公开(公告)号：US08855113B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-07

申请号：US13611981

申请日：2012-09-12

申请人： Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III ,  Uma S. Chunduri

发明人： Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III ,  Uma S. Chunduri

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/751

CPC分类号： H04L45/02

摘要： Methods and apparatus for a network element to handle LSID collisions to prevent different LSAs associated with different routes from sharing the same LSID. According to one embodiment, responsive to determining that a tentative LSID that is generated for a first route that is being added collides with an LSID that is assigned to an LSA for a second route, and that one of the first and second routes is a host route, the host route is suppressed. If the first route is the host route, suppressing includes not originating an LSA for the first route. If the second route is the host route, suppressing includes purging the LSA for the second route and not originating an LSA for the second route. Although the host route is suppressed, network reachability of the range subsuming the host route is provided through the route that is not the host route.

摘要翻译： 用于处理LSID冲突的网元的方法和装置，以防止与不同路由相关联的不同LSA共享相同的LSID。 根据一个实施例，响应于确定为被添加的第一路由生成的临时LSID与分配给用于第二路由的LSA的LSID相冲突，并且所述第一和第二路由中的一个是主机 路由，主机路由被抑制。 如果第一条路由是主机路由，则抑制包括不发起第一条路由的LSA。 如果第二路由是主机路由，则抑制包括清除第二路由的LSA，而不是为第二路由发起LSA。 虽然主机路由被抑制，但是通过不是主机路由的路由来提供包含主机路由的范围的网络可达性。

公开(公告)号：US08289961B2

公开(公告)日：2012-10-16

申请号：US12544789

申请日：2009-08-20

申请人： Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III ,  Uma S. Chunduri

发明人： Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III ,  Uma S. Chunduri

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/02

摘要： Methods and apparatus for a network element to handle LSID collisions to prevent different LSAs associated with different routes from sharing the same LSID. According to one embodiment, responsive to determining that a tentative LSID that is generated for a first route that is being added collides with an LSID that is assigned to an LSA for a second route, and that one of the first and second routes is a host route, the host route is suppressed. If the first route is the host route, suppressing includes not originating an LSA for the first route. If the second route is the host route, suppressing includes purging the LSA for the second route and not originating an LSA for the second route. Although the host route is suppressed, network reachability of the range subsuming the host route is provided through the route that is not the host route.

摘要翻译： 用于处理LSID冲突的网元的方法和装置，以防止与不同路由相关联的不同LSA共享相同的LSID。 根据一个实施例，响应于确定为被添加的第一路由生成的临时LSID与分配给用于第二路由的LSA的LSID相冲突，并且所述第一和第二路由中的一个是主机 路由，主机路由被抑制。 如果第一条路由是主机路由，则抑制包括不发起第一条路由的LSA。 如果第二路由是主机路由，则抑制包括清除第二路由的LSA，而不是为第二路由发起LSA。 虽然主机路由被抑制，但是通过不是主机路由的路由来提供包含主机路由的范围的网络可达性。

公开(公告)号：US08964758B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-24

申请号：US13349392

申请日：2012-01-12

申请人： Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

发明人： Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04J1/16 ,  H04J3/14 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/775 ,  H04L12/773 ,  H04L12/707

CPC分类号： H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/58 ,  H04L45/60

摘要： A network element is configured to reduce the synchronization costs for implementing Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Nonstop routing (NSR). The reduced synchronization costs are achieved by reducing the number of acknowledgement messages that are needed to be sent though reliable inter-process communication (IPC) between the active OSPF instance and the standby OSPF instance. The number of acknowledgement messages is reduced by tracking the link state advertisements (LSAs) that have been sent by the active OSPF instance to the standby OSPF instance and by the standby OSPF replying with an acknowledgement of only the last LSA in a group of LSAs received from the active OSPF instance, where the group can have a variety of boundaries such as a group of LSAs in an IPC message. This avoids having a significant number of acknowledgement messages sent through the IPC.

摘要翻译： 网元被配置为减少实现开放最短路径优先（OSPF）不间断路由（NSR）的同步成本。 降低的同步成本是通过减少在活动的OSPF实例和备用OSPF实例之间通过可靠的进程间通信（IPC）需要发送的确认消息的数量来实现的。 通过跟踪已经由主动OSPF实例发送到备用OSPF实例的链路状态通告（LSA），以及通过仅接收所接收到的一组LSA中最后一个LSA的确认的备用OSPF来回复确认消息的数量 来自活动的OSPF实例，其中组可以具有各种边界，例如IPC消息中的一组LSA。 这避免了通过IPC发送大量确认消息。

公开(公告)号：US08958430B2

公开(公告)日：2015-02-17

申请号：US13349530

申请日：2012-01-12

申请人： Ing-Wher Chen ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

发明人： Ing-Wher Chen ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/703

CPC分类号： H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/023 ,  H04L45/123 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/58 ,  H04L45/60

