公开(公告)号：WO2016112286A1

公开(公告)日：2016-07-14

申请号：PCT/US2016/012641

申请日：2016-01-08

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： BOROSON, Don M. ,  ROBINSON, Bryan S. ,  REID, Bryan M. ,  BURNSIDE, Jamie W. ,  KHATRI, Farzana I. ,  CONSTANTINE, Steven

IPC: H04B10/16 ,  H04B10/116

CPC classification number: H04B10/118 ,  H04B7/18513 ,  H04B10/1121 ,  H04B10/29 ,  H04B10/40 ,  H04B10/61 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: A satellite in low-Earth orbit (LEO) or medium-Earth orbit (MEO) with a modern image sensor and/or other remote sensing device can collect data at rates of 10 Mbps or higher. At these collection rates, the satellite can accumulate more data between its passes over a given ground station than it can transmit to the ground station in a single pass using radio-frequency (RF) communications. Put differently, the sensors fill the spacecraft's memory faster than the spacecraft can empty it. Fortunately, free-space optical communications signals can carry far more data than RF communications signals. In particular, a spacecraft can transmit over 1 Tb of data in a single pass using burst wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) optical signals. Each burst may last seconds to minutes, and can include tens to hundreds of WDM channels, each of which is modulated at 10 Gbps or more.

Abstract translation: 具有现代图像传感器和/或其他遥感设备的低地球轨道（LEO）或中地球轨道（MEO）卫星可以以10 Mbps或更高的速率收集数据。 在这些采集速率下，卫星可以在给定地面站之间的通过之间累积更多的数据，而不是通过射频（RF）通信在单次传输中传输到地面站。 换句话说，传感器比航天器可以更快地填满航天器的内存。 幸运的是，自由空间光通信信号可以携带比RF通信信号更多的数据。 特别地，航天器可以使用脉冲波分复用（WDM）光信号在一次通过中传输超过1TB的数据。 每个突发可以持续几秒到几分钟，并且可以包括数十到数百个WDM信道，每个信道被调制为10Gbps或更多。

公开(公告)号：WO2016112289A2

公开(公告)日：2016-07-14

申请号：PCT/US2016/012644

申请日：2016-01-08

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： BOROSON, Don M. ,  ROBINSON, Bryan S. ,  REID, Bryan M.

IPC: H04B10/118

CPC classification number: H04B10/118 ,  H04B7/18513 ,  H04B10/1121 ,  H04B10/29 ,  H04B10/40 ,  H04B10/61 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: Traditional satellite-to-earth data transmission systems are constrained by inefficient relay schemes and/or short-duration data transfers at low data rates. Communication systems described herein achieve extremely high burst rate (e.g., 10 Gbps or greater) direct-to-Earth (DTE) data transmission over a free-space optical link between a spacecraft and a remote terminal, which may be a ground terminal or another space terminal. The optical link is established, for example, when the remote terminal is at an elevation of 20〬 with respect to a horizon of the remote terminal. In some embodiments, a data transmission burst contains at least 1 Terabyte of information, and has a duration of 6 minutes or less. The communication system can include forward error correction by detecting a degradation of a received free-space optical signal and re-transmitting at least a portion of the free-space optical signal.

Abstract translation: 传统的卫星对地数据传输系统受低效率的中继方案和/或低数据速率的短时间数据传输的限制。 本文描述的通信系统在航天器和远程终端之间的自由空间光链路上实现极高的突发速率（例如，10Gbps或更大）的直接地球（DTE）数据传输，其可以是接地终端或另一个 太空终端 例如，当远程终端相对于远程终端的水平线处于20度的高度时，建立光链路。 在一些实施例中，数据传输突发包含至少1太字节的信息，并且具有6分钟或更短的持续时间。 通信系统可以包括通过检测所接收的自由空间光信号的劣化并重新传送自由空间光信号的至少一部分来进行前向纠错。

公开(公告)号：WO2016112288A3

公开(公告)日：2016-07-14

申请号：PCT/US2016/012643

申请日：2016-01-08

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： BOROSON, Don M. ,  ROBINSON, Bryan S. ,  MURPHY, Daniel V. ,  STEWART, Jason ,  KHATRI, Farzana I. ,  CONSTANTINE, Steven ,  GEISLER, David J. ,  YARNALL, Timothy M. ,  DARLING, Zachary

