US07801548B2
A wireless communication system and method for controlling transmission power to maintain a received signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) as close as possible to a target SIR. A received quality is maintained as close as possible to a target quality based on block error rate (BLER). When a target BLER is converted to an initial target SIR, an error may occur due to a channel condition mismatch, since the target SIR required for the target BLER varies with channel conditions. An outer loop power control process is used to set a target SIR for each coded composite transport channel (CCTrCH) based on the required target BLER. The process adjusts a SIR step size parameter to maximize the convergence speed of the process.
US07801544B2
A method and apparatus for adjusting the transmission power level or transmission data rate between a plurality of stations located within the coverage area of a basic service set (BSS) or in an independent basic service set (IBSS) in a wireless local area network (WLAN). The receiving station extracts a transmission data rate from an incoming signal, determines a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the incoming signal, and then calculates noise margin information based on a difference between the SNR of the incoming signal and a minimum SNRMIN for the extracted data rate. The noise margin is then transmitted back to the original transmitting station and using the noise margin information, the transmit power level and/or the transmission rate of this station may be adjusted accordingly.
US07801542B1
Systems, methods, apparatus and software have been discovered for use by individual users to monitor the geographic location of other people or assets with some relationship to the user. Once some manner of location information is determined, users have the ability to describe that location in various ways and control how that information is shared with other users.
US07801535B2
There is provided a positioning system which generates an appropriate response according to a positioning accuracy request class from a client device. A client device 101 specifies the positioning accuracy and the request class thereof that it requests to transmit a positioning request of a mobile station 103 to a server device 102. The server device 102 checks the positioning accuracy requested by the client device 101, and, if positioning results which satisfy the requested accuracy exist, responds the positioning results. If the positioning results which satisfy the requested accuracy do not exist, the server device 102 checks the accuracy request class, selects the positioning results with the highest positioning accuracy to respond to the client device 101 in the case of a second class (“Best Effort”), and notifies an error to the client device 101 in the case of a first class (“Assured”).
US07801528B2
A method for changing a standby order of waiting mobile terminals includes displaying a standby order of a plurality of mobile terminals according to an audiovisual communication request order when a first mobile terminal receives requests for audiovisual communication from the plurality of mobile terminals while the first mobile terminal performs audiovisual communication with a second mobile terminal, sending a standby order change request message from the first mobile terminal to a mobile communication network when the first mobile terminal receives a standby order change request, changing the standby order at the first mobile terminal when the first mobile terminal receives a standby order change completion message from the mobile communication network corresponding to the standby order change request message, and displaying the changed standby order.
US07801520B2
Space-based wireless radiotelephone communications are provided in a satellite footprint over a satellite radiotelephone frequency band. The satellite footprint is divided into satellite cells in which satellite radiotelephone frequencies of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band are spatially reused. At least one of the satellite radiotelephone frequencies that is assigned to a given satellite cell in the satellite footprint is terrestrially reused outside the given satellite cell. A radiation pattern of at least the given satellite cell is modified to reduce interference with the at least one of the satellite radiotelephone frequencies that is terrestrially reused outside the given satellite cell.
US07801514B2
Method for making services available to mobile users with the following method steps: the mobile subscriber reads an electronic code (100) stored in an RFID element (10) with an RFID reader device (2); said electronic code (100) is transmitted over a telecommunication network to a server (5); the server (5) transmits a query to a name service-server (6), wherein links between several electronic codes (100) and several electronic addresses are registered; the name service-server (6) sends the address of the page said above-mentioned page; the ordered service is supplied to the mobile user.
US07801501B2
A method of performing a frequency correction of a radio module. Multiple samples of frequency data during a quiescent portion of the base station transmission is taken to estimate the amount of frequency correction needed. An embodiment applies the frequency data to a median filter to eliminate invalid data. Next, a new reference frequency is applied to a radio transceiver in the radio module to provide the frequency correction. If the frequency was corrected by greater than a pre-determined amount, the process performs a large shift frequency correction, including verifying that the first frequency correction was satisfactory and verifying that the radio transceiver is able to receive data after the frequency correction has been performed. If the frequency was corrected by smaller than a pre-determined amount, the process performs a small shift frequency correction, including updating a total of all frequency corrections made since a stored reference frequency was updated.
US07801499B2
A system and method for filtering Program Service Name (“PSN”) data includes a processor, an antenna in communication with the processor, a display device in communication with the processor, and a memory unit in communication with the processor. The memory unit contains instruction executable by the processor to configure the processor to receive a signal from a wireless source via the antenna, the signal having PSN data, determine if the PSN data is a static PSN or a slowly updated PSN, and display the PSN data on the display device if the PSN data is a static PSN or a slowly updated PSN.
US07801496B2
Methods, computer-readable media, and devices are provided that support antenna diversity in a communication system. In an exemplary method, a signal is received from a first device at a second device in a first channel. A determination is made concerning whether or not transmit diversity is applied to the first channel. If transmit diversity is applied to the first channel; a first channel estimate is determined based on a first pilot signal received from the first device and a second channel estimate is determined based on a second pilot signal received from the first device. The received signal is decoded based on the first channel estimate and the second channel estimate.
US07801492B2
Proposed are a method and a system for management of resources of portable resource modules, each connected to a communication terminal, which modules comprise electronic memory units and are designed in particular as chipcards. A first resource management instruction comprising a module identification is transmitted to a resource management center. A second resource management instruction is transmitted from the resource management center via a communication network to the resource module identified through the module identification. In the particular resource module, resources are made ready or released by a resource control mechanism corresponding to the received second resource management instruction. A resource management confirmation is transmitted by the particular resource module via the communication network to the resource management center, and in the resource management center information about the resources made ready or released is stored assigned to the module identification.
US07801490B1
Disclosed are systems and methods which implement communication scheduling to reduce service level variance associated with interference. In providing communication scheduling according to embodiments, mult-channel coverage may be provided throughout all portions of a service area to facilitate resource flexibility. According to embodiments, interference metrics are collected in real time for use in scheduling decisions. Synchronized point to multipoint wireless network protocols may be used to facilitate interference metric collection and/or communication scheduling. Uplink and/or downlink communications may be scheduled using one or more diversity attribute in order to achieve a desired level of bandwidth throughput, communication service level variance, and/or communication reliability in spite of the presence of unpredictable interference in the spectrum.
US07801488B2
Interference within a wireless apparatus is mitigated by adjusting one or more transmission characteristics associated with an interconnect of the apparatus. In at least one embodiment, the interconnect is a PCI Express interconnect.
US07801484B2
An electronic system having a wireless peripheral module and a wireless network transceiver may include an interface that includes one or more co-existence signal lines that may allow coordination of wireless transmission between the wireless peripheral module and the wireless network transceiver.
US07801479B2
Disclosed is a method for receiving DMB services with a DMB receiving apparatus capable of operating both in first DMB receiving mode and in second DMB receiving mode in a weak electromagnetic field region. The method includes setting the DMB receiving apparatus to the first DMB receiving mode both to receive first DMB packet data and to detect second DMB packet data, checking detection of the second DMB packet data if an event occurs preventing reception of the first DMB packet data during the first DMB receiving mode, notifying the user of the DMB receiving apparatus of possibility of switching the apparatus from the first to the second DMB receiving mode if the second DMB packet data is detected, and switching the DMB receiving apparatus from the first to the second DMB receiving mode according to a user switching request.
US07801478B2
An electronic device includes a first communication interface operable to receive a decoded digital data set from an apparatus remote from the electronic device, and a first circuit coupled to the first communication interface and operable to enable an output device to provide an output representing the data set.
US07801474B2
A fixing device of the present invention includes a holding frame placed along a fixed pressing member. The holding frame includes a groove section having a recessed cross section and extending along the width direction of a sheet. The fixed pressing member is housed in the groove section. The fixed pressing member is pressed toward the rotor so that the rotor and the fixed pressing member are put in pressure contact with each other. A first engaging element is provided in a predetermined position on the bottom face of the groove section of the holding frame. A second engaging element which engages with the first engaging element is provided in a position on the fixed pressing member which corresponds to the positions of the first engaging element on the holding frame.
US07801470B2
A developing apparatus, comprises an endless belt shaped donor member; a developer supporting member to carry developer including toner and magnetic carrier and to form a toner layer on the donor member; a first supporting member arranged in the inside of the donor member with a predetermined gap against the developer supporting member and to strain the donor member; a second supporting member arranged in the inside of the donor member with a predetermined gap against the developer supporting member and to strain the donor member; a toner supply bias applying section to apply onto the first supporting member a toner supply bias for supplying toner from the developer supporting member to the donor member; and a toner recovery bias applying section to apply onto the second supporting member a toner recovery bias for recovering toner from the donor member to the developer supporting member.
US07801461B2
There is provided a charging member cleaning roller including: a core body; and an elastic layer that is provided on a peripheral surface of the core body and includes a polyurethane foam obtained from at least a polyester polyol, a foam stabilizer, and a catalyst. Moreover, there is provided a charging member cleaning roller including: a core body; and an elastic layer that is provided on a peripheral surface of the core body and includes a urethane foam having an open-cell structure, a resilience of approximately 15% to 30%, and a hardness of approximately 150N to 230N.
US07801459B2
This is a system which is adapted to make it easier for a wheelchair occupant to operate a marking system. There is a lowering device that lowers the module or modules to a location convenient to the wheelchair user. The modules ideally are on the same vertical plane or to a low plane selected by the user. Also, there is a horizontally positioning device that can move the modules to any preferable location.
US07801446B2
The present invention provides a WDM optical system that includes a tunable filter for selecting one or more optical channels from a WDM optical signal. A portion of a WDM signal enters a first optical filter stage that exhibits a periodic transmission spectrum and possesses individually tunable filter elements. A second optical filter stage receives throughput from the first filter stage and has a periodic transmission spectrum and individually tunable filter elements. A controller electrically communicates with the optical filter to select individual optical channels from the portion of the wavelength division multiplexed optical signal received through the filter input port; each selected optical channel is output via a filter throughput port. In an exemplary embodiment, each tunable filter element is a micro-ring resonator and the micro-ring resonators in the first filter stage have a different free spectral range (FSR) than the micro-ring resonators of the second filter stage.
US07801442B2
Embodiments introduce redundant optical channels to significantly extend the lifetime of parallel optical transceivers. A plurality of transmitters, N, transmit on a plurality of optical channels, where N is an integer number of optical channels greater than 1. One or more redundant channels, M, are also provided. N+M multiple input shift registers provide multiple paths for signals from each of the transmitters to connect to N+M laser diodes. In the event up to M of the N+M laser diodes fail, the multiple input shift registers connect the N transmitters to functioning ones of the N+M laser diodes thus extending the life of the device. A corresponding scheme is also described for the receiver side.
