特征。 一个或多个提取的特征包括路径长度特征，路径编辑距离特征或其组合。 然后，域间路由器基于一个或多个提取的特征来检测通信系统中是否发生不稳定事件，使得可以实现动作。 作为示例，一个或多个消息可以包括一个或多个边界网关协议更新消息，并且域间路由器可以是边界网关协议路由器。

    Location-Based Services Using Geofences Generated from Learned Patterns of Movement
    10.
    发明申请
    Location-Based Services Using Geofences Generated from Learned Patterns of Movement 审中-公开
    使用从学习运动模式产生的地理位置的基于位置的服务

    公开(公告)号：US20100203901A1

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-12

    申请号：US12369319

    申请日：2009-02-11

    申请人： Robert K. Dinoff ,  Tin Kam Ho ,  Richard B. Hull ,  Bharat Kumar ,  Daniel Francis Lieuwen ,  Hendrik B. Meeuwissen ,  Haobo Ren ,  Paulo A. Santos

    发明人： Robert K. Dinoff ,  Tin Kam Ho ,  Richard B. Hull ,  Bharat Kumar ,  Daniel Francis Lieuwen ,  Hendrik B. Meeuwissen ,  Haobo Ren ,  Paulo A. Santos

    IPC分类号： H04W24/00

    CPC分类号： H04W4/022 ,  H04W8/18 ,  H04W64/00

    摘要： Location-based services are provided in a communication system comprising a wireless network. In one aspect, information indicative of location of a given mobile user device of the system is periodically collected. The collected location information is processed in a server or other processing device of the system to determine at least one normal pattern of movement of the mobile user device from at least a first location to a second location. An alert is generated if subsequent movement of the mobile user device from the first location to the second location exhibits a significant deviation from the normal pattern of movement. The normal pattern of movement may be used to generate a multidimensional geofence that includes, in addition to a geographic area dimension, at least one additional dimension such as, for example, a speed of movement dimension, a direction of movement dimension, a stop duration dimension, or a related device proximity dimension.

    摘要翻译： 在包括无线网络的通信系统中提供基于位置的服务。 在一个方面，周期性地收集指示系统的给定移动用户设备的位置的信息。 所收集的位置信息在系统的服务器或其他处理装置中被处理，以便确定移动用户装置从至少第一位置到第二位置的至少一个正常运动模式。 如果移动用户设备从第一位置到第二位置的后续移动显示出与正常运动模式的显着偏差，则产生警报。 正常运动模式可以用于产生多维地理围栏，除了地理区域尺寸之外，还包括至少一个额外的维度，例如移动维度的速度，移动维度的方向，停止持续时间 尺寸或相关设备接近尺寸。