IPC: H04B10/118

Abstract: Challenges of direct-to-Earth (DTE) laser communications (lasercom) between spacecraft in low-Earth orbit (LEO) or medium-Earth orbit (MEO) and ground terminals can include short duration transmission windows, long time gaps between the transmission windows, deleterious effects of atmospheric turbulence, and the inability to operate in cloudy weather. Direct-link optical communications systems described herein can have data rates that are high enough to empty high-capacity on-board buffer(s) (e.g., having a capacity of at least about 1 Tb to hundreds of Tb) of a spacecraft in a single pass lasting only tens of seconds to a few minutes (e.g., 1-15 minutes), and overprovisioning the buffer capacity accounts for variations in the latency between links. One or more distributed networks of compact optical ground terminals, connected via terrestrial data networks, receive and demodulate WDM optical data transmissions from a plurality of orbiting spacecraft (e.g., satellites).

公开(公告)号：WO2016190934A2

公开(公告)日：2016-12-01

申请号：PCT/US2016/019732

申请日：2016-02-26

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： BOROSON, Don M. ,  ROBINSON, Bryan Shawn

IPC: H04J14/04

CPC classification number: H04B10/118 ,  G02B23/00 ,  H04B7/19 ,  H04B7/195 ,  H04B10/5161 ,  H04B10/60 ,  H04J14/0223

Abstract: A wide-field telescope and focal plane array (FPA) that look at Earth and satellites in low- and medium-Earth orbit (LEO and MEO) from a satellite in higher orbit, such as geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), can serve as a node in an on-demand, optical multiple access (OMA) communications network. The FPA receives asynchronous low-rate signals from LEO and MEO satellites and ground stations at a signal rate determined in part by the FPA frame rate (e.g., kHz to MHz). A controller tracks the low-rate signals across the FPA as the signal sources orbit Earth. The node also includes one or more transmitters that relay the received information to other nodes via wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) free-space optical signals. These other signals may include low-rate telemetry communications, burst transmissions, and continuous data relay links.

Abstract translation: 从高轨道卫星（如地球静止轨道（GEO））的地球和地球轨道（LEO和MEO）中观测地球和卫星的广域望远镜和焦平面阵列（FPA）可以作为 点对多光接入（OMA）通信网络中的节点。 FPA以部分由FPA帧速率（例如，kHz至MHz）确定的信号速率从LEO和MEO卫星和地面站接收异步低速率信号。 控制器跟踪FPA上的低速信号作为信号源轨道地球。 节点还包括一个或多个发射机，其通过波分复用（WDM）自由空间光信号将接收到的信息中继到其他节点。 这些其他信号可以包括低速率遥测通信，突发传输和连续的数据中继链路。

公开(公告)号：WO2008137204A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-13

申请号：PCT/US2008/056012

申请日：2008-03-06

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  ROBINSON, Bryan S. ,  BOROSON, Don M. ,  HAMILTON, Scott A. ,  SAVAGE, Shelby J.

Inventor： ROBINSON, Bryan S. ,  BOROSON, Don M. ,  HAMILTON, Scott A. ,  SAVAGE, Shelby J.

IPC: H04B10/04

CPC classification number: H04B10/5563 ,  H04B10/5051 ,  H04B10/548

Abstract: Described are an FSK modulator and a method for large-alphabet FSK modulation. The FSK modulator and the method are based on filtering of a multi-tone optical source such as a mode-locked laser which provides a comb distribution of tones. A frequency-selective component selects for transmission a subset of the tones. In various embodiments the frequency-selective component is a Mach-Zehnder interferometer filter or a microring resonator filter. A second frequency-selective component selects a subset of the tones from the comb distribution provided by the first frequency-selective component. Still more frequency-selective components can be used according to the number of tones supplied by the multi-tone optical source to the FSK modulator. The optical signal exiting the last frequency-selective component includes only a single tone which corresponds to the symbol to be transmitted.

Abstract translation: 描述了FSK调制器和用于大字母FSK调制的方法。 FSK调制器和方法基于滤波多色调光源，例如提供色调的梳状分布的锁模激光器。 频率选择分量选择传输音调的子集。 在各种实施例中，频率选择部件是马赫 - 曾德干涉仪滤波器或微环谐振器滤波器。 第二频率选择分量从由第一频率选择分量提供的梳状分布中选择音调的子集。 根据由多音调光源向FSK调制器提供的音调数量，可以使用更多的频率选择分量。 离开最后一个频率选择分量的光信号仅包括对应于要发送的符号的单个音调。