US07801428B2
A shot image display system includes a shooting device for transferring a shot image and blur produced at the time of shooting, and an image receiving device for receiving the shot image and blur transmitted from the shooting device. The image receiving device includes a blur correcting unit for executing blur correction for the received shot image based on the received blur, and a display unit for displaying the shot image corrected by the blur correcting unit.
US07801418B2
A whole stream consisting of a plurality of partial streams each composed of content information including still image information is multiplexed/recorded in packet basis on an information medium. The information record medium includes a file for storing object data consisting of a plurality of packets each containing a content information piece and a file for storing information defining an object data reproduction sequence. Furthermore, the medium includes an object information file for storing stream identification information for identifying each of the plurality of partial streams among the plurality of packets and address information indicating a recording position of an access unit.
US07801417B2
Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.
US07801401B2
It is to provide an optical element, an optical module, an optical connector, and an optical module manufacturing method that can quickly and very accurately control the amount of outgoing light to a desired amount when incident light is outputted, reduce costs, and enhance manufacturing efficiency.A diffraction grating 9 having a periodic structure made from a plurality of grating grooves 10 and formed to allow control of an amount of outgoing light using polarization-dependent characteristics when incident light is outputted as the outgoing light and a mark 11 indicating at least one of either a grating groove 10 direction of the diffraction grating 9 or a periodic direction of the diffraction grating 9 are included.
US07801400B2
A method of manufacturing an optical device involves forming patterns on a dielectric substrate. The patterns include a waveguide pattern having a folded part, a conductor pattern positioned on an outer peripheral side of the folded part, and a dummy pattern that connects the folded part and the conductor pattern. The method further involves performing heat diffusion processing on the dielectric substrate on which the patterns have been formed at the forming, to make the waveguide pattern into an optical waveguide.
US07801399B2
Parallel-aligned core layers are formed by patterning a core sheet laminated on a base plate, and a clad/core bonded body is formed by laminating a cladding sheet. The base plate is peeled from one surface of the clad/core bonded body and a dicing tape is pasted on the other surface of the clad/core bonded body. An inclined surface is formed by bevel-cutting both end portions of the core layers. Clad/core bonded pieces are formed by straight-cutting the cladding sheet between core layers and on an outside of outermost core layers. A mask is disposed on the clad/core bonded pieces, and then a metal film is formed on the inclined surface. The clad/core bonded pieces are separated individually by peeling the pieces from the dicing tape after the mask is removed. The clad/core bonded piece is brought into contact with the liquid adhesive coated on a circuit substrate and aligned thereon. Then, the liquid adhesive is cured.
US07801393B2
Monitoring a bias point of an optical modulator includes receiving an optical signal modulated by the optical modulator. Photons of the optical signal are received at a photon reactive material operable to produce a reaction in response to the arrival of a predetermined number of photons. Reactions are produced in response to the arrival of the photons of the optical signal. Feedback is generated in response to the reactions. The feedback reflects the waveform of the optical signal, and indicates one or more bias points of the optical modulator.
US07801392B2
An image search system includes a first calculation section that calculates a first similarity score of each registered image with respect to an input image on the basis of image features of the registered and the input image, a second calculation section that calculates a second similarity score of each registered image with respect to the input image on the basis of text features of the registered and the input image, a candidate extraction section that extracts one or more candidate images on the basis of the first and the second similarity scores of each registered image, a third calculation section that calculates a third similarity score of each candidate image on the basis of projection waveforms of the input image and the candidate image, and a search section that determines one or more registered images similar to the input image on the basis of the third similarity score.
US07801384B2
An image sensor array of active pixel elements is arranged in rows and columns. Each column has an output circuit for reading out pixel image signals. The output circuit includes a pair of sample capacitors, a switching circuit operable based upon pixel switches for applying pixel voltages to the pair of sample capacitors. At least one optically masked pixel is provided so that output image signals obtained therefrom represent substantially only the column fixed pattern noise (FPN). An image processing circuit records the column FPN for each column from the optically masked pixels, records the image signal from the sensor array of active pixels, and subtracts the column FPN column-wise from the image signal.
US07801377B2
A computer-readable medium having stored thereon an image decoding program which, when executed by a computer, performs image decoding, wherein synthesizing a prediction image is performable using a positive rounding method and a negative rounding method for interpolating intensity values of pixels; wherein the interpolation of intensity values of pixels is performed using a rounding method specified by the rounding method information; wherein the rounding method information is included in coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information specifies one of two values; wherein one of the two values specifies a positive rounding method, and another one of the two values specifies a negative rounding method; and wherein the rounding method information consists of one bit.
US07801376B2
A computer-readable medium having stored thereon an image decoding program which, when executed by a computer, performs: storing a reference image which is a previously decoded image; receiving coded information including motion vector information and rounding method information specifying a rounding method used in synthesizing a prediction image; and synthesizing the prediction image by performing motion compensation using the motion vector information and the reference image; wherein the synthesizing a prediction image is performable using positive and negative rounding methods for interpolating intensity values of pixels; wherein the interpolation of intensity values of pixels uses a rounding method specified by the rounding method information; wherein the rounding method information is included in coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information specifies one of two values specifying a positive rounding method and a negative rounding method, respectively.
US07801373B2
An image decoder, wherein motion compensation is performed with half-pixel accuracy and uses bilinear interpolation to calculate intensity values of chrominance or luminance at points where no pixels actually exist in the reference image, the bilinear interpolation being performable using a positive rounding method and a negative rounding method; wherein the bilinear interpolation is performed using a rounding method specified by the rounding method information; wherein the rounding method information is included in coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information is included in a header section of the coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information specifies one of two values; wherein one of the two values specifies a positive rounding method, and another one of the two values specifies a negative rounding method; and wherein the rounding method information consists of one bit.
US07801369B2
An image decoder, wherein motion compensation is performed with half-pixel accuracy and uses bilinear interpolation to calculate intensity values of chrominance or luminance at points where no pixels actually exist in the reference image, the bilinear interpolation being performable using a positive rounding method and a negative rounding method; wherein the bilinear interpolation is performed using a rounding method specified by the rounding method information; wherein the rounding method information is included in coded information of the currently decoded image; wherein the rounding method information specifies one of two values; wherein one of the two values specifies a positive rounding method, and another one of the two values specifies a negative rounding method; and wherein the rounding method information consists of one bit.
US07801359B2
A method is provided for decoding an image of a pattern associated with an object to determine a digital identifier and to obtain data. The method comprises receiving a image of a pattern associated with the object. The pattern comprises a sub-image and a data tag. The image comprising a plurality of pixels. The method further comprises associating a first sub-set of the pixels with the sub-image and a second sub-set of the pixels with the data tag, determining a digital identifier of the sub-image based on the first sub-set of the pixels, and determining a tag value of the data tag based on the second sub-set of the pixels.
US07801357B2
A determination target region includes a combination of a red gray image, a green gray image, and a blue gray image. A CPU part transforms a three gray value matrixes to a single first data array uniquely associated with a pixel position in the determination target region. The CPU part calculates a normalized correlation value with a single second data array transformed from a model image according to the same predetermined rule, and determines whether or not a match is found with the model image according to whether or not the normalized correlation value exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
US07801345B2
The method is performed in a computer and includes acts of importing medical image data sets of an object, selecting regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set, processing the medical image data and constructing an optimal symmetry plane. The act of selecting the regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set defines the regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set and locates the regions of interest of the object in each medical image data set. The act of processing the medical image data executes an error equation and obtains optimal parameters of the optimal symmetry plane with a symmetry value. The act of constructing an optimal symmetry plane constructs an optimal symmetry plane with the obtained optimal parameters. Based on the discovered Optimal Symmetry Plane, slanted images from medical imaging can be rectified.
US07801344B2
A method for defining edge boundaries of an image formed on a flat-panel radiographic detector. The method includes obtaining digital image pixel values from the radiographic detector; obtaining dimensional information about a collimator in the radiographic signal path; analyzing the image to detect one or more collimator blade edges; and processing the digital image pixel values at least once to detect remaining collimator blade edges. The method accumulates image pixel values along each of a plurality of lines in a first direction parallel to a first vector that extends across the image, to obtain a first profile value for each line in said first direction, thereby forming an ordered set of first profile values. The method then identifies first and second threshold values in the set of first profile values, wherein the paired first and second threshold values indicate an edge boundary corresponding to a collimator blade projection along the first direction.
US07801343B2
A method and apparatus for automatically detecting stent struts in an image is disclosed whereby the inner boundary, or lumen, of an artery wall is first detected automatically and intensity profiles along rays in the image are determined. In one embodiment, detection of the lumen boundary may be accomplished, for example, by evolving a geometric shape, such as an ellipse, using a region-based algorithm technique, a geodesic boundary-based algorithm technique or a combination of the two techniques. Once the lumen boundary has been determined, in another embodiment, the stent struts are detected using a ray shooting algorithm whereby a ray is projected outward in the OCT image starting from the position in the image of the OCT sensor. The intensities of the pixels along the ray are used to detect the presence of a stent strut in the image.
US07801336B2
An eye (EY) of a person to be shot is illuminated coaxially with the optical axis of a camera (11), and then, is shot. At this time, a retinal reflex is caused and the luminance in the pupil region becomes high if the eye (EY) is a living eye. A living eye judgment section (17) judges whether an eye included in the image is a living eye is performed based on the luminance in the pupil region of the image captured by the camera (11).
US07801333B2
There is provided a vision system and a method for scanning a traveling surface such a road to detect surface defects thereof such as cracks. The vision system, which is mountable on a vehicle, is provided with a linear imaging system for imaging successive adjacent transversal linear portions of the traveling surface as the vehicle advances. The vision system is also provided with laser line projecting means angularly projecting a laser line onto the transversal linear portion of the traveling surface to be imaged in a substantially coplanar relationship with the linear imaging system. The present vision system is particularly devised to be immune to surrounding light conditions variations to provide optimum cracks image contrast for both transverse and longitudinal cracks.
US07801331B2
The invention concerns a monitoring device with a multi-camera device and an object tracking device for the high resolution observation of moving objects. Hereby it is provided that the object tracking device comprises an image integration device for the generation of a total image from the individual images of the multi-camera device and a cut-out definition device for the definition, independent from the borders of the individual images, of the to be observed cut-out.
US07801330B2
A technique for video processing includes: receiving video from a scene; detecting moving pixels in the video; detecting line segments or motion blocks in the video based on the detected moving pixels; identifying targets in the video based on the detected line segments or motion blocks; tracking targets in the video based on the identified targets; and managing the tracked targets in the video.
