Abstract:
A method for providing a two dimensional spatially varying surface potential on a surface of a conductive substrate and use thereof. The method comprises providing a conductive substrate having a first conductive surface and comprising an array of "n" electrical potential contact points spatially arranged in two dimensions on the first conductive surface, wherein "n" is at least 3. An electrical potential is then applied to each of the "n" electrical contact points, wherein the electrical potentials applied to at least two of the "n" electrical potential contact points are different. Also disclosed are methods and applications for use of the methods disclosed herein.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for manufacturing an anisotropic material comprising providing a viscoplastic material having a yield stress, and a plurality of magnetic particles disposed therein, and then subjecting the viscoplastic material to a magnetic field for a time sufficient to at least partially align at least a portion of the magnetic particles to at least one of a predetermined position or orientation. Also disclosed is an article having anisotropic properties comprising a viscoplastic material, and a plurality of magnetic particles distributed therein and at least partially aligned to a predetermined orientation. An article having anisotropic properties, comprising a fixed viscoplastic material, and a plurality of magnetic particles distributed and at least partially anisotropically aligned in the fixed viscoplastic material is disclosed.
Abstract:
Sorbent bodies comprising activated carbon, processes for making them, and methods of using them. The sorbent bodies can be used to remove toxic elements from a fluid, such as from a gas stream. For instance, the sorbent bodies may be used to remove elemental mercury or mercury in an oxidized state from a coal combustion flue gas.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for and products of a semiconductor-on-insulator (SOI) structure including subjecting at least one unfinished surface to a laser annealing process. Production of the SOI structure further may include subjecting an implantation surface of a donor semiconductor wafer to an ion implantation process to create an exfoliation layer in the donor semiconductor wafer; bonding the implantation surface of the exfoliation layer to an insulator substrate; separating the exfoliation layer from the donor semiconductor wafer, thereby exposing at least one cleaved surface; and subjecting the at least one cleaved surface to the laser annealing process.
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods for making SOI and SOG structures using purified ion shower for implanting ions to the donor substrate. The purified ion shower provides expedient, efficient, low-cost and effective ion implantation while minimizing damage to the exfoliation film.
Abstract:
Compositions comprising, for example, caffeine, sodium benzoate and one or more of lactic acid, acetic acid, aspartic acid and glutamic acid, processes for making the compositions and methods of using the compositions. The methods include accelerating emergence from anesthesia and/or countering the effects of anesthesia, including reversing the effects of anesthesia. The methods also include treating opioid intoxication or overdose.
Abstract:
System and method for treating harvested plant material, such as cannabis, with ozone. Embodiments include tumbling the plant material in a rotating vessel, such as a drum, while exposing the plant material to ozone.
Abstract:
Cells for use in electrochemical devices as well as electrochemical cells and their use in producing electricity, hydrogen, or both electricity and hydrogen simultaneously. The cells include an electrode comprising a liquid phase material, comprising at least one of gallium and indium, disposed on a metal solid comprising aluminum. The liquid phase material can disrupt an oxide layer on the metal solid such that the aluminum can take part in an electrochemical reaction.
Abstract:
Coated Al-Li alloys, such as coated particles of Al-Li alloys, are provided. The coated alloys may be used in solid-rocket propellants. Additionally, methods of making such coated alloys, alloys coated with various methods, and solid-rocket propellants comprising such coated alloys are also provided.
Abstract:
A series of cells for use in an electrochemical device, such as an electrochemical cell or battery, that can operate in a single bulk electrolyte solution shared among the cells. Methods of producing hydrogen or both hydrogen and electricity in appreciable quantities and in various ratios, and vehicles or other devices and applications powered by electrochemical devices comprising the series.