Abstract:
A multiple access, spread-spectrum communication system processes a plurality of information signals received by a Radio Carrier Station (RCS) over telecommunication lines for simultaneous transmission over a radio frequency (RF) channel as a code-division-multiplexed (CDM) signal to a group of Subscriber Units (SUs). The RCS receives a call request signal that corresponds to a telecommunication line information signal, and a user identification signal that identifies a user to receive the call. The RCS includes a plurality of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) modems, one of which provides a global pilot code signal. The modems provide message code signals synchronized to the global pilot signal. Each modem combines an information signal with a message code signal to provide a CDM processed signal. The RCS includes a system channel controller coupled to receive a remote call. An RF transmitter is connected to all of the modems to combine the CDM processed signals with the global pilot code signal to generate a CDM signal. The RF transmitter also modulates a carrier signal with the CDM signal and transmits the modulated carrier signal through an RF communication channel to the SUs. Each SU includes a CDMA modem which is also synchronized to the global pilot signal. The CDMA modem despreads the CDM signal and provides a despread information signal to the user. The system includes a closed loop power control system for maintaining a minimum system transmit power level for the RCS and the SUs, and system capacity management for maintaining a maximum number of active SUs for improved system performance.
Abstract:
An automatic power control (APC) system for a spread-spectrum communications system includes an automatic forward power control (AFPC) system, and an automatic reverse power control (ARPC) system. In the AFPC, each subscriber unit (SU) measures a forward signal-to-noise ratio of a respective forward channel information signal to generate a respective forward channel error signal which includes a measure of the uncorrelated noise in the channel and a measure of the error between the respective forward signal-to-noise ration and a pre determined signal-to-noise value. A control signal generated from the respective forward channel error signal is transmitted as part of a respective reverse channel information signal. A base unit includes AFPC receivers which receive respective reverse channel information signals and extract the forward channel error signals therefrom to adjust the power levels of the respective forward spread-spectrum signals. In the ARPC system, each base measures a reverse signal-to-noise ratio of each of the respective reverse channel information signals and generates a respective reverse channel error signal which includes a measure of the uncorrelated noise in the channel and a measure of the error between the respective reverse signal-to-noise ratio and a pre determined signal-to-noise value. The base unit transmits a control signal generated from the respective reverse channel error signal as a part of a respective forward channel information signal. Each SU includes an ARPC receiver which receives the forward channel information signal and extracts the respective reverse error signal to adjust the reverse transmit power level of the respective reverse spread-spectrum signal.
Abstract:
A spread-spectrum system and method for providing high-capacity communications through multipath compensation, for automatically and adaptively controlling a mobile user's spread-spectrum transmitter power level when operating in a cellular communications network, and for providing variable or adjustable signal bandwidth capabilities in a spread-spectrum transmitter. Multipath compensation is accomplished using a plurality of filters (121-126), a plurality of multipliers (111-116), and a plurality of weighting devices (131-136), coupled through a first adder (120) and a second adder (130) to a decision device (150). The adaptive power control device of the present invention includes a base station having an AGC amplifier (228), despreader (231), comparator (239), power amplifier (237), delta modulator (235), multiplexer (234), combiner (236) and power measurement device (233). The adaptive power control device also includes a mobile station having a despreader (334), demultiplexer (339), demodulator (340), decision device (345), accumulator (346), step size algorithm device (344), variable gain device (341) and transmitter (342). The variable bandwidth device includes a chipping sequence generator (161), impulse generator (165), product device (164) and filter (166).
Abstract:
A subscriber unit (10) of a time division multiple access (TDMA) radiotelephone system is reconfigured in each time slot to a power consumption tessellation in which circuit components (12, 13, 21, 29, 56, 57, 58) not needed for communication signal processing in that time slot are powered down. In order to minimize the extent of circuitry that must be provided to distribute power consumption control signals, techniques such as clock frequency control (26, 30, 70) or power down commands (31, 67, 68) are utilized to modify controlled circuit component power consumption without actually controlling power supply circuits. Programmable ring frequency logic (20) controls the frequency of a ringing signal generator (58), and a high frequency ring control signal (70) is switched on and off in the cadence of ringing operation. An expansion header is provided to enable serving plural subscriber loop circuits with the same radio equipment for reducing per line power consumption.
Abstract:
A phased array spread-spectrum system maximizes signal strength of a spread-spectrum signal with multipath. RF/IF section (21) receives a plurality of spread-spectrum signals. RF/IF section (22) receives a plurality of phased versions of the plurality of spread-spectrum signals. Digital delay devices (27, 28) delay the received spread-spectrum signals with respect to their phased versions by a plurality of delays. Summers (29, 30) combine the delayed spread-spectrum signals and their phased versions as a plurality of combined signals. Despreader (31) despreads the combined signals as a plurality of despread signals. Magnitude device (32) generates a plurality of magnitude values from the despread signals. Shift register (33) stores a plurality of previous-magnitude values and present-magnitude values previously and presently generated by the magnitude device (32). Comparator (34) compares the previous-magnitude values to the present-magnitude values and outputs a plurality of comparison signals. Digital delay devices (27, 28), responsive to the comparison signals, lengthen or shorten the plurality of delays.
Abstract:
A spread-spectrum transmitter and receiver using code division multiple access with time division multiple access technology for spread-spectrum communications. At a base station, a spread-spectrum transmitter includes a multiplexer (75) for time multiplexing a synchronization-code signal and a plurality of data signals, which may be encoded as a plurality-encoded data signals, to generate a time-multiplexed signal. A chip-code generator (56) generates a chip-code signal which is modulo added with the time-multiplexed signal by an EXCLUSIVE-OR gate (76) to generate a spread-spectrum-time-multiplexed signal. A transmitter (79) transmits the spread-spectrum-time-multiplexed signal over a communications channel. A spread-spectrum receiver at the base station processes a plurality of spread-spectrum signals, received from a plurality of remote units in as time division sequence of spread-spectrum signals, using a despreader circuit (110) to generate a time-division signal. A demultiplexer (115) demultiplexes the time-division signal as a plurality of data signals or as a plurality of privacy-encoded data signals. A remote unit, which may be a handset, includes a despreader circuit (155) for despreading the spread-spectrum-time-multiplexed signal as a time-multiplexed signal. A synchronization-code matched filter (157) detects the synchronization-code signal embedded in the time-multiplexed signal and thereby generates a timing signal. A controller (161) uses the timing signal to generate a control signal. The control signal controls a transmit-receive switch (199) for switching an antenna (198) between the despreader circuit (155) to the transmitter (141) at the remote unit.