Abstract:
Examples are disclosed herein relating to detecting a change in a substrate. A system can include a transducer that can be frequency matched to a substrate and to provide an electrical signal that can characterize a reflected sound wave by the substrate. The system can include an acoustic wave analysis system to detect a change in a physical characteristic of the substrate.
Abstract:
A vibration-assisted bias charge roll cleaning system includes a bias charge roll cleaning member connected to an actuator for causing the cleaning member to vibrate. The actuator is controlled to vibrate according to a predetermined pattern, and at desired frequencies at particular modes. The cleaning member is configured to be movable to a contact-cleaning position and a cleaning member cleaning position at which the cleaning member is separate from the charge roll.