Abstract:
One or more antenna elements are submerged beneath a faired cover over a roof supporting member of a motor vehicle or hidden behind or as part of the front grill. Usually a conductive support extends behind the antenna elements and are electrically isolated therefrom to form the ground plane of the antenna. In some cases the antennas can be the structural members electrically isolated from the remainder of the body, but physically connected thereto. RF absorbers may be positioned spaced from radiating antenna elements to prevent antenna cross talk and exposure of occupants of the vehicle to high RF power densities. The antenna elements are especially useful in providing collision avoidance radar.
Abstract:
A system and method to breakout and splice into optical circuits in a ribbon cable trunkline extending throughout an aircraft with optical minimal loss. Breakout boxes are positioned at strategic locations along the aircraft's fiber optic trunkline. Within each box, optical fibers in a loose bundle are permanently connected in ribbon cable form to the inner sides of cable connectors physically connected to the box, each extending through a wall of the box. The ribbon cable forms are transitioned into the fibers in the bundle, which are longer than the spacing between the cable connectors. When an optical fiber circuit needs to be broken out at the location of a particular box, the proper fiber in the bundle is cut and one or both ends that result are permanently connected to a breakout connector, also positionned through the box, so that the optical circuit appears on the breakout connector outside the box where a mating connector can be used to further route the optical circuit being broken out.
Abstract:
A method of determining pressure requires that a three-dimensional surface of an object (14) be covered with a pressure sensitive coating. Next a raw first image (74) is acquired while the object (14) is not under test and a raw second image (74) is acquired while the object is under test. The raw first image (74) and the raw second image (74) are adjusted for a dark image (76) to form an adjusted first image and an adjusted second image. The adjusted first image and the adjusted second image are mapped (78) from a two-dimensional representation onto a three-dimensional model, to form a first model and a second model. A ratio model is formed (80) by taking the ratio of the intensity of the first model and the second model. Finally, a pressure is determined (84) for every surface that forms the three-dimensional model.
Abstract:
A relatively impervious mechanical seal is formed between the outer surface of a tube (1, 3) and the inside surface of a mechanical fitting (7) of a high pressure fluid or hydraulic system by applying a very thin soft metal layer (19) onto the outer surface of the hard metal tube (1, 3) and/or inner surface of the hard metal fitting (7). The thickness of such thin metal layer (19) is independent of the size of the tube (1, 3) and/or fittings (7). Many metals and alloys of those metals exhibit the requisite softness, including silver, gold, tin, platinum, indium, rhodium, and cadmium. Suitably, the coating is about 0.0025 millimeters (0.10 mils) in thickness. After compression, the tube (1, 3) and fitting (7) combination exhibits very low leak rates on the order of 10 cubic centimeters per second or less as measured using the Helium leak test.
Abstract:
There is disclosed herein a pulsed laser method for forming film coatings from a gas, such as H2 (22) and a hydrocarbon (24). The gas mixture input by line (20) and nozzle (18) is ignited by laser (12) to form flame (26) and then irradiated by a laser pulse (14) at an energy level above the threshold breakdown level of the gas to create a seed plasma in the gas at (28). Subsequent energy from the laser pulse is absorbed to form a plasma excitation called a laser absorption wave (30). The laser absorption wave is a wall of energy which detaches from the seed plasma and propagates through the gas (30a, b). The film growth precursor fragments of the gas are generated by the laser absorption wave and deposited onto a substrate (32 or 34) welding to its surface to form a coating. The substrate surface may be partially liquefield or evaporated forming precursor fragments of the substrate that mix with the precursor fragments of the gas that weld to the substrate forming a coating.
Abstract:
A ramp system (10) in a first embodiment incorporates a fore (12) and an aft (14) ramp section interconnected by a spindle (24) which permits both pitch and roll movement of the aft section relative to the fore section. The fore section is hingedly connected to an aircraft structure at an opening thereof so that the fore section is capable of pitch movement relative to the aircraft. A set of hydraulic actuators (22) provide controlled movement to the sections and additionally secure the sections in their desired positions. A set of rollers (26) and curved tracks (28) on adjoining portions of the sections both provide secure interconnection of the sections and prevent yaw movement of the aft section relative to the fore section. Rotation of the aft section relative to the fore section allows quick and simple disconnection and removal of the aft section and thereby provides interchangeability with alternate aft sections adapted to provide the aircraft with alternate functional capabilities. The second embodiment (110) is essentially similar to the first embodiment except that it utilizes a ramp (114) which is directly connected to an aircraft structure (116) via the spindle (124) and set of rollers (126) and tracks (128) so that the ramp (114) is removable from the aircraft structure (116) and interchangeable with other ramps.