摘要： Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Non-stop Routing (NSR) with frozen standby LSDB is described. A network element includes a first OSPF instance initially acting as an active OSPF instance and a second OSPF instance initially acting as a standby OSPF instance. The second OSPF instance receives LSAs from the first OSPF instance and installs the LSAs in its LSDB. The LSAs in the LSDB are only aged by the active OSPF instance. If and when the second OSPF instance becomes the active OSPF instance, the second OSPF instance then ages the LSAs in the LSDB and processes each of the LSAs according to the aging of that LSA, where processing includes one of purging that LSA and refreshing that LSA.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有冻结备用LSDB的开放最短路径优先（OSPF）不间断路由（NSR）。 一个网络元素包括最初起作用的活动的OSPF实例的第一个OSPF实例和最初充当备用OSPF实例的第二个OSPF实例。 第二个OSPF实例从第一个OSPF实例接收LSA，并在其LSDB中安装LSA。 LSDB中的LSA只能由活动的OSPF实例进行老化。 如果当第二个OSPF实例成为活动的OSPF实例时，第二个OSPF实例会老化LSDB中的LSA，并根据该LSA的老化处理每个LSA，其中处理包括清除LSA并刷新该LSA 。

公开(公告)号：US20130083801A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-04

申请号：US13349392

申请日：2012-01-12

申请人： Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

发明人： Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/58 ,  H04L45/60

摘要： A network element is configured to reduce the synchronization costs for implementing Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Nonstop routing (NSR). The reduced synchronization costs are achieved by reducing the number of acknowledgement messages that are needed to be sent though reliable inter-process communication (IPC) between the active OSPF instance and the standby OSPF instance. The number of acknowledgement messages is reduced by tracking the link state advertisements (LSAs) that have been sent by the active OSPF instance to the standby OSPF instance and by the standby OSPF replying with an acknowledgement of only the last LSA in a group of LSAs received from the active OSPF instance, where the group can have a variety of boundaries such as a group of LSAs in an IPC message. This avoids having a significant number of acknowledgement messages sent through the IPC.

摘要翻译： 网元被配置为减少实现开放最短路径优先（OSPF）不间断路由（NSR）的同步成本。 降低的同步成本是通过减少在活动的OSPF实例和备用OSPF实例之间通过可靠的进程间通信（IPC）需要发送的确认消息的数量来实现的。 通过跟踪已经由主动OSPF实例发送到备用OSPF实例的链路状态通告（LSA），以及通过仅接收所接收到的一组LSA中最后一个LSA的确认的备用OSPF来回复确认消息的数量 来自活动的OSPF实例，其中组可以具有各种边界，例如IPC消息中的一组LSA。 这避免了通过IPC发送大量确认消息。

公开(公告)号：US20130070637A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-21

申请号：US13310653

申请日：2011-12-02

申请人： Alfred C. Lindem, III ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen

发明人： Alfred C. Lindem, III ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/32

摘要： A network element is configured for open shortest path first (OSPF) non-stop routing (NSR) with reliable flooding. An active OSPF instance determines to flood a link-state advertisement (LSA). The LSA is synchronized with a backup OSPF instance including storing the LSA with a status that indicates that flooding is pending. The active OSPF instance attempts to reliably flood the LSA to a set of adjacent network elements of the flooding scope of the LSA. If flooding of the LSA completes, the active OSPF instance causes the backup OSPF instance to alter the status of the LSA to indicate that flooding is complete. If the backup OSPF instance becomes the currently active OSPF instance prior to the flooding of the LSA completing, then the new active OSPF instance attempts to reliably flood the LSA.

摘要翻译： 网络元素配置为具有可靠淹没的开放最短路径优先（OSPF）不间断路由（NSR）。 活动的OSPF实例决定了洪泛链路状态广告（LSA）。 LSA与备份OSPF实例同步，包括存储LSA，状态指示洪泛等待处理。 活动的OSPF实例尝试将LSA可靠地泛洪到LSA的泛洪范围的一组相邻网元。 如果LSA的泛洪完成，则活动的OSPF实例会使备份OSPF实例改变LSA的状态，表示洪泛完成。 如果备份OSPF实例在LSA完成洪泛之前成为当前活动的OSPF实例，则新的活动OSPF实例会尝试可靠地洪泛LSA。

公开(公告)号：US08923312B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-30

申请号：US13345508

申请日：2012-01-06

申请人： Ing-Wher Chen ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

发明人： Ing-Wher Chen ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

IPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  H04L12/703 ,  H04L12/755 ,  H04L12/775 ,  H04L12/773 ,  H04B7/212 ,  H04L12/707

CPC分类号： H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/021 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/58 ,  H04L45/60

摘要： A network element is configured for synchronizing dynamic OSPF data between an active OSPF instance and a backup OSPF instance. Upon an OSPF data synchronization event, the active OSPF instance synchronizes dynamic OSPF data with the backup OSPF instance. Upon receiving the dynamic OSPF data, the backup OSPF instance determines whether the requisite data structures exist. If the data structures do not exist, the backup OSPF instance returns a NACK to the active OSPF instance and clears its dynamic OSPF data. Responsive to receiving the NACK, the active OSPF instance resynchronizes its dynamic OSPF data with the backup OSPF instance.