US07801321B2
In a condenser microphone in which a microphone unit section is replaceable, an electromagnetic wave is prevented without fail from entering into an internal circuit through a coupled portion of the microphone unit section and a microphone case and generation of noises caused by the electromagnetic wave is prevented. The condenser microphone has a microphone case, a unit case which is detachably attached to the microphone case and incorporates a condenser microphone unit, a circuit substrate contained in the microphone case, and an electric path which electrically connects a rear end of the unit case with the circuit substrate in a state that the unit case is attached to the microphone case, wherein the electric path electrically connects the rear end of the unit case with the circuit substrate via an inductor.
US07801313B2
An audio signal is supplied to a loudspeaker array to perform wavefront synthesis. A virtual sound source is produced at an infinite distance using wavefront synthesis.
US07801309B2
A private key delivery system and a private key delivery method are disclosed. The private key delivery system includes a transmitter, a receiver, and an optical transmission line connecting the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter includes a single photon generating unit for simultaneously generating two or more single photons having different wavelengths using a quantum dot structure that has quantum dots of various sizes, an optical splitter for splitting the single photons by wavelengths, a phase modulating unit for modulating each of the single photons split by the wavelengths with private key information, and an optical multiplexer for multiplexing the modulated single photons of the different wavelength and for transmitting the multiplexed single photons to the optical transmission line. The multiplexed single photons are received by the receiver, and the private key information is taken out from the received single photons.
US07801307B2
A method of symmetric key encryption involves using a composition of transformations leading to an enhanced homophonic substitution, wherein the mapping of characters varies depending on the sequence of characters in the message text. In carrying out the method, encryption keys are first generated. Then, a polyalphabetic substitution is performed, which involves XOR'ing (e.g., a Boolean logical exclusive OR operation/calculation) the plaintext data elements with the generated keys. Next, the storage format is changed, from big-endian to little-endian or vice versa, and the data is stored in one or more square matrices. Finally, enhanced homophonic substitution is performed, meaning that for each element, the subset to which the element can be mapped to in the co-domain is the entire co-domain itself, thus providing the largest possible subset for the given co-domain. In other words, any given element in the domain can be mapped to any of the elements of the co-domain.
US07801305B2
A process for distributing audiovisual sequences in accordance with a nominal stream format respecting a MPEG-2 TS norm including a succession of TS packets, including analyzing the stream made prior to transmitting to client equipment to generate a first stream in conformity with the MPEG-2 TS format, modifying all or part of the TS packets by substituting packets of the same structure, but whose content was modified, and generating a second stream of a format including digital information suitable for permitting reconstruction of the nominal stream, separately transmitting the two streams from a servers to the equipment, and a calculation is made on the equipment of a synthesis of a stream in nominal format as a function of the first stream and the second stream.
US07801287B1
A system for generating number tones for dialing a telephone device comprising a socket assembly and at least one dialer module. The socket assembly defines at least one socket, where the socket is electrically connected to the telephone device. The at least one dialer module comprises a first memory device for storing a sequence of numbers, a first data entry device and a plug electrically connected to the first memory device. The plug engages the socket to electrically connect the first memory device to the socket assembly. Operation of the first data entry device causes the generation of an electrical DTMF signal based on the sequence of numbers stored by the memory device. The electrical DTMF signal is transmitted to the telephone device.
US07801284B1
A voice terminal provides an enhanced dial-by-name feature using presence information indicating availability of subscribers. The voice terminal includes an input device configured to receive input from a user indicating directory search criteria for searching a directory of subscribers to identify those subscribers matching the input and a user interface operable to provide both a list of subscribers matching the input and presence information on each of the subscribers in the list.
US07801283B2
A hands-free, Bluetooth™ enabled telephone system for a vehicle is configured to enable an operator such as the driver of the vehicle to say multiple voice commands at one time in order to control the operation of the telephone system. Such multiple commands include “Dial
US07801282B2
A network element for use in a network that provides voice-over-packet services to a plurality of communication devices, each of the communication devices being associated with a respective directory number. The network element comprises an interface connectable to a trunk group dedicated to emergency calls and a control entity. The control entity is operable to: receive an incoming call originated by one of the communication devices; determine the directory number associated with the communication device having originated the incoming call; and determine whether the incoming call is an emergency call. Responsive to the incoming call being an emergency call, the control entity obtains a routing key that had been stored in association with the directory number; and directs the incoming call and the obtained routing key via the interface towards a gateway, the gateway connecting the network element to a dedicated emergency network.
US07801280B2
Described are methods, systems, and devices that include obtaining a first measured perceptual quality by measuring, at a first location associated with a communications network, a perceptual quality of a first communication transmitted from the first location to a second location associated with the communications network, obtaining a second measured perceptual quality by measuring perceptual quality of the first communication at the second location; and, based on the first measured perceptual quality and the second measured perceptual quality, generating a first value representative of degradation in the quality of the first communication.
US07801271B2
A method, code and system for planning the treatment a lesion on or adjacent to the retina of an eye of a patient are disclosed. There is first established at least two beam paths along which x-radiation is to be directed at the retinal lesion. Based on the known spectral and intensity characteristics of the beam, a total treatment time for irradiation along each beam paths is determined. From the coordinates of the optic nerve in the aligned eye position, there is determined the extent and duration of eye movement away from the aligned patient-eye position in a direction that moves the patient's optic nerve toward the irradiation beam that will be allowed during treatment, while still maintaining the radiation dose at the patient optic nerve below a predetermined dose level.
US07801267B2
A method and system for auto positioning a compression mechanism in a mammography imaging system is disclosed herewith. The method comprises: automatically elevating the compression mechanism upon detection of a breast biopsy device. The breast biopsy device can be detected upon connecting the same to the mammography system or can be detected upon noticing the same on the vicinity of the mammography system. The compression mechanism includes: breast compressor, breast holding paddles and paddle holders.
US07801260B2
A time reference point can be determined in a radio system by sending a synchronization sequence s(i), i=0, . . . N−1, from transmitter X, 40 to receiver Y, 48, and by detecting the peak value at the output of a matched-filter, 44, h(i)=s(N−1-i) on Y. In practical systems the accuracy of this peak detection is limited by interference and noise on the radio channel. To increase the peak detection accuracy, we propose to repeat the transmission of the same synchronization sequence K times. The interval L between repetitions is constant and the amplitude of the synchronization sequence in each repetition varies according to a given variation pattern a(jL), j=0, . . . , K−1. The receiver Y, 48 knows L and a(jL), j=0, . . . , K−1. After comparison to a threshold, the matched-filter 44 at the receiver 48 may deliver peaks resulted from repeatedly received synchronization sequences or peaks caused by interference and/or noise.
US07801255B2
Methods and apparatus for synchronization (SYNC) detection of a received serial offset quadrature pulse shaped waveform modulated by a symbol SYNC sequence are provided. The waveform is serially demodulated into a serial baseband signal and serially correlated with segments of the symbol SYNC sequence. Correlation strength estimates of each of the serially correlated output signal are computed and combined to detect a coarse SYNC. The serially correlated output signals are phase corrected based upon phase change conditions and the phase corrected signals are used to detect a fine SYNC.
US07801254B1
An address generator for providing an address to one of a linear block encoder and a soft linear block code decoder comprises a counter to count c, a position of a bit within a codeword of user data and to count r the codeword, where r=floor(c/74), An inner deinterleaver deinterleaves count c counted by the counter and to output c′. A shift circuit shifts the deinterleaved count c′ by the inner deinterleaver in accordance with count r counted by the counter and to output c″.
US07801241B2
Various systems and methods providing high speed decoding, enhanced power reduction and clock domain partitioning for a multi-pair gigabit Ethernet transceiver are disclosed. ISI compensation is partitioned into two stages; a first stage compensates ISI components induced by characteristics of a transmitter's partial response pulse shaping filter in a demodulator, a second stage compensates ISI components induced by characteristics of a multi-pair transmission channel in a Viterbi decoder. High speed decoding is accomplished by reducing the DFE depth by providing an input signal from a multiple decision feedback equalizer to the Viterbi based on a tail value and a subset of coefficient values received from a unit depth decision-feedback equalizer. Power reduction is accomplished by adaptively truncating active taps in the NEXT, FEXT and echo cancellation filters, or by disabling decoder circuitry portions, as channel response characteristics allow. A receive clock signal is generated such that it is synchronous in frequency with analog sampling clock signals and has a particular phase offset with respect to one of the sampling clock signals. This phase offset is adjusted such that system performance degradation due to coupling of switching noise from the digital sections to the analog sections is substantially minimized.
US07801239B2
The present invention discloses a base transceiver station (BTS) equipped with a plurality of antennas for improving the robustness of spatial division multiple access via nulling. The BTS comprises of a first matrix module receiving a plurality of signals from one or more customer premises equipments (CPEs) through the plurality of antennas and producing correspondingly a first plurality of covariance matrices representing the plurality of signals, a second matrix module receiving the first plurality of covariance matrices and generating correspondingly a set of derivative spatial signature matrices representing the CPEs respectively, a third matrix module receiving the derivative spatial signature matrices and producing correspondingly a second plurality of covariance matrices representing interferences of the CPEs, and an eigenvector module generating a plurality of beamforming vectors for the CPEs from the plurality of derivative spatial signature matrices and the second plurality of covariance matrices.
US07801237B2
The present invention relates to a transmitter and a transmission method in communication system using three Tx antennas in order to maximize STFBC coding gain. An input symbol sequence is transmitted through a plurality of Tx antennas in a predetermined method.
US07801235B2
A wireless communication device that includes more than two antennas considers only two of those antennas for use in receiving any particular wireless packet. During reception of an initial portion of a wireless packet, a quality metric may be measured for each of the two antennas being considered. One of the two antennas may then be selected to receive a payload portion of the wireless packet based on the measured metrics. In at least one embodiment, a different pair of antennas is considered for each successive received packet.
US07801233B1
Improved techniques for concurrent channel equalization and far-end crosstalk channel compensation (e.g., estimation and/or cancellation) in a multicarrier data transmission system are disclosed. The improved techniques can produce coefficients for an electronic fitter that provide channel equalization and for an electronic filter that provides cancellation of the far-end crosstalk. These coefficients can be initially trained and then subsequently updated during data transmission. Optionally, common coefficient determination resources can be utilized for both far-end crosstalk and near-end crosstalk purposes. These improved techniques are particularly suitable for use with a digital multicarrier communication system having multiple-input multiple-output systems.
