Abstract:
A radio over fibre system (5) comprises a base station (10, 20) with a first base station node (10) and a second base station node (20) connected by an optical communication link (30). At least one of the base station nodes (10, 20) comprises an optical transmitter (17, 23). A method of determining an operating parameter for the optical transmitter (17, 23) comprises receiving signal quality parameters for a plurality of user equipments (UE) served by the base station (10, 20). The method determines an operating parameter of the optical transmitter using the determined signal quality parameters of the plurality of user equipments (UE). The operating parameter of the optical transmitter can be a modulation parameter.
Abstract:
A wireless communications network radio unit (10) comprising: an input (12) arranged to receive a radio over fibre, RoF, input optical signal (14) carrying digital radio communications traffic for transmission from a plurality of antenna elements, synchronisation traffic and control and management traffic; a digital receiver (16) arranged to receive and terminate the RoF input optical signal to obtain the digital radio communications traffic; a framer (18) arranged to frame the digital radio communications traffic into at least one digital traffic stream consisting of the digital radio communications traffic for transmission from a plurality of the antenna elements and clock recovery information; and at least one optical transmitter (20) arranged to generate an RoF output optical signal (22) carrying the digital traffic stream.
Abstract:
An optical network (1) comprising an optical network element (10) comprising a first optical transmitter (14), a first controller (16), a first optical receiver and a second optical receiver and a second optical network element (12). There is provided a transmission path (30) between said first optical network element and said second optical network element. Said first optical transmitter is arranged to generate and transmit a first optical signal. Said first controller is arranged to control said first optical transmitter to generate and transmit said first optical signal at a wavelength selected from a predetermined plurality of wavelengths. Said first optical receiver is arranged to detect a backscatter portion of said first optical signal returned to said first optical network element along said transmission path by distributing scattering.
Abstract:
An optical receiver (100) comprising: a polarisation controller (102) arranged to receive as its input a first modulated optical signal having a first polarisation and an unmodulated optical carrier signal polarisation aligned with the first modulated optical signal, the first modulated optical signal having negligible spectral power density within a predetermined bandwidth, BW, around an optical spectrum of the unmodulated optical carrier signal; optical filter apparatus (104) having a main polarisation mode; and coherent optical receiver apparatus (106), wherein the polarisation controller is arranged to apply polarisation rotations to the first modulated optical signal and the unmodulated optical carrier signal such that their polarisation is aligned to the main polarisation mode of the optical filter apparatus, the optical filter apparatus is arranged to receive and separate the unmodulated optical carrier signal from the first modulated optical signal, and the coherent optical receiver apparatus is arranged to receive said separated signals and perform coherent detection of the first modulated optical signal using as a local oscillator, LO, signal the unmodulated optical carrier signal.
Abstract:
An optical receiver (10) comprising: an input (12) arranged to receive a subcarrier multiplexing, SCM, optical signal (14) comprising an optical carrier and an optical subcarrier, each having a respective optical power; a carrier suppression element, CSE,(16) arranged to receive the SCM optical signal and having a rejection band that is tuneable in frequency to partially suppress the optical carrier by a variable amount; an optical amplifier (18) having a variable gain and arranged to receive the SCM optical signal from the CSEand amplify the optical carrier and the optical subcarrier; a photoreceiver (20) arranged to receive the SCM optical signal from the amplifier; and a controller (24) arranged to cause frequency tuning of the rejection band and variation of the gain of the optical amplifier to adjust a ratio of the optical power of the optical carrier at the photoreceiver to the optical power of the optical subcarrier at the photoreceiver based on an indication of performance of the SCM optical signal.
Abstract:
A method in a node of a telecommunication network comprises receiving a digital communication signal from a first signal source, wherein the digital communication signal comprises a plurality of low amplitude windows, step (101), and receiving one or more analog subcarrier signals from a second signal source, step (103). The method further comprises multiplexing the one or more analog subcarrier signals into one or more of the plurality of low amplitude windows of the digital communication signal, step (105).
Abstract:
Embodiments described herein relate methods and apparatuses for dealing with upstream and downstream signals in a Broadcast-and-Select, B&S, node. A first B&S node comprises a first downstream port coupled to a first downstream power splitter/combiner, a second downstream port coupled to a second downstream power splitter/combiner, and a third downstream port coupled to a third downstream power splitter/combiner. The first downstream power splitter/combiner is configured to split a total power of a first downstream optical signal received at the first downstream port to form a first version and a second version of the first downstream optical signal, the second power splitter/combiner is configured to: receive the first version of the first downstream optical signal, and transmit the first version of the first downstream optical signal to a first network node via the second downstream port, the third downstream power splitter/combiner is configured to: receive the second version of the first downstream optical signal, and transmit the second version of the first downstream optical signal to a second network node via the third port.
Abstract:
An optical network unit, ONU, (100) for a passive optical network, PON. The ONU comprises a tunable receiver (110) having a wavelength tunable operating wavelength, a tunable transmitter (120) having a wavelength tunable operating wavelength and a controller (130) comprising at least one processor and memory. The memory contains instructions which when executed by the at least one processor cause the ONU to perform operations of: - if the tunable transmitter is on, switching the tunable transmitter off and if the tunable receiver is off, switching the tunable receiver on; - determining an availability of a control channel; - receiving a downstream control channel signal at a downstream control channel wavelength from a central office, CO, node of the PON, the downstream control channel signal carrying an indication of allocated operating wavelengths for the ONU; - setting an operating wavelength of the tunable receiver to an allocated operating wavelength and setting the operating wavelength of the tunable transmitter to an allocated operating wavelength; and - switching the tunable transmitter on.
Abstract:
Methods in an optical receiver, for decoding a received M-level pulse- amplitude-modulated, PAM-M, optical signal. An example method comprises, for a first interval, decoding (510) the received PAM-M optical signal using a standard PAM-M decoder with M-l thresholds, using first sampling times, to obtain a first set of decoded bits, and decoding (520) the received PAM-M optical signal using a duobinary decoder with 2M-2 thresholds, at second sampling times offset from the first sampling times, to obtain a second set of decoded bits. The method further comprises calculating (530) first and second error metrics corresponding to the first and second sets of decoded bits, respectively, and selecting (540) the standard PAM-M decoder or the duobinary decoder for subsequent decoding of the received PAM-M optical signal, based on the first and second error metrics.
Abstract:
In one example aspect, an optical network node is configured to operate in a first mode and a second mode. The node comprises a first optical routing apparatus configured to direct a first optical signal received from an optical network at a first port to an input of a first optical switching device in the first mode, and to direct an optical signal output from the first optical switching device to the first port in the second mode. The node also comprises a second optical routing apparatus configured to direct the output signal from the first optical switching device to a second port in the first mode, and to direct a second optical signal received from a network at the second port to the input of the first optical switching device in the second mode. The node is configured to transition from the first mode to the second mode upon determining that the first optical signal is not being received at the first port or on detection of a third optical signal received at a third port.