Abstract:
Electrochemical method of wet oxidation of polychlorinated biphenyl's, (PCB's), on its own or mixed with other liquids or solids. The method consist of a electrochemical wet oxidation PCB's where the follow parameters are specified and controlled: Voltage, Intensity of direct current, Temperature of electrolytic liquid, Concentration of chloric natrium in the electrolytic liquid, Regulated pH and Way of PCB's contact with the oxidizer liquid result of the electrolysis.
Abstract:
Potentially hazardous compositions containing solid combustible fuels, oxidants, nitro-containing, nitramine-containing or nitrato-containing compounds and, in many cases, binders are desensitized by reagents generated from the composition itself by electrolysis at low current and over an extended period of time. According to the disclosed method, the composition is retained in a reaction vessel (8) separate from the electrolysis cell (1), and the aqueous leachant from the composition is circulated in two portions through the two halves (2, 3) of the electrolysis cell (1) to form strong oxidizing and reducing reagents, respectively, which are then circulated in succession through the reaction vessel to decompose the composition. The resulting composition has a lowered sensitivity to initiation by such external influences as inadvertent impact or inadvertent electrostatic discharge.
Abstract:
A mediated electrochemical oxidation process is used to treat, oxidize and destroy organic waste materials such as halogenated hydrocarbons (except fluorinated hydrocarbons), pesticides, detergents, petroleums and paraffins, macrocyclic compounds, plastics (except perfluorinated polymers), latex, carbon residues, cyclic aliphatic compounds (such as olefins, alcohols, ketones, etc.), aromatics, aldehydes, esters, amines, hydrocarbons (including alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alkenynes, heterocyclic compounds, organic acids, ethers, organometallic compounds, organic radicals (such as: univalent, bivalent, or trivalent radicals derived from saturated and unsaturated aliphatics, aromatic hydrocarbons, heterocyclic compounds) ; and combined waste (e.g. a mixture of any of the foregoing with each other or other non-organic waste). Waste materials are introduced into an apparatus for contacting the waste with an electrolyte containing the oxidized form of one or more reversible redox couples, at least one of which is produced electrochemically by anodic oxidation at the anode of an electrochemical cell. The oxidized forms of any other redox couples present are produced either by similar anodic oxidation or reaction with the oxidized form of other redox couples present and capable of affecting the required redox reaction. The oxidized species of the redox couples oxidize the organic waste molecules and are themselves converted to their reduced form, whereupon they are reoxidized by either of the aforementioned mechanisms and the redox cycle continues until all oxidizable waste species, including intermediate reaction products, have undergone the desired degree of oxidation. The entire process takes place at temperatures between ambient and approximately 100°C, thereby avoiding any possible formation of either dioxins or furans. The oxidation process may be enhanced by the addition of reaction enhancements, such as: ultrasonic energy and / or ultraviolet radiation.
Abstract:
Matter to be treated by mediated electrochemical redox reaction is mixed with electrolyte containing ions of an electrochemically re-generable primary oxidising or reducing species. The mixture is subjected to ultrasonic and/or sonic insonation directly to enhance the respective oxidation or reduction interaction between the ions and the matter. In this process the primary oxidising or reducing species is reduced or oxidised respectively and is re-generated by electric potential applied in an electrochemical cell.
Abstract:
A method of treating spent pot liner material arising from the electrolytic production of aluminium is described. The used pot lining is placed in an aqueous electrolyte solution, and an A.C. electrical current is applied to the solution, extracting contaminants from the pot liner material. Preferably the electrolyte solution is dilute hydrochloric acid. In an alternate form of the invention the process is conducted in two stages, the second stage using dilute hydrochloric acid as the electrolyte. In this case, the first stage uses alkaline salts leached from the spent pot liner as the electrolytes. Preferably, hydrogen peroxide is added to the electrolyte solution as an initiator. The A.C. electrical current can be applied continuously or intermittently, preferably at a current density of from 1 to 20 Amp/dm .
Abstract:
The method of the invention provides means of destroying highly stable metal cyanide ions found in a solution, and converting the cyanide to harmless by-products. Contrary to conventional methods which merely complex the cyanide into a mechanically or physically removable complex, the present method destroys the cyanide found in the sample. The invention is directed to a method of destroying cyanide comprising providing a highly alkaline solution containing a metal cyanide ions; and subjecting the solution to electro-oxidation.
Abstract:
A PCB treating method and device capable of resolving problems with conventional methods by feeding electricity to PCB for electrolyzing. The device can be designed according to a treating scale − can be made mobile to permit treating at PCB storing sites, site−installed, or integrally mounted on vehicles. The device permits various modes of applications; PCB is transferred to the electrolysis tank of the device and treated, and at the same time, an electrode is placed in a residual PCB−containing apparatus for electrolyzing; and a PCB−polluted container itself is placed in a large treating tank and treated. The device can also be used as a polluted−soil improving device. The invention facilitates PCB treating at far lower costs and higher treating speeds than by conventional methods.