US07801229B2
A method of COFDM demodulation of symbols, each including first carriers conveying data and pilots having their frequency positions varying at least partly from one symbol to the next symbol. The method includes, for each symbol, a step of determining a first estimate of the transfer function of the channel for each carrier in a set of the first carriers of the symbol such that, for the frequency positions of the considered carriers, symbols different from the symbol include pilots, corresponding to a linear combination of second estimates determined for pilots at the frequency of said carrier. The coefficients of the linear combination are determined in iterative fashion, a new coefficient value being equal to the sum of the last value of the coefficient and of a term including the product between an iteration step and an error term, the iteration step being determined in iterative fashion.
US07801222B2
The present invention relates to a method for encoding a signal of a wireless communication system, the method comprising dividing a current frame of the signal into a plurality of GOBs (Groups of Blocks) each having a certain size, determining whether a current GOB to be encoded of the plurality of GOBs is a first GOB of the current frame, calculating a control parameter value of the current GOB according to whether the current GOB is the first GOB of the current frame, controlling an encoding bit rate of the current GOB according to the control parameter value, and encoding the current GOB. Preferably, a hybrid method wherein an inter-frame GOB update method and an intra-frame GOB update method is used, so that a bit rate change between frames is reduced and data transmission of a channel is efficiently made to therefore provide a user with optimum image quality.
US07801215B2
The present invention provides an improved motion estimation encoder for digital video encoding applications. In one example embodiment, the improved encoder receives a raw image in the form of a current frame and estimates the macroblock motion vector with respect to a reference frame. The encoder then performs an initial local search around an initial motion vector candidate derived from spatio-temporal neighboring macroblock parameters. The encoder then compares the user-defined complexity scalable sum of absolute difference between the original and the associated reference macroblock against an adaptive threshold value for motion estimation convergence. The encoder introduces a global full search around a candidate from a coarser level, in case an initial local search fails. The encoder then selects an inter encoding mode for coding the current macroblock, when the first local search is successful, otherwise the encoder selects the inter or intra encoding mode for encoding the current macroblock by comparing variances of the original and difference macroblocks.
US07801208B2
A method for adjusting a signal includes applying compensation to a data signal to generate an output signal and sampling the output signal to generate data values and an error value, each data value comprising either a high value or a low value based on the sampling of the output signal, the error value indicating residue of the distortion based on the sampling of the output signal. The method further includes monitoring the output signal for a pattern of data values corresponding to one or more filter patterns, the filter patterns each comprising a pattern of data values pre-determined to occur substantially equally in data beginning with even data and in data beginning with odd data. The method also includes detecting a pattern of data values in the output signal matching one of the filter patterns and adjusting the compensation applied to the data signal based on the error value.
US07801204B2
A method to determine bit error rate (BER) for a given channel of a communication system includes determining a first statistical representation of at least one deterministic source of noise for the given channel. A parametric statistical representation having parameters that model non-deterministic noise is defined for the given channel and values for the parameters of the parametric statistical representation are estimated to provide a second statistical representation for the non-deterministic noise based on at least one of measurements and simulations performed for the given channel. The BER of the given channel is estimated as a function of the first and second statistical representations.
US07801201B2
A receiver is configured to receive signals corresponding to spread spectrum information symbol streams. The receiver includes a plurality of channel circuits for receiving signals. Each channel circuit is responsive to a received signal for recovering an associated information signal therefrom. The associated information signal is spread by a sequence associated with the respective channel circuit. Each channel circuit is controlled by a clock signal derived by at least a first channel circuit of the plurality of channel circuits. The at least first channel circuit is responsive to the received signal for generating the clock signal by digitally filtering the received signal using digital filter coefficients adapted to the sequence associated with the at least first channel circuit.
US07801197B2
The invention is a single-crystal passively mode-locked semiconductor vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL). The device can be a single emitter or an array of emitters. The VECSEL structure is grown on a GaAs, InP or GaSb substrate. The device consists of an active region with a number of quantum wells (QW) made of GaInAs, GaInAsP, GaInNAs, GaInNAsSb, AlGaAs or GaAsP. The fundamental lasing wavelength is chosen by the gain material. The gain region is sandwiched between the bottom reflector with reflectivity close to 100% and a partial reflector. A semiconductor spacer layer made of e.g. GaAs or AlGaAs is separating the gain region and a semiconductor saturable absorber. The saturable absorber consists of one or more quantum wells made of GaInAs, GaInAsP, GaInNAs, GaInNAsSb, AlGaAs or GaAsP and a second partial reflector. The quantum wells can be of undoped, n-doped, p-doped or co-doped of such semiconductor material that the optical energy emitted by the gain medium is absorbed by the saturable absorber QW material. The n- and p-contacts are metalized on opposite sides of the semiconductor structure. The laser diode current is flowing through the layer structure partially saturating the semiconductor saturable absorber.
US07801196B2
A light source device includes a plurality of first laser emission units and a plurality of second laser emission units for emitting light. The plurality of first laser emission units and the plurality of second laser emission units are disposed on a flat surface. The first laser emission units and the second laser emission units are composed so that a drive for light emission is sequentially switched. Each of the second laser emission units is disposed between the adjoining first laser emission units.
US07801191B2
In a semiconductor laser device, in a case where an emission direction of a laser beam from a semiconductor laser element portion is a front side, a first front end of a first lead is arranged rearward beyond a first rear end of a second heatsink, and a second surface portion of the second heatsink electrically connected to the semiconductor laser element portion is electrically connected to the first front end.
US07801186B2
A spatial coupling provided between an amplified-light waveguide and an output-light waveguide includes a wavelength selecting element that selectively transmits a light having a desired wavelength band out of a spontaneous emission light generated in the amplified-light waveguide and a lens unit that couples the spontaneous emission light to the wavelength selecting unit. An input-side light reflecting unit provided between a semiconductor pumping laser and the amplified-light waveguide and an output-side light reflecting unit formed on an output side of the spatial coupling unit form a laser resonator.
US07801178B2
There is provided an IEEE 1394 transmitter for transmitting a plurality of audio data contents, having an audio data generator configured to sample the plurality of audio data contents sequentially to generate format data of an audio data content; and an IEEE 1394 transmission controller configured to add an IEEE 1394 header packet to the format data of the audio data content.
US07801177B2
A method is presented for determining bandwidth allocations in a content distribution network that comprises multiple trees, where the root of each tree has a server that broadcasts multiple programs throughout the tree. Each network link has limited capacity and may be used by one or more of these trees. The allocation problem is formulated as an equitable resource allocation problem with a lexicographic maximin objective function that attempts to provide equitable service performance for all requested programs at the various nodes. The constraints include link capacity constraints and tree-like ordering constraints imposed on each of the programs. The algorithm provides an equitable solution in polynomial time for wide classes of performance functions. At each iteration, the algorithm solves single-link maximin optimization problems while relaxing the ordering constraints, selects a bottleneck link and fixes various variables at their optimal value.
US07801175B2
A method, a system, a transmitter and a receiver for identification of a time sliced elementary streams using PSI/SI tables. This identification provides a way to separate time-sliced elementary stream from non-time-sliced elementary streams by defining two descriptors in PSI/SI tables. A time slice identifier descriptor is defined, which can be used to identify elementary streams which are time sliced. This descriptor is also used to provide additional information about the transmitted elementary streams. The invention provides a way to announce additional information of the time sliced elementary streams via PSI/SI tables. Additionally, it provides a mechanism to categorize single elementary stream(s) as non-time sliced and time sliced. A way to identify time sliced elementary streams carried over DVB networks is disclosed and providing additional information on those streams. This can be done by using the time slice identifier descriptor. The descriptor can be used at least in Network Information Table (NIT), Program Map Table (PMT) and IP/MAC Notification Table (INT) tables. Time slicing provides a way to save power in the receiver in broadband transmission.
US07801174B2
A wireless communication system (20) includes a wireless network (30) that selectively modifies an aggregation of voice over internet protocol wireless transmissions. In one example, a mobile station geometry provides an indication whether modification of the aggregation is desirable. For example, a mobile station with a better geometry allows for a higher level of aggregation. Another disclosed example includes determining a current cell load condition and increasing the amount of aggregation and the level of aggregation as cell load conditions increase. Another disclosed technique includes staggering the scheduling of aggregated packets to avoid delays at a scheduler. One or more of the disclosed techniques may be used to efficiently transmit voice over internet protocol communications.
US07801173B2
A communication conversion apparatus achieve efficient conversion without conversion delay and converts messages that effect communication with different communication protocols and schedules. In a message conversion apparatus that performs message conversion of different communication protocols, a routing circuit and a scheduler circuits that perform scheduling of the different communication protocols are separately provided. And time-triggered scheduling and event-triggered scheduling are separately performed. Conversion of FlexRay and CAN messages can be efficiently implemented.
US07801170B2
A communication system sets the data transmission time which is the time suitable for data transmission and the quasi-data transmission time which is the time other than the data transmission time in a period in accordance with the transmission path. Further, bits are assigned and transmitted in such a manner that data for one period can be transmitted during the data transmission period for that period and the data can be uniformly distributed over the data transmission time for the period.
US07801161B2
A gigabit passive optical network (GPON) residential gateway comprising a microprocessor for at least processing packets including voice data and packets including video data; dual packet processors for performing GPON and residential gateway processing tasks; a plurality of Ethernet media access control (MAC) adapters for interfacing with a plurality of subscriber devices; a GPON MAC adapter for interfacing with an optical line terminal (OLT) of the GPON; and a digital signal processor (DSP) for processing voice signals.
US07801160B2
An IP communication apparatus has a file transferer that transfers a media data file to a destination apparatus, when determining that the destination apparatus has the file transfer function, based on transmission and reception of SIP messages to and from a call controller, which transmits and receives SIP messages to and from the destination apparatus via a call connection server. Thereby, the IP communication apparatus allows an easy transfer of the media data file.
US07801151B2
A method for forwarding service in the data communication device and the forwarding apparatus, said apparatus includes a memory unit and a forwarding unit, wherein storing the Route Prefix, the private data of the Route Prefix and the corresponding Next Hop Array; said forwarding unit forwards the service at the data communication device according to said private data and the Next Hop corresponding with the Route Prefix. Using the present invention, it can implement the corresponding different a process for the different Prefix while the data communication device is forwarding service. It also may constitute a new-style FIB using the present invention, accordingly not only improve the updating speed of FIB, save the internal memory of the data communication device, but also satisfy the requirement that the different Prefixes need to have the different private domains with some specific functions.
US07801137B2
In one embodiment, a trigger to add a leaf node to a multicast group of a computer network is detected, and the leaf node may determine a root node of the multicast group to request a path between a tunnel tree and the leaf node of the multicast group. In response to the multicast group having an existing tree, a reply is received from the root node with a computed path to add the leaf node to the tree at a selected node of the tree. The leaf node may then be added to the multicast group tunnel tree over the computed path at the selected node.