摘要翻译： 网元配置为在活动的OSPF实例和备份OSPF实例之间同步动态OSPF数据。 在OSPF数据同步事件中，活动OSPF实例将动态OSPF数据与备份OSPF实例同步。 备份OSPF实例在接收到动态OSPF数据后，确定是否存在必需的数据结构。 如果数据结构不存在，则备份OSPF实例将向活动OSPF实例返回NACK，并清除其动态OSPF数据。 响应于接收到NACK，活动OSPF实例将其动态OSPF数据与备份OSPF实例重新同步。

公开(公告)号：US20120147888A1

公开(公告)日：2012-06-14

申请号：US12966895

申请日：2010-12-13

申请人： Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

发明人： Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

IPC分类号： H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/54

摘要： A network element of a communications network includes a fresh route queue, a stale route queue, a Routing Information Base (RIB), a network interface, and a routing protocol module. The network interface receives link state information from other network elements. The routing protocol module determines a plurality of routes from the link state information. The routing protocol module identifies among the plurality of routes a subset of routes that are present in the stale route queue, adds the subset of routes to the fresh route queue, and deletes the subset of routes from the stale route queue. The routing protocol module then remove routes in the RIB that correspond to any routes remaining in the stale route queue, and moves the routes from the fresh route queue to the stale route queue. Related methods for managing routes in a RIB of a network element are disclosed.

摘要翻译： 通信网络的网元包括新路由队列，陈旧路由队列，路由信息库（RIB），网络接口和路由协议模块。 网络接口从其他网元接收链路状态信息。 路由协议模块从链路状态信息确定多条路由。 路由协议模块在多个路由中标识出现在过时路由队列中的路由的子集，将路由子集添加到新路由队列，并从陈旧的路由队列中删除路由子集。 路由协议模块然后删除RIB中与残留在过时路由队列中的任何路由相对应的路由，并将路由从新鲜路由队列移动到陈旧的路由队列。 公开了一种用于管理网元的RIB中的路由的相关方法。

公开(公告)号：US08913485B2

公开(公告)日：2014-12-16

申请号：US13350234

申请日：2012-01-13

申请人： Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

发明人： Wenhu Lu ,  Ing-Wher Chen ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

IPC分类号： H04L12/713 ,  H04L12/757 ,  H04L12/755 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/703

CPC分类号： H04L45/586 ,  H04L45/021 ,  H04L45/026 ,  H04L45/28

摘要： OSPF NSR with link derivation synchronization is described. When a network element having an active OSPF instance and a standby OSPF instance attempts to create a FULL adjacency with a neighbor network element using a neighbor data structure of the active OSPF instance, and if and when a switch causes the second OSPF instance to act as the active OSPF instance, neighbor information is retrieved from the LSAs of the standby OSPF instance and a link is derived between the network element and the neighbor network element based on the retrieved neighbor information. In one embodiment, the standby OSPF instance retrieves virtual neighbor information from its LSAs and derives a virtual link between the network element and the neighbor network element based on the retrieved virtual neighbor information without having to synchronize the neighbor information between the active and standby OSPF instance.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有链路导出同步的OSPF NSR。 当具有活动OSPF实例和备用OSPF实例的网元尝试使用活动OSPF实例的邻居数据结构与邻居网元建立FULL邻接关系时，以及交换机如果和何时使第二个OSPF实例充当 主动OSPF实例，从备用OSPF实例的LSA检索邻居信息，并根据检索到的邻居信息在网元和邻居网元之间导出链路。 在一个实施例中，备用OSPF实例从其LSA检索虚拟邻居信息，并且基于检索到的虚拟邻居信息导出网元和邻居网元之间的虚拟链路，而不必同步主备OSPF实例之间的邻居信息 。

公开(公告)号：US20130083802A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-04

申请号：US13349530

申请日：2012-01-12

申请人： Ing-Wher Chen ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

发明人： Ing-Wher Chen ,  Wenhu Lu ,  Alfred C. Lindem, III

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/023 ,  H04L45/123 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/58 ,  H04L45/60

摘要： Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Non-stop Routing (NSR) with frozen standby LSDB is described. A network element includes a first OSPF instance initially acting as an active OSPF instance and a second OSPF instance initially acting as a standby OSPF instance. The second OSPF instance receives LSAs from the first OSPF instance and installs the LSAs in its LSDB. The LSAs in the LSDB are only aged by the active OSPF instance. If and when the second OSPF instance becomes the active OSPF instance, the second OSPF instance then ages the LSAs in the LSDB and processes each of the LSAs according to the aging of that LSA, where processing includes one of purging that LSA and refreshing that LSA.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有冻结备用LSDB的开放最短路径优先（OSPF）不间断路由（NSR）。 一个网络元素包括最初起作用的活动的OSPF实例的第一个OSPF实例和最初充当备用OSPF实例的第二个OSPF实例。 第二个OSPF实例从第一个OSPF实例接收LSA，并在其LSDB中安装LSA。 LSDB中的LSA只能由活动的OSPF实例进行老化。 如果当第二个OSPF实例成为活动的OSPF实例时，第二个OSPF实例会老化LSDB中的LSA，并根据该LSA的老化处理每个LSA，其中处理包括清除LSA并刷新该LSA 。