Abstract:
A process for recovering pig iron from iron-containing concentrates produced from iron-containing ores and sands by forming agglomerates and reducing them in a natural gas smelter, in which the process makes maximum utilization of heat created in and by the process.
Abstract:
A presente invenção refere-se a uma lança para injeção de topo em vasos metalúrgicos, empregada essencialmente para o processo de refino na produção de gusa e aço. A lança (11) apresenta pelo menos um tubo interno (13) e uma cobertura de concreto refratário (16), sendo que o perfil externo da cobertura de concreto refratário (16) é poligonal. Descreve-se ainda um método para a fabricação dessa lança (11).
Abstract:
Aspects of this molten aluminum refining system include a rotor based injection system which provides for the injection and dispersion of both gas and flux for refining molten aluminum.
Abstract:
Проволока для внепечной обработки металлургических расплавов содержит металлическую оболочку, внутри которой заключен наполнитель, содержащий, по крайней мере, один элемент, выбранный из группы, состоящей из Ca, Ba, Sr, Mg, Si, Al, при этом на внутреннюю и/или наружную поверхность оболочки нанесен, по крайней мере, один слой композиционного покрытия, выполненного из лакокрасочного материала и содержащего тугоплавкие ультрадисперсные частицы, выбранные из соединений карбидов и/или нитридов, и/или карбонитридов, и/или силицидов, и/или боридов металлов. Композиционное покрытие содержит материал-протектор, в качестве которого использованы ферросплавы и/или флюсы. В качестве металлов, входящих в состав тугоплавких соединений, использованы титан и/или вольфрам, и/или кремний, и/или магний, и/или ниобий, и/или ванадий. Покрытие равномерно нанесено на поверхность оболочки.
Abstract:
Cet objet (16) est en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal, la fonte à graphite sphéroïdal comprenant, en % en poids, les éléments suivants : Carbone (C) inférieur ou égal à 3,65% et Silicium (Si) entre 3,3% et 3,7%. Optionnellement la fonte comprend : phosphore (P) ≤ 0,1 %, et/ou manganèse (Mn) ≤ 0,6%, et/ou chrome (Cr) ≤ 0,2%, et/ou Titane (Ti) ≤ 0,15 %, et/ou Soufre (S) ≤ 0,05%, et/ou Magnésium (Mg) entre 0,005% inclus et 0,07% inclus, et/ou Cuivre (Cu) ≤ 0,3%, et/ou Nickel (Ni) ≤ 0,4%, et/ou Molybdène (Mo) ≤ 0,02%, et/ou Aluminium (Al) ≤ 0,02%, et/ou Vanadium (V) ≤ 0,04%, le reste étant du Fer (Fe), et des éléments résiduels inévitables à des teneurs inférieures à 0,01 %. La fonte à graphite sphéroïdal a un équivalent carbone C EQ = C (%) + 1/3 Si (%) + 1/3 P (%) inférieur ou égal à 4,75%. La fonte à graphite sphéroïdal a une résilience (E) supérieure ou égale à 9,49 J. Application aux éléments de tuyauterie ou éléments de voirie.
Abstract:
A method for producing pig iron by direct processing of iron-containing materials such as iron-containing sands, in which the iron-containing materials and carbonaceous reductant are mixed with a fluxing agent to form a mixture; briquettes or agglomerates are formed from the mixture; at least a portion of the agglomerates are preheated to a temperature of 750 to 1200° C and are pre-reduced, then the preheated, pre-reduced agglomerates are introduced into the melting furnace; the agglomerates are melted at a temperature of from 1300 to 1760° C and form hot metal with a slag thereon; the slag is removed and the hot metal is tapped as pig iron, and the off-gas from the smelter is used to operate a preheater for the agglomerates.
Abstract:
The microstructure in which a certain cast iron melt will solidify can be predicted with high accuracy by carrying out four independent calculations and then choosing the calculation giving the best result. The calculations are preferably carried out by a computer.
Abstract:
Electrorefining cells and methods for electrorefining ferrous molten metal (e.g. steels), that includes impurities (e.g., carbon), are described. Liquid metal is provided in ladle with a molten electrolyte on top of it to form a metal-electrolyte interface. An electrode connection is put into contact with the metal for electronic conduction therewith, while a counter electrode is put into contact with the electrolyte for forming an electrolyte-counter electrode interface. Both the electrode connection and the counter electrode remain in the solid form in, and inert to, the metal and the electrolyte, respectively. The electrode connection and the counter electrode are made of an electronically conductive material. Therefore, during electrorefining operations, an electromotive force can be supplied between the electrode connection and the counter electrode so as to induce electrochemical reactions to occur at both the metal-electrolyte interface and the electrolyte-counter electrode connection, producing a ferrous molten metal depleted of the impurities.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a silicon based alloy comprising between 45 and 95% by weight of Si; max 0.05 % by weight of C; 0.01-10 % by weight of Al; 0.01-0.3% by weight of Ca; max 0.10% by weight of Ti; 0.5-25% by weight of Mn; 0.005-0.07 % by weight of P; 0.001-0.005 % by weight of S; the balance being Fe and incidental impurities in the ordinary amount, a method for the production of said alloy and the use thereof.