US07801127B2
Streaming media network streams are modified using a sequence field with the IP layer 3 protocol compatible with already deployed IP switching systems except as noted for device and system testing and operational monitoring which can be used to detect the loss or out of order delivery of packets belonging to a stream. This approach can also provide the ability to numerically characterize the loss in terms of total loss, loss burst size, and loss frequency. By utilizing the bit locations of the IP-defined datagram Identification (ID) field and a unique numerical sequence, loss and out of order delivery may be tracked while avoiding the overhead and complexity associated with added upper layer protocols while gaining other key advantages such as in-situ marking of stream attributes.
US07801125B2
Increased usage of network links is provided and smaller forwarding tables are required. A combination of STP and Multipath methods may be implemented in a network. Frames may be forwarded between switches not only according to MAC addresses, but also according to switch IDs and local IDs. Switch IDs do not need to be globally unique, but should be unique within a particular network. Local IDs need only be unique within a particular switch. Some preferred implementations allow frames to be delivered in order to devices requiring in-order delivery. Preferably, core switches need only learn the switch IDs of each core switch and each edge switch, and the appropriate exit port(s) corresponding to each switch. Preferably, the forwarding tables of each edge switch indicate the addresses of each device attached to that edge switch, the address of each device that is in communication with an attached device and the address of every other switch in the network.
US07801124B2
Method, systems, and computer program products for identifying the application-level protocol of a signaling message are disclosed. According to one method, a message copied by a network monitoring system is received. The service indicator in the message is examined to determine whether more than one application-level protocol is possible. If more than one application-level protocol is not possible, the application-level protocol is identified based on the service indicator. If more than one application-level protocol is possible, additional message attributes are individually examined to determine whether identification of the application-level protocol is possible based on each attribute. The application-level protocol is identified based on the first attribute for which identification is determined to be possible.
US07801119B2
An architecture for providing high-speed access over frequency-division multiplexed (FDM) channels allows transmission of ethernet frames and/or other data across a cable transmission network or other form of FDM transport. The architecture involves downstream and upstream FDM multiplexing techniques to allow contemporaneous, parallel communications across a plurality of frequency channels. Furthermore, the architecture allows a central concentrator to support a plurality of remote devices that each have guaranteed bandwidth through connection-oriented allocations of bi-directional data flows. The upstream and downstream bandwidth allocation can support symmetrical bandwidth as well as asymmetrical bandwidth in either direction. The architecture generally can be used to support connection-oriented physical layer connectivity between a remote device and the central concentrator. Furthermore, the architecture may be integrated into other higher level devices such as, but not limited to, bridges, switches, routers, and/or gateways. The architecture generally may peacefully coexist with other services commonly-found in cable distribution networks.
US07801106B2
In a packet radio network a packet data address is activated for a terminal for transmitting data packets between the terminal and an external network. Information on the activated packet data address is stored at least in the edge nodes of the network. To prevent spoofing, i.e., misrepresentation of sender data, the method and network node of the invention comprise checking in the node whether the source address of the packet transmitted from the terminal is the same as the packet data address used in the transmission of the packet or does the source address belong to a set of allowed packet data addresses. The packet is transmitted from the node towards the destination address only if the addresses are identical or the source address belongs to the set of allowed packet data addresses.
US07801105B2
Radio channel resources are allocated in a radio communications system based on whether a requested data communication requested is associated with a symmetric service or an asymmetric service. If the data communication is associated with a symmetric service, a symmetric connection between the mobile radio station and the radio network is established for communicating data packets associated with the data communication. Radio channel resources are assigned to the symmetric connection for transporting the data packets between the mobile radio station and the radio network. The symmetric connection is assigned substantially the same amount of radio channel resources in an uplink direction as in a downlink direction. In one example, the symmetric data communication is a voice over IP (VoIP) communication. One example environment is a GPRS/EDGE type system where the radio channel resources are time slots and the symmetric connection includes an uplink temporary block flow (TBF) and a downlink TBF.
US07801103B2
A method and apparatus provide a broadcast parameter message in a mobile communication system providing a broadcast service. If the provided broadcast service is time domain multiplex (TDM)-multiplexed, a message generator generates the broadcast parameter message by setting a field indicating the TDM multiplexing, setting a field indicating a position of the broadcast service in each sub-buffer, setting a field indicating whether one sub-buffer includes one service and a field indicating validity of the field, and setting a field exclusively indicating actual broadcast service data stored in one sub-buffer. A transmitter modulates the broadcast parameter message and provides the modulated broadcast parameter message to a terminal that receives the broadcast service.
US07801102B2
A mobile device, a base station device, and a transmission rate control method for preventing the reception power at all the base station devices of an active set from exceeding an RoT threshold and preventing an excessive load. A transmission rate command acquiring section (304) of the mobile station device (300) acquires transmission rate commands transmitted from the base station devices (100a to 100c) from a received signal. A transmission rate determining section (305) determines the transmission rate of the uplink channel according to the transmission rate command. A DOWN monitoring section (306) monitors the transmission rate command from the base station devices (100b, 100c) of a non-primary cell and monitors the amount of “DOWN”. The DOWN monitoring section (306) judges that the load is heavy in a base station device where the amount of “DOWN” is large. If there is a base station device where the load is heavy, an another-cell load information creating section (307) creates another-cell load information for inhibiting creation of AG by the base station device (100a ) of the primary cell.
US07801100B2
Methods wireless communication terminals are disclosed that operate an ad-hoc wireless local area network. A network identifier and an application key are maintained within a first wireless communication terminal. The application key is defined for at least one application program hosted on the first wireless communication terminal. An ad-hoc wireless local area network is established between the first wireless communication terminal and a second wireless communication terminal using the network identifier and the application key.
US07801090B2
The present invention concerns a wireless telecommunication system including at least a base station intended to communicate with terminals over bidirectional communication channels, each channel supporting frames being divided into downlink timeslots and uplink timeslots, each downlink timeslot including a number of symbols intended to be transmitted to at least a terminal, a terminal after having received all the symbols included in a downlink timeslot followed by an uplink timeslot transmits other symbols over said uplink timeslot with a time delay depending on the distance between said terminal and said base station so that the so transmitted symbols are received by said base station at a time separated from the end of the transmission by the base station of the downlink timeslot by a predefined guard period constant whatever said distance, and the base station transmits at least a supplementary downlink symbol during the guard period to terminals that can receive said at least supplementary downlink symbol during the time delays thereof and/or receives during the guard period at least a supplementary uplink symbol from the terminals that can transmit said at least supplementary uplink symbols during the time delays thereof.
US07801082B2
The present invention relates to a handover method that a current coordinator transfers a coordinating function of controlling a network to a different device configuring the network. The present invention relates to a method of selecting an optimal device as a coordinator in selecting the different device using priority information decided by a prescribed evaluation reference. And, the present invention relates to a method of simplifying a procedure in a manner of transmitting relevant information together with a handover request message. In a wireless network including a coordinator, a secondary coordinator is decided in advance. If the coordinator is suddenly unable to perform a function, the present invention relates to a method of enabling the function of the coordinator to be performed by the decided secondary coordinator. Thus, a process for transferring the coordinating function without the handover process is called a recovery process. The present invention relates to the recovery method and a method of deciding a secondary coordinator to perform a recovery. In the method of deciding the secondary coordinator, a method of deciding a more proper coordinator using information on coordinator priority is provided.
US07801077B2
A wireless communication system includes a wireless master node having a plurality of channels, and a number of wireless slave nodes having a plurality of the channels. The master node and the slave nodes are structured to wirelessly communicate over a particular channel. The master node and the slave nodes are structured to decide to hop to a different channel. The master node and the slave nodes are structured to select: (a) the different channel, in order to be as far away as possible from a number of the channels, which are known to cause interference to wireless communications between the master node and the slave nodes, or (b) the different channel, in order to be as close as possible to one of the channels of a different master node, which is compatible with the former master node, but without the different channel being employed by the different master node.
US07801066B2
A mobile communication device (102) includes a wide area network (WAN) modem (122) for communicating over a wireless WAN. During a voice call, the WAN modem operates in a power save mode (206) but must occasionally scan for handover candidate base stations (208). The modem goes directly from the power save mode to a scan mode at an agreed upon time, first selected by the mobile communication device, but which may be modified by the base station.
US07801060B2
A network management apparatus and a network management system are provided which are capable of reducing setting workloads required when an initial setting operation of a network communication apparatus is performed, and a network structure is changed. The network management apparatus acquires information as to respective network communication apparatus which belong to the same network when an operation of the network is commenced, or when a structure of the network is changed. Then, the network management apparatus determines a concrete operating content of said network communication apparatus based upon the acquired information and an operation policy so as to set the determined operating content. Also, the network management apparatus is equipped with a GUI (Graphical User Interface) used to set a role of the network communication apparatus by a manner.
US07801059B2
In a NAT type determination method pursuant to RFC 3489, address information added in a binding response from a STUN server in response to a binding request issued in a latest transmission test is compared with address information added in a binding response in response to any transmission test executed therebefore. When the address information are not identical, a NAT type is determined symmetric. Even when a router whose NAT type changes frequently according to a use status is connected, communication is capable without manual setting change by a user.
US07801055B1
Systems and methods for analyzing communication sessions using fragments are provided. In this regard, a representative method includes: delineating fragments of an audio component of a communication session, each of the fragments being attributable to a party of the communication session; and automatically assessing quality of at least some of the fragments such that a quality assessment of the communication session is determined.
US07801051B2
Erroneous detection of a failure in spite of the absence of failure on the route on account of a communication delay is to be prevented. A node device detects a failure on the route to a remote node device is detected by a failure to receive a packet from the remote node device after the elapse of a determined detection time. The node device sets “remote system transmission interval×detection multiplier” to be a first detecting time on the basis of a packet transmission interval determined by negotiation with the remote node device. It also sets the sum of “remote system actual transmission interval ×detection multiplier” and “tolerable delay time” to be a second detecting time. The first detecting time and the second detecting time are compared, and what is longer is determined as the detecting time to be applied to actual operation.
US07801050B2
An electronic device having logic that allows testing the device via a network interface is disclosed herein. The electronic device comprises the following. The electronic device has testing logic that receives test input signals and generate a test output signal. The electronic device has a network interface that is operable to receive network packets. The electronic device has packet processing logic communicatively coupled to the network interface that is able to determine whether a packet received in the network interface is a packet for testing the apparatus. The packet processing logic extracts test information from packets received on the network interface that are determined to be test packets, and generates the test input signals for the testing logic from the extracted test information. The packet processing logic incorporate test results into network packets based on the test output signal from the testing logic.
