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公开(公告)号：US20140146049A1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-29
申请号：US13687535
申请日：2012-11-28
发明人： Cüneyt Özdas , Steven Blackmon
IPC分类号： G06T15/06
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： In one aspect, a method provides for iteratively taking passes of samples for each pixel of a set of pixels. Initially, the set of pixels can be all of the pixels of an image. For each pixel, an accumulated color at the beginning of a pass and at the end of a pass can be compared. If a difference between these is within a threshold, a convergence count, which begins at an initial value, is reduced. If the difference is not within the threshold, then the convergence count is reset. When the convergence count reaches a preset value, then the pixel is considered converged and removed from the set. However, if a pixel adjacent to a converged pixel fails a convergence test, then the converged pixel is reset to unconverged and returned to the set and at least a minimum number of additional sample passes are undertaken for that pixel.
摘要翻译： 在一个方面，一种方法提供了迭代地获取一组像素的每个像素的样本的遍数。 最初，像素集合可以是图像的所有像素。 对于每个像素，可以比较在通过开始和通过结束时的累积颜色。 如果它们之间的差异在阈值之内，则从初始值开始的收敛计数被减少。 如果差值不在阈值内，则收敛计数被复位。 当收敛计数达到预设值时，该像素被认为是从集合收敛和去除。 然而，如果与会聚像素相邻的像素失败了会聚测试，则会聚像素被重置为未变换并返回到该集合，并且针对该像素进行至少最小数量的附加采样遍。
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公开(公告)号：US20140071123A1
公开(公告)日：2014-03-13
申请号：US13959552
申请日：2013-08-05
IPC分类号： G06T15/06
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/005 , G06T15/50 , G06T15/80
摘要： Ray tracing, and more generally, graphics operations taking place in a 3-D scene, involve a plurality of constituent graphics operations. Responsibility for executing these operations can be distributed among different sets of computation units. The sets of computation units each can execute a set of instructions on a parallelized set of input data elements and produce results. These results can be that the data elements can be categorized into different subsets, where each subset requires different processing as a next step. The data elements of these different subsets can be coalesced so that they are contiguous in a results set. The results set can be used to schedule additional computation, and if there are empty locations of a scheduling vector (after accounting for the members of a given subset), then those empty locations can be filled with other data elements that require the same further processing as that subset.
摘要翻译： 光线跟踪，更一般地，在3-D场景中发生的图形操作涉及多个组成图形操作。 执行这些操作的责任可以分布在不同的计算单元组之间。 各组计算单元可以在并行化的一组输入数据元素上执行一组指令，并产生结果。 这些结果可以是数据元素可以分为不同的子集，其中每个子集需要不同的处理作为下一步骤。 这些不同子集的数据元素可以合并，使得它们在结果集中是连续的。 结果集可以用于调度附加计算，并且如果存在调度向量的空位置（在计算给定子集的成员之后），则那些空位置可以用需要相同进一步处理的其他数据元素填充 作为该子集。
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公开(公告)号：US20130147803A1
公开(公告)日：2013-06-13
申请号：US13526435
申请日：2012-06-18
IPC分类号： G06T15/06
CPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/005
摘要： For ray tracing scenes composed of primitives, systems and methods can traverse rays through an acceleration structure. The traversal can be implemented by concurrently testing a plurality of nodes of the acceleration structure for intersection with a sequence of one or more rays. Such testing can occur in a plurality of test cells. Leaf nodes of the acceleration structure can bound primitives, and a sequence primitives can be tested concurrently for intersection in the test cells against a plurality of rays that have intersected a given leaf node. Intersection testing of a particular leaf node can be deferred until a sufficient quantity of rays have been collected for that node.
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公开(公告)号：US08441482B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-14
申请号：US12563436
申请日：2009-09-21
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： Aspects include systems, methods, and media for implementing methods relating to detection of invalid intersections during ray tracing. Invalid intersections can arise from imprecision in computer-based number representation, causing ray origins to be located inappropriately. In some aspects, a ray can be associated with information relating to an expected angle between the ray's direction and a normal for a to-be-identified primitive intersected by that ray. If the angle between the ray's direction and the normal of an intersected primitive is within expectations, then that information can be used in predicting whether the intersection is valid. Such expectation information can be presented as a single bit determined by a shader performing a dot product of the ray and a normal of a primitive intersected by a parent ray, or can be obtained as a by-product of ray/primitive intersection testing. Such information also can be based on whether the shader is emitting to have reflection or refraction type ray behavior.