Abstract:
A secure fiber optic communication system (30, 120, 130, 170, 190, 220, 250, 270, 330, 380, 685, 700, 900, 1100, 1200 or 1290) capable of tens of gigabits data transfer rates that utilizes a pair of single mode fiber optic cables (110 and 112) in combination with one or more light sources (36; 314 and 316; 388, 390, and 392; 1127 and 1133; 1201 and 1247; or 1301 and 1315) phase modulators (58; 286 and 310; 418, 420, and 422; 1101 and 1103, or 1303 and 1317) detectors (76, 310 and 328; 424, 426, and 428; 1109, 1111, 1113, and 1115, or 1307 and 1307) and polarization scrambling elements (40 and 71; 288 and 308; 394, 396, 398, 430, 432, and 434) to form a Sagnac interferometer. The phase modulator (58; 286 and 310; 418, 420, and 422; 1101 and 1103, or 1303 and 1317) is driven so that counter propagating light beams (52, 54, 58, and 68; or 438 and 440) in the Sagnac loop (56, 290, 306, 436, 1304 or 1314) experience a different optical path as they pass through the loop. When the two beams (52, 54, 58, and 68; or 438 and 440) are recombined on the central beamsplitter (44, 274, 302, 400, 402, 404, 1105, or 1107) of the Sagnac loop (56, 290, 306, 436, 1304 or 1314), the two beams (52, 54, 58, and 68; or 438 and 440) interfere with each other and the data impressed as phase modulation on the light beams (52, 54, 58, and 68; or 438 and 440) by the phase modulator (58; 286 and 310; 418, 420, and 422; 1101 and 1103, or 1303 and 1317) is recovered as amplitude modulation on the output detector of the Sagnac interferometer. The system (30, 120, 130, 170, 190, 220, 250, 270, 330, 380, 685, 700, 900, 1100, 1200 or 1290) can be configured to operate full duplex on two optical fibers by using light at different wavelengths or time division multiplexing data. The system (30, 120, 130, 170, 190, 220, 250, 270, 330, 380, 685, 700, 900, 1100, 1200 or 1290) can also be configured as a multi-node network. Although the systems (30, 120, 130, 170, 190, 220, 250, 270, 330, 380, 685, 700, 900, 1100, 1200 or 1290) are very secure, alarms, intrusion control, random pathlength changes and the like can make undetected, unauthorized access to the system (30, 120, 130, 170, 190, 220, 250, 270, 330, 380, 685, 700, 900, 1100, 1200 or 1290) impossible with available interception techniques.
Abstract:
An on-board aircraft cargo handling system comprises a plurality of tines (34) which are mounted within a cargo ramp and beneath its surface and are capable of extension aft of the ramp across a truck bed or the like. The tines have a plurality of rollers (36) extending above their top surfaces for permitting easy movement of cargo across the tines. The ends of the tines are tapered to allow them to be pushed under the cargo to be moved. Pallet retainers, which consist of arm members which have finger-like projections on one end for allowing interengagement of the arm members with notches (30) on the cargo, are mounted to the cargo ramp in such a way as to permit movement of the arms for aligning them with the cargo notches. Additionally, the cargo ramp surface includes pop-up chocks, which may be extended above the surface to lift the cargo, thus permitting forklift tines to be slid underneath. In a modified embodiment, the tines are mounted in open channels within the ramp, so that they are flush with the surface of the ramp in their retracted mode. Retractable friction brakes are employed on the surface of the tines, thus permitting the cargo to be moved in conjunction with the tines when the tines are being extended or retracted. The advantage of the invention is that cargo may be moved directly and quickly from the aircraft to a truck cargo bed (or vice-versa) without the use of ground-based material handling equipment.
Abstract:
The process for forming a metallic sandwich structure having a curved surface, particularly a surface curving about more than one axis, such as a quadric surface partially by direct displacement and partially by a fluid interface. Additionally, means to restrain the work sheets being formed with respect to the shaping fixture which allow a portion of the work sheets to flow into the forming cavity before absolute restraint is applied and the restraining means function independently of the clamping force of the press.