US07801047B2
A method for measuring the traffic volume of a transport channel in a mobile communication system is disclosed, including receiving a buffer occupancy for each of a set of logical channels mapped to a transport channel, measuring a traffic volume of the transport channel based on the received buffer occupancies, and reporting the measured traffic volume of the transport channel to an upper layer. The measured traffic volume may be reported to the upper layer when the volume is out of a given range or a timer set to a given period has expired. Using this method, a radio resource control layer can perform a dynamic radio bearer reconfiguration using the measurement results received from a medium access control layer of the communication system.
US07801040B1
In one embodiment a technique is disclosed for facilitating communication between nodes and a head end of an access network including a head end, at least one shared access upstream channel and at least one downstream channel. A first insertion rate estimate is determined. In at least one embodiment, the first insertion rate estimate may relate to an estimated number of nodes attempting to sign-on to the access network during one or more time interval(s). In at least one embodiment, a frequency of occurrence of initial maintenance opportunities available to a first plurality of network nodes may be dynamically adjusted, for example, using data relating to the first insertion rate estimate. According to one embodiment where the access network corresponds to a cable network, the head end of the cable network may be operable to sign on at least 40,000 cable modems within a time interval of not more than 300 seconds.
US07801036B2
A method and system for providing fairness of capacity allocation in a network is presented. The method includes intercepting RSVP messages at a PE router, counting capacity requests for reservable classes of service for each VPN on each LSP, and rejecting requests when a VPN has inadequate capacity on the specific LSP. The present method allocates capacity to MPLS VPNs fairly, so that none is starved by the greediness of other VPNs sharing the same LSP.
US07801027B2
A method and system for digital communication wherein nodes exchange messages at a first data rate in order to coordinate testing at a second, higher data rate. After testing is completed, the nodes exchange test results at the first data rate, and if conditions are satisfactory for operation at the second data rate user data are transmitted at the second data rate. Otherwise, user data are transmitted at the first data rate.
US07801024B2
A system and method is disclosed that assures component circuits transported in aggregated circuits restore correctly after an aggregated circuit fault. The system and method implements component circuit tail segment integrity checks whenever an aggregated circuit is restored in a higher level of a network hierarchy. Switches at both ends of an aggregated circuit perform circuit integrity checks of the tail segments of every component circuit. A failure of the component circuit integrity check on any component circuit causes that component circuit to be released and restored end-to-end.
US07801015B2
An optical disk (100) comprises recording management areas (103, 113) in which record management data for managing data recording is recorded. The record management data includes (i) physical position information (122, 125, 126) indicating the positions of physical buffer areas in which buffer data for buffering recording operation is physically recorded and (ii) logical position information (121) indicating the position of a logical buffer area in which buffer data is logically recorded or to be recorded.
US07801009B2
In an optical head device responding to optical disc of different track pitches, an effect of both obtaining the tracking error signal by the optimum DPP method using a single diffractive element and suppressing the lowering amount in the amplitude of the tracking error signal in a state the object lens is moved by track following is obtained. In the optical head device, the grating phase of left and right regions of a sub-beam generating diffractive element differ from each other by 180 degrees. A central region of the sub-beam generating diffractive element has a grating pattern different from the left and right regions, and is divided into a plurality of regions to form different gratings different from each other.
US07801007B2
An information recording medium includes at least a disc-shaped first recording layer having a first recording track formed for recording record information and a disc-shaped second recording layer having a second recording track formed for recording the record information in the same recording direction as the first recording track of the first recording layer. A second place serving as a reference of a pre-format address for indicating the start position of the data area in the second recording track (position of a circle of address 30000h in the radius direction in the L1 layer) is located at an outer side as compared to a first position serving as the pre-format address for indicating the start position of the data area in the first recording track (position of a circle of address 30000h in the radius direction in the L0 layer) at least by a predetermined first offset amount.
US07801006B2
A high-density read-only optical disc, and an optical disc apparatus and method using the same. The apparatus and method record data on a lead-in area of a high-density read-only optical disc such as a BD-ROM (Blu-ray disc ROM (Read Only Memory)) in the form of pre-pit strings associated with an HFM (High-Frequency Modulated) groove applied to a BD-RW (Blu-ray Disc Rewritable). Moreover, the apparatus and method continuously apply the same tracking servo operation to an entire area of the same high-density read-only optical disc or rewritable optical disc. Therefore, the apparatus and method can simplify an algorithm for controlling a plurality of tracking servo operations, and avoid an increased size of the optical disc apparatus.
US07801000B2
In an optical recording medium of a single-sided incident type having a plurality of recording layers, recording/reading conditions (for example, tracking polarity, recording pulse strategy, recording recommended power, etc.) can be instantaneously switched according to each of the recording layer, and recording or reading of information can be accurately and surely performed under recording/reading conditions adapted to each recording layer. A control unit reads out layer information from one recording layer of the optical recording medium in which the layer information is recorded in each of the plural layers, on which recording or reading of information can be performed by irradiating a laser beam from one side thereof (layer information reading step), and controls so that recording or reading is performed under recording/reading conditions adapted to a recording layer specified on the basis of the layer information (recording controlling step).
US07800997B2
An optical drive servo control system comprises: an optical pickup, for accessing an optical disc and generating an optical signal; a spindle motor, for rotating the optical disc and outputting a FG signal and a spindle motor synchronous signal; a frequency-multiplied FG signal generator, for generating an actual frequency-multiplied FG signal after receiving the FG signal, the spindle motor synchronous signal, a reference clock signal, and a frequency-multiplier value; and, a servo control unit, for controlling the spindle motor and the optical pickup, and compensating a run-out error of the optical disc according to the actual frequency-multiplied FG signal; wherein the frequency-multiplied FG signal generator calculates an ideal frequency-multiplied FG signal according to the reference clock signal and the frequency-multiplier value, and a positioning error between the ideal frequency-multiplied FG signal and the actual frequency-multiplied FG signal is less than half of a period of the reference clock signal.
US07800989B2
A disc-driving apparatus has an optical pickup including an objective lens. The objective lens has an optical axis that is met on a line excluding a central axis of revolution of a disc. The apparatus has storage device that stores plural correction values obtained by detecting fluctuations in amplitude of a tracking error signal with respect to a radial direction of the disc or a quantity of de-tracking with respect to the radial direction thereof. The apparatus has control device that reads the correction value from the storage device and, when the optical pickup is operating, corrects the tracking error signal to conduct servo control based on the corrected tracking error signal.
US07800987B2
In an optical pickup driving apparatus and method, a moving device is controlled when an objective lens is moved toward a recording surface and it is detected that the voltage of the focus error signal has reached a slice level voltage H corresponding to displacement of predetermined magnitude from a reference potential E. The objective lens is moved toward the recording surface by a maximum of an upper limit of a predetermined amount of movement and when the amount of movement of the objective lens reaches the predetermined amount of movement, so as to move the objective lens away from the recording surface. And when it is detected during a period of backward movement of the objective lens, that the voltage of the focus error signal has reached the second slice level voltage H corresponding to displacement of predetermined magnitude from the reference potential E, control of beam spot positioning is performed so as to focus an optical spot.
US07800959B2
A memory has an array of memory cells, column logic, a write driver, a voltage detector, and a bootstrap circuit. The array of memory cells is coupled to pairs of bit lines and word lines. The column logic is coupled to the array and is for coupling a selected pair of bit lines to a pair of data lines. The write driver is coupled to the pair of data lines. The voltage detector provides an initiate boost signal when a voltage of a first data line of the pair of data lines drops below a first level during the writing of the pair of data lines by the write driver. The bootstrap circuit reduces the voltage of the first data line in response to the boost enable signal. This is particularly beneficial when the number of memory cells on a bit line can vary significantly as in a compiler.
US07800950B2
In a flash memory device, different self-boosting techniques are selectively applied to a string of serially connected memory cells responsive to a programming voltage applied to a selected word line. For example, non-local self-boosting and local self-boosting may be selectively applied responsive to the programming voltage applied to the selected word line. For example, non-local self-boosting and local self-boosting may be selectively applied to a first string of serially-connected cells responsive to the programming voltage during an incremental step pulse programming (ISPP) of a selected cell of a second string of serially-connected cells.
US07800942B2
A method and system for providing a magnetic element and memory utilizing the magnetic element are described. The magnetic element includes a reference layer, a nonferromagnetic spacer layer, and a free layer. The reference layer has a resettable magnetization that is set in a selected direction by a magnetic field generated externally to the reference layer. The reference layer is also magnetically thermally unstable at an operating temperature range and has KuV/kBT is less than fifty five. The spacer layer resides between the reference layer and the free layer. In addition, the magnetic element is configured to allow the free layer to be switched to each of a plurality of states when a write current is passed through the magnetic element.
US07800938B2
A memory unit having a spin torque memory cell with a ferromagnetic free layer, a ferromagnetic pinned layer and a spacer layer therebetween, with the free layer having a switchable magnetization orientation with a switching threshold. A DC current source is electrically connected to the spin torque memory cell to cause spin transfer torque in the free layer. An AC current source is electrically connected to the spin torque memory cell to produce an oscillatory polarized current capable of spin transfer torque via resonant coupling with the free layer.
US07800935B2
A resistance change memory device including memory cells arranged, the memory cell having a stable state with a high resistance value and storing in a non-volatile manner such multi-level data that at least three resistance values, R0, R1 and R2 (R0
US07800933B2
A nonvolatile memory cell comprising a diode formed of semiconductor material can store memory states by changing the resistance of the semiconductor material by application of a set pulse (decreasing resistance) or a reset pulse (increasing resistance.) In preferred embodiments, set pulses are applied with the diode under forward bias, while reset pulses are applied with the diode in reverse bias. By switching resistivity of the semiconductor material of the diode, a memory cell can be either one-time programmable or rewriteable, and can achieve two, three, four, or more distinct data states.
US07800928B1
A method of controlling a series-resonant, half-bridge inverter includes turning off the bottom switch and turning on the top switch the inverter when the current through the resonant inductor crosses the zero axis while the current is increasing, thereby insuring zero voltage switching of the inverter switches and increases the overall switching period so that the actual inverter frequency is closer to the resonant frequency of the series-resonant circuit. Using an on-time control circuit, the method further includes controlling the current delivered to the load (such as a gas discharge lamp) by varying the on-time of the top inverter switch.