摘要翻译： 方面包括系统，方法和介质，用于在射线跟踪期间实现与无效交叉点的检测有关的方法。 无效的交点可能来自于基于计算机的数字表示的不精确性，导致射线原点被不适当地定位。 在一些方面，射线可以与关于与该射线相交的被识别原始物的射线方向与法线的预期角度有关的信息相关联。 如果射线方向与相交原理的法线之间的角度在预期之内，那么该信息可用于预测交点是否有效。 这样的期望信息可以作为由执行光线的点积的着色器和由母线相交的原语的法线确定的单个位来呈现，或者可以作为光线/原始相交测试的副产品获得。 这样的信息也可以基于着色器是否发射具有反射或折射型射线行为。
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公开(公告)号：US20110069067A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-24
申请号：US12563436
申请日：2009-09-21
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： Aspects include systems, methods, and media for implementing methods relating to detection of invalid intersections during ray tracing. Invalid intersections can arise from imprecision in computer-based number representation, causing ray origins to be located inappropriately. In some aspects, a ray can be associated with information relating to an expected angle between the ray's direction and a normal for a to-be-identified primitive intersected by that ray. If the angle between the ray's direction and the normal of an intersected primitive is within expectations, then that information can be used in predicting whether the intersection is valid. Such expectation information can be presented as a single bit determined by a shader performing a dot product of the ray and a normal of a primitive intersected by a parent ray, or can be obtained as a by-product of ray/primitive intersection testing. Such information also can be based on whether the shader is emitting to have reflection or refraction type ray behavior.
摘要翻译： 方面包括系统，方法和介质，用于在射线跟踪期间实现与无效交叉点的检测有关的方法。 无效的交点可能来自于基于计算机的数字表示的不精确性，导致射线原点被不适当地定位。 在一些方面，射线可以与关于与该射线相交的被识别原始物的射线方向与法线的预期角度有关的信息相关联。 如果射线方向与相交原理的法线之间的角度在预期之内，那么该信息可用于预测交点是否有效。 这样的期望信息可以作为由执行光线的点积的着色器和由母线相交的原语的法线确定的单个位来呈现，或者可以作为光线/原始相交测试的副产品获得。 这样的信息也可以基于着色器是否发射具有反射或折射型射线行为。
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公开(公告)号：US20100332523A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-30
申请号：US12825728
申请日：2010-06-29
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30533 , G06F17/30592
摘要： In one aspect, photon queries are answered using systems and methods of traversal of collections of photon queries through an acceleration structure, to identify photons meeting a specification of a given query. Such systems and methods can be extended to satisfying similarity queries in an n-dimensional parameter space. Queries can be associated with code (or pointers to code) that are run to achieve closure of that query. Queries can cause further queries to be emitted. Arbitrary data can be passed from one query to another; for example, parameters defined internally to the code modules themselves (e.g., the parameters do not need to have a definition or meaning to the systems or within the methods).
摘要翻译： 在一个方面，使用通过加速结构遍历光子查询的集合的系统和方法回答光子查询，以识别符合给定查询的规范的光子。 这样的系统和方法可以扩展到在n维参数空间中满足相似性查询。 查询可以与运行以实现该查询关闭的代码（或代码指针）相关联。 查询可能会导致进一步的查询被排除。 任意数据可以从一个查询传递给另一个查询; 例如，在代码模块本身内部定义的参数（例如，参数不需要具有对系统的定义或含义或在方法内）。
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7.发明申请METHOD, APPARATUS, AND COMPUTER READABLE MEDIUM FOR LIGHT ENERGY ACCOUNTING IN RAY TRACING 有权方法，装备和计算机可读性介质，用于光线跟踪中的能源会计公开(公告)号：US20090096789A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US11872593
申请日：2007-10-15
IPC分类号： G06T15/50
CPC分类号： G06T15/06
摘要： For ray tracing systems, described methods, media, apparatuses provide for accounting of light energy that will be collected at pixels of a 2-D representation without recursive closure of a tree of ray/primitive intersections, and also provide for adaptivity in ray tracing based on importance indicators of each ray, such as a weight, which may be carried in data structures representative of the rays. Examples of such adaptivity may include determining a number of children to issue for shading an identified intersecting primitive, culling rays, and adding rays to achieve more accurate sampling, if desired. All such adaptivity may be triggered with goal-based indicators, such as a threshold value representative of rendering progress to a time-based goal, such as a frame rate.
摘要翻译： 对于光线跟踪系统，所描述的方法，介质，设备提供将会在2-D表示的像素处收集的光能的记录，而不是光线/原始相交的树的递归闭合，并且还提供基于光线跟踪的适应性 关于每个射线的重要性指标，例如重量，其可以在代表射线的数据结构中携带。 这种适应性的示例可以包括确定若干儿童发出遮蔽所识别的相交原始图像，剔除光线和添加光线以实现更准确的采样，如果需要的话。 可以利用基于目标的指示符来触发所有这样的自适应，例如代表将进度渲染到基于时间的目标（例如帧速率）的阈值。
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公开(公告)号：US08692834B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-08
申请号：US13567091
申请日：2012-08-06
CPC分类号： G06T15/005 , G06F9/5033 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/52 , G06F15/8007 , G06T1/20 , G06T1/60 , G06T15/06 , G06T2200/28
摘要： In some aspects, systems and methods provide for forming groupings of a plurality of independently-specified computation workloads, such as graphics processing workloads, and in a specific example, ray tracing workloads. The workloads include a scheduling key, which is one basis on which the groupings can be formed. Workloads grouped together can all execute from the same source of instructions, one or more different private data elements. Such workloads can recursively instantiate other workloads that reference the same private data elements. In some examples, the scheduling key can be used to identify a data element to be used by all the workloads of a grouping. Memory conflicts to private data elements are handled through scheduling of non-conflicted workloads or specific instructions an deferring conflicted workloads instead of locking memory locations.
摘要翻译： 在一些方面，系统和方法提供用于形成多个独立指定的计算工作负荷（诸如图形处理工作负载）以及在具体示例中的光线跟踪工作负载的分组。 工作负载包括一个调度密钥，这是可以形成分组的一个基础。 分组在一起的工作负载都可以从相同的指令来源执行，一个或多个不同的私有数据元素。 这样的工作负载可以递归地实例化引用相同私有数据元素的其他工作负载。 在一些示例中，调度密钥可用于标识要由分组的所有工作负载使用的数据元素。 与私有数据元素的内存冲突通过调度非冲突的工作负载或特定指令来处理，推迟冲突的工作负载而不是锁定内存位置。
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公开(公告)号：US20130222402A1
公开(公告)日：2013-08-29
申请号：US13567091
申请日：2012-08-06
CPC分类号： G06T15/005 , G06F9/5033 , G06F9/505 , G06F9/52 , G06F15/8007 , G06T1/20 , G06T1/60 , G06T15/06 , G06T2200/28
摘要： In some aspects, systems and methods provide for forming groupings of a plurality of independently-specified computation workloads, such as graphics processing workloads, and in a specific example, ray tracing workloads. The workloads include a scheduling key, which is one basis on which the groupings can be formed. Workloads grouped together can all execute from the same source of instructions, one or more different private data elements. Such workloads can recursively instantiate other workloads that reference the same private data elements. In some examples, the scheduling key can be used to identify a data element to be used by all the workloads of a grouping. Memory conflicts to private data elements are handled through scheduling of non-conflicted workloads or specific instructions an deferring conflicted workloads instead of locking memory locations.
摘要翻译： 在一些方面，系统和方法提供用于形成多个独立指定的计算工作负荷（诸如图形处理工作负载）以及在具体示例中的光线跟踪工作负载的分组。 工作负载包括一个调度密钥，这是可以形成分组的一个基础。 分组在一起的工作负载都可以从相同的指令来源执行，一个或多个不同的私有数据元素。 这样的工作负载可以递归地实例化引用相同私有数据元素的其他工作负载。 在一些示例中，调度密钥可用于标识要由分组的所有工作负载使用的数据元素。 与私有数据元素的内存冲突通过调度非冲突的工作负载或特定指令来处理，推迟冲突的工作负载而不是锁定内存位置。
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公开(公告)号：US20120324458A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：US13368682
申请日：2012-02-08
IPC分类号： G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/5038 , G06F9/3828 , G06F9/3851 , G06F9/3891 , G06F2209/506
摘要： Aspects include computation systems that can identify computation instances that are not capable of being reentrant, or are not reentrant capable on a target architecture, or are non-reentrant as a result of having a memory conflict in a particular execution situation. A system can have a plurality of computation units, each with an independently schedulable SIMD vector. Computation instances can be defined by a program module, and a data element(s) that may be stored in a local cache for a particular computation unit. Each local cache does not maintain coherency controls for such data elements. During scheduling, a scheduler can maintain a list of running (or runnable) instances, and attempt to schedule new computation instances by determining whether any new computation instance conflicts with a running instance and responsively defer scheduling. Memory conflict checks can be conditioned on a flag or other indication of the potential for non-reentrancy.
摘要翻译： 方面包括计算系统，其可以识别不能够在目标架构上能够重入或不可重入的计算实例，或者由于在特定执行情况下存在内存冲突而不能重入。 系统可以具有多个计算单元，每个具有可独立调度的SIMD向量。 计算实例可以由程序模块和可存储在特定计算单元的本地高速缓存中的数据元素来定义。 每个本地缓存不保持这些数据元素的一致性控制。 在调度期间，调度程序可以维护运行（或可运行）实例的列表，并尝试通过确定任何新的计算实例是否与正在运行的实例冲突并响应延迟调度来调度新的计算实例。 内存冲突检查可以根据标志或其他指示来进行非重新注册。
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