US07800924B2
A power converter apparatus, such as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS), includes an inverter having an input coupled to a first DC bus and a second DC bus and configured to generate an AC output with respect to a neutral terminal at a phase output terminal thereof. The apparatus further includes first and second neutral coupling circuits, each configured to selectively couple the first DC bus and the second DC bus to the neutral terminal, and a control circuit configured to cause interleaved operation of the neutral coupling circuits.
US07800923B2
An offline synchronous switching regulator is proposed for improving the efficiency thereof. Switches are coupled to switch a transformer and generate a switching signal at a secondary side of the transformer. A switching circuit is coupled to an output of the regulator to generate pulse signals in response to the switching signal and a feedback signal. Pulse signals are utilized to control a synchronous switch for rectifying and regulating the regulator. The synchronous switch includes a power-switch set and a control circuit. The control circuit receives pulse signals for turning on/off the power-switch set. The power-switch set is connected in between the transformer and the output of the regulator. A flyback switch freewheels an inductor current and can be turned on in response to the off state of the power-switch set whose on-time is correlated to the on-time of the power-switch set.
US07800921B2
Power converter system topologies comprise a DC/DC converter. The DC/DC converter includes a transformer coupling a high side to a low side. The high side may include an inverter bridge in the form of an inverter module and an inductor. The low side may include a rectifier in the form of a rectifier module and a pair of inductors. The transformer may take the form of a planar transformer.
US07800918B2
There is provided a memory module that facilitates meeting the needs of high-speed performance and large capacity. It comprises first module substrates (101 through 108), each with multiple DRAM devices (11), and a second module substrate whereon the first modules (101 through 108) are mounted, signal line groups connected to the multiple first modules respectively are provided in parallel, and a controller LSI (50), connected to the multiple first modules respectively via the signal line groups provided in parallel, that converts the signal lines into fewer signal lines than the total number of the signal line groups and outputs the result is provided, and the second module substrate (20) is mounted on a motherboard (40).
US07800916B2
A circuitized substrate assembly comprised of at least two circuitized substrates each including a thin dielectric layer and a conductive layer with a plurality of conductive members as part thereof, the conductive members of each substrate being electrically coupled to the conductive sites of a semiconductor chip. A dielectric layer is positioned between both substrates and the substrates are bonded together, such that the chips are internally located within the assembly and oriented in a stacked orientation. A method of making such an assembly is also provided, as is an electrical assembly utilizing same and an information handling system adapted for having such an electrical assembly as part thereof.
US07800908B2
The invention relates to a novel device made up of a heat source that is formed by at least one electrical or electronic component or is provided with such a component, a heat sink, and an intermediate layer which is located between the heat source and the heat sink and is made of a thermally conducting material. The thermally conducting material is made up of an organic matrix with incorporated nanofibers.
US07800905B1
A flat vapor chamber apparatus and method are provided for transferring heat between integrated circuits. In use, a flat vapor chamber is provided with a first end in thermal communication with a first integrated circuit and a second end in thermal communication with a second integrated circuit.
US07800884B2
The invention relates to a device (1) for the protection against electrical discharges of a conductive fixing element (4) of an aircraft, comprising a cap (2) made of non-conductive material and a washer (3) made of non-conductive material insulating the fixing element (4) from electrical discharges, said cap being an open receptacle with a cylindrical shape closed at one of its ends and open at the other end, comprising at the lower part of its inner face a thread (15), the washer (3) being retained by the fixing element (4), said washer (3) having a thread (5) on its outer face coupling with the complementary thread (15) in the lower area of the inner face of the cap (2), relative movements between the washer (3) and the cap (2) being prevented.
US07800883B2
A flange and hose assembly is provided for a fuel supply unit of a vehicle. The assembly includes a plastic flange 12 and an electrically conductive hose connector 16 extending from a surface of the flange and having an opening in communication with a fluid path through the flange. Discharge structure 28 is associated with the hose connector. The assembly also includes at least one hose 17 for carrying fuel. The hose has an electrically conductive inner layer 27 defining an inner diameter thereof. A portion 22 of the hose connector is received in within the inner diameter of the hose so that the portion contacts the inner layer 27 of the hose, with at least a portion of the discharge structure 28 being accessible outside of the hose. The discharge structure 28 is constructed and arranged to be electrically connected to a terminal of a wiring harness of the fuel supply unit to thereby discharge an electric load in the hose.
US07800870B2
A power protection apparatus including: a switch unit connected in series in a power supply line from a power source to a DC regulator; a first short-circuit detector for detecting a short circuit based on an output voltage value of the DC regulator obtained by making the switch unit conductive for predetermined time and, after that, interrupting the switch unit; a second short-circuit detector for detecting a short circuit based on a value of current flowed in the switch unit when the switch unit is conductive; and a switch interrupting unit, when a short circuit is detected by the second short-circuit detector, for forcedly interrupting the switch unit regardless of a state of the switch unit controlled by the first short-circuit detector.
US07800867B2
A CPP giant magnetoresistive head includes lower and upper shield layers, and a giant magnetoresistive element disposed between the upper and lower shield layers and including a pinned magnetic layer, a free magnetic layer and a nonmagnetic layer disposed between the pinned magnetic layer and the free magnetic layer. In the CPP giant magnetoresistive head, the pinned magnetic layer extends to the rear of the nonmagnetic layer and the free magnetic layer in the height direction, and the dimension of the pinned magnetic layer in the height direction is larger than that in the track width direction. Also, the pinned magnetic layer comprises a magnetic material having a positive magnetostriction constant or a magnetic material having high coercive force, and the end of the pinned magnetic layer is exposed at a surface facing a recording medium.
US07800866B2
A magnetic sensing element is described, including a multilayer film including a pinned magnetic layer, a free magnetic layer disposed on the pinned magnetic layer with a nonmagnetic layer therebetween, wherein a current flows perpendicular to the surfaces of the individual layers of the multilayer film. The nonmagnetic layer is composed of Cu and has a face-centered cubic lattice crystal structure in which the {111} planes are preferentially oriented in a direction parallel to the surfaces of the layer. At least one of the pinned magnetic layer and the free magnetic layer includes a Co2Mn(Ge1-xSnx) alloy layer, the subscript x satisfying the range of 0.2≦x≦0.8; and the Co2Mn(Ge1-xSnx) alloy layer has a body-centered cubic lattice crystal structure in which the {110} planes are preferentially oriented in a direction parallel to the surfaces of the layer.
US07800863B1
A tape guide is provided for use in routing a tape media, used in a computer or other application, along a pre-specified path of travel. The tape guide is oriented along a vertical axis and comprises three sections or components joined together to form an integral guide structure. Upper and lower sections both comprise frustoconical sections, the respective dimensions of the two frustoconical sections being equal to one another in a useful embodiment. A tape is wrapped around the guide, whereby the tape is directed along its path of travel. As the tape moves, the upper and lower sections apply downwardly and upwardly directed biasing forces, respectively, to maintain the moving tape in an equilibrium position in order to avoid contact between the edges of the tape and any guide structure.
US07800860B2
A device for storing data carriers has a housing (10). In the housing (10) magazines (12) can be inserted, which accommodate data carriers, e.g. magnetic tape cartridges (26) lying flat. In order to be able to exchange cartridges (26) without moving the magazine (12) out of the housing (10) and without interrupting the operation of the device, end-sided receptacles of the magazines (12) are designed as a changing device (28), which is mounted as a drawer in the associated magazine (12) and which, in the case of the inserted magazine (12), can be extended out of this magazine (12) and out of the housing (10).
US07800853B1
A disk drive is disclosed comprising a disk having a plurality of data tracks defined by a plurality of servo sectors, wherein each servo sector comprises a Gray coded address representing at least part of a track address. The disk drive further comprises a head actuated over the disk for detecting a first Gray coded address in a first servo sector. A second Gray coded address is generated in response to the first Gray coded address. The first Gray coded address is decoded into a first binary address, and the second Gray coded address is decoded into a second binary address. One of the first and second binary addresses closest to a target address is selected, and the head is positioned in response to the selected binary address.
US07800852B2
A positioning apparatus for providing relative movement between a first member and a second member has a lever element pivotably coupled to the first member along a fulcrum member and has an actuator arm and a positioner arm. First and second flexure elements extend between the positioner arm of the lever element and the second member. An actuator is coupled to the actuator arm of the lever element.
US07800846B2
An imaging lens assembly includes a mount which comprises a mount adhering portion on which a light curable adhesive is applied, an imaging lens which comprises a lens portion, and a supporting portion to extend from the lens portion, and a holder coupled to the mount adhering portion by the light curable adhesive, and to support the supporting portion.
US07800845B2
A support for a vibrating component of an optical assembly that is adjacent to a frame includes an elastomeric rod having one end that is attachable to the component. A rigid sleeve is fastened to the frame and movable relative to the frame. The sleeve has a bore that opens to an inner end of the sleeve and is sized to receive the free end of the rod therein.
US07800838B2
A rectangular optical glass lens and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. A rectangular glass blank is put between an upper mold and a lower mold of a multi-cavity mold and then being heated and pressured. The rectangular glass blank is molded into a lens sheet having a plurality of optical surfaces and the lens sheet is cut to form a plurality of rectangular optical glass lenses. The rectangular optical glass lens produced by such method includes two optical surfaces working as optical areas and a rectangle circumference on non-optical area surrounding the optical surface. The circumference is a rectangular part with four right angles on each corner while the right angles as well as the rectangular shape are formed by cutting of the lens sheet. Thus the manufacturing method of rectangular optical glass lenses are simplified and the produced lens is assembled with a lens module conveniently.
US07800834B2
A zoom lens is provided and includes: in order from an object side thereof, a first lens group having a negative refractive power, a stop; a second lens group having a positive refractive power; and a third lens group having a positive refractive power. The magnification of the zoom lens is varied from a wide angle end to a telephoto end by changing a space between the first lens group and the second lens group and a space between the second lens group and the third lens group. The first lens group includes: in order from an object side thereof, a negative lens having at least one aspherical surface and having a concave surface on an image side thereof; and a positive meniscus lens having a convex surface on the object side thereof. The zoom lens satisfies conditional expressions specified in the specification.
US07800830B2
A zoom lens with an easily bendable optical path, which has high optical specification performance such as a high zoom ratio, a wide-angle arrangement, a small F-number and reduced aberrations includes a first lens group that remains fixed during zooming, a second lens group that has negative refracting power and moves during zooming, a third lens group that has positive refracting power and moves during zooming, and a fourth lens group that has positive refracting power and moves during zooming and focusing. The first lens group includes, in order from an object side thereof, a negative meniscus lens component convex on an object side thereof, a reflecting optical element for bending an optical path and a positive lens. Upon focusing on an infinite object point, the fourth lens group moves in a locus opposite to that of movement of the third lens group during zooming.
US07800819B2
A high extraction efficiency laser system. The novel laser system includes a laser amplifier and a laser source adapted to provide a laser beam to the amplifier such that polarization states for incident and reflected light within the amplifier are perpendicular one to another. In an illustrative embodiment, the laser beam is input to the amplifier such that the beam reflects back and forth between the side walls of the amplifier with an angle of incidence of about 45 degrees, and the laser beam is linearly polarized in the plane of incidence. This arrangement reduces interference fringes in the amplifier. In an alternative embodiment, the system includes an aberrator adapted to add time-varying aberrations in the laser beam at a rate exceeding an inversed lifetime of an inverted population in the amplifier to increase spatial homogenization of saturation and extraction patterns in the amplifier.
US07800818B2
In a blue extended super continuum light source, when pulses of partly coherent monochromatic “pump” radiation of essentially constant amplitude are propagating through a microstructure fiber medium within a region of anomalous dispersion of the medium, then, provided the medium has a finite nonlinear coefficient of the index of refraction, the pump pulse is subject to a modulation instability. This results in formation of a train of narrow pulses with Tera Hertz repetition rate. Phase match between red shifted Raman solitons generated by the pump pulse and energy shed by the pump pulse at all frequencies with a group velocity below the pump pulse group velocity may lead to the formation of Cherenkov radiation. The solitons may seed Cherenkov radiation at different wavelengths depending on the actual fiber parameters. This allows extension of generated super continuum light beyond the four wave mixing limit when applying picosecond or nanosecond pump pulses.
US07800789B2
An analog front-end circuit controlling an imaging device and processing an analog image signal output from the imaging device includes: an analog processing section that receives an analog image signal from the imaging device, provides the image signal with predetermined processing, and outputs the image signal; an A/D converter that performs A/D conversion with the image signal output from the analog processing section; a transmitter circuit that receives digital image data output from the A/D converter, generates a differential signal based on the digital image data, and outputs the differential signal; and a timing generator that generates a plurality of clocks including a multiphase driving clock for driving the imaging device based on a first reference clock; the transmitter circuit including a differential amplifier circuit that generates a differential signal based on the digital image data output from the A/D converter, and outputting the differential signal generated in the differential amplifier circuit.
US07800771B2
A digital copying machine is connected to at least another one of digital copying machines with which data communications can be performed. The digital copying machine has a link copy function that a document is set in the machine itself or another digital copying machine and at least two units of the digital copying machines share the job of executing copy operation on the document, and a printer function of printing according to a print request from the outside. When receiving the print request from the outside during the copy operation based on the link copy function from its start to finish, the digital copying machine puts the print request on hold.
US07800763B1
Methods, systems, apparatus and devices for using a modified PDH technique to measure the FSR of an etalon with one part per 104 precision. An embodiment of the method for measuring the free spectral range of an etalon can include generating a laser light from a laser source, generating a RF source signal, RF modulating the laser light with the RF source signal to produce an RF modulated laser signal, coupling the RF modulated laser signal through a circulator to the etalon, coupling a reflected RF signal from the etalon through the circulator to photo detector, converting the reflected RF signal to an electrical signal at the photo detector, amplifying the electrical signal, mixing the amplified electrical signal with a RF delayed source signal, linearly scanning a frequency of the RF source signal, and monitoring a peak-to-peak mixer voltage Vmixer during the linear scanning of the RF source signal frequency to detect a peak-to-peak minimum voltage when the RF modulation frequency is tuned approximately to a free spectral range of the etalon, the result having a precision greater than one part per 104 without the use of a high resolution optical spectrum analyzer or a tunable laser. This method is especially useful for etalons with small FSR (less than 10 GHz) because this method does not require a high resolution OSA or tuneable laser. As the ITU grid for DWDM becomes denser, this method will have a larger impact on the FSR measurement of etalons.
US07800755B1
A polarimeter includes a multi-wavelength source for generating electromagnetic waves having at least two different wavelengths, means for separating electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves including electromagnetic waves generated by the multi-wavelength source and electromagnetic waves received from a sample contacted by the electromagnetic waves generated by the multi-wavelength source, a fixed waveplate, wherein the fixed waveplate is configured to convert one polarization state to multiple polarization states that allow for calculations of linear and circular polarization components of the electromagnetic waves, a free space coupler, a beam splitter, and more than one detector. The polarimeter may be used in a method for high-speed measurement of linear and circular polarization components of electromagnetic waves.
US07800753B1
Spectroscopic chemical analysis methods and apparatus are disclosed which employ deep ultraviolet (e.g. in the 200 nm to 300 nm spectral range) electron beam pumped wide bandgap semiconductor lasers, incoherent wide bandgap semiconductor light emitting devices, and hollow cathode metal ion lasers to perform non-contact, non-invasive detection of unknown chemical analytes. These deep ultraviolet sources enable dramatic size, weight and power consumption reductions of chemical analysis instruments. Chemical analysis instruments employed in some embodiments include capillary and gel plane electrophoresis, capillary electrochromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, flow cytometry, flow cells for liquids and aerosols, and surface detection instruments. In some embodiments, Raman spectroscopic detection methods and apparatus use ultra-narrow-band angle tuning filters, acousto-optic tuning filters, and temperature tuned filters to enable ultra-miniature analyzers for chemical identification. In some embodiments Raman analysis is conducted simultaneously with native fluorescence spectroscopy to provide high levels of sensitivity and specificity in the same instrument.
US07800749B2
A method for inspecting a transparent substrate provides an index-matching fluid between an index-matched optical coupler and a surface of the transparent substrate. The method repeats, at two or more positions along the surface of the transparent substrate, steps of illuminating an inspection volume within the transparent substrate by directing a ribbon of light through the optical coupler and into the transparent substrate and detecting scattered light from the inspection volume at a detector that is optically conjugate with the inspection volume.
US07800747B2
An inspection apparatus includes: a first light source having a first plurality of surface emitting laser elements which emit fundamental waves, respectively; a first illumination optical system configured to illuminate a first plurality of fundamental waves emitted from the first plurality of surface emitting laser elements on an object to be inspected; and a stage on which the object to be inspected is placed.
US07800743B1
A method and apparatus is disclosed for use in fiber optic signature recognition to analyze buried optical fiber to identify a non-threat area along a fiber route and to discontinue monitoring for disturbances along that area of the cable route. The technique includes determining the location of the zone of non-threatening disturbances from comparing an optical signal to the representation of a prearranged optical signal identified as friendly. Once a zone of non-threatening disturbances is identified, all subsequent disturbances in that zone are considered friendly. Cable monitoring is discontinued in the identified zone of non-threatening disturbances so as to avoid monitoring fiber cable when permitted workers are in the area.
US07800742B2
The present invention is to present a cell analyzer capable of measuring cells which are approximately 20 to 100 μm in size with high precision via flow cytometry. The cell analyzer 10 comprises: a flow cell 51 in which a measurement sample including a measurement target cell flows; a light source part 53 for irradiating a light on the measurement sample flowing in the flow cell 51; an optical system 52 for forming a beam spot on the measurement sample flowing in the flow cell 51, the beam spot having a diameter of 3˜8 μm in a flow direction of the measurement sample and a diameter of 300˜600 μm in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the measurement sample; and a light receiving part 55, 58, 59 for receiving a light from the measurement sample.
US07800737B2
A distance measurement method for use in a laser range finding device to measure a distance between the laser range finding device and a target is disclosed. The method comprises the following steps. A laser signal is sent to the target in a first time point. A reflected laser signal reflected by the target is then received. A digital signal having a plurality of signal values ranging from 0 to N is obtained by sampling the reflected laser signal with a sampling signal, wherein N is an integer larger than two. A maximum signal value among the signal values is obtained. The distance is calculated according to the first time point and a second time point where the maximum signal value is generated.
US07800734B2
An illumination apparatus for illuminating a surface (M) to be irradiated with illumination light emitted from a light source (2) comprises a reflection type fly-eye optical systems (12, 14) disposed between the light source (2) and the surface (M) to be irradiated and constituted by a plurality of reflection partial optical systems for wavefront-dividing a light beam from the light source (2) and superposing divided portions of the light beam onto each other on the surface (M) to be irradiated and a reflection type optical system (10) disposed between the light source (2) and the reflection type fly-eye optical systems (12, 14) for guiding the illumination light to the reflection type fly-eye optical systems (12, 14). The reflection type optical system (10) has a reflecting surface at least partly constructed by a diffusing surface.
US07800729B2
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device which can easily prevent the generation of longitudinal smear. The display device includes a display panel having a plurality of scanning signal lines, a plurality of video signal lines, a plurality of thin film transistors and a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix array. In a state that a gap between two neighboring video signal lines with one pixel electrode out of the plurality of pixel electrodes sandwiched therebetween in a region where one pixel electrode is arranged is larger than a gap between two neighboring video signal lines with another pixel electrode different from one pixel electrode sandwiched therebetween in a region where another electrode is arranged, a size of one pixel electrode is set larger than a size of another pixel electrode.
US07800727B2
In a substrate of a liquid crystal display device which forms a bus line which three-dimensionally intersects scanning signal lines, video signal lines and an insulation layer thereon, the present invention facilitates repairs of short-circuiting between the respective signal lines and the bus line. A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel which is constituted of a pair of substrates with liquid crystal sandwiched therebetween. Out of the pair of substrates, one substrate includes a bus line which is arranged outside a display region and is electrically connected to a first conductive layer arranged inside the display region, and a plurality of signal lines which three-dimensionally intersect the bus line by way of an insulation layer. The bus line includes opening portions outside intersecting regions where the bus line is overlapped to the signal lines as viewed in a plan view. The opening portions are arranged on both sides of each intersecting region.
US07800726B2
A polarizing plate, which can achieve improved brightness with a reduced total-reflection region by appropriately regulating the height or interval of protrusions formed at a surface of the polarizing plate, thereby reducing eye fatigue, and a liquid crystal display device using the polarizing plate are disclosed. The polarizing plate includes a polarizing film, a protective layer formed at a lower surface of the polarizing film, and an anti-glare layer formed at an upper surface of the polarizing film, the anti-glare layer containing a plurality of polymer balls mixed therein such that protrusions, having substantially the same height as one another, are formed at a surface of the anti-glare layer by a predetermined interval.
US07800724B2
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display (“LCD”) panel and manufacturing method thereof. The LCD panel in accordance with the present invention includes a lower substrate including a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode, an upper substrate including a common electrode facing the lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer formed between the upper and lower substrates, and an alignment layer formed of an inorganic substance containing silicon (Si), oxygen (O), and carbon (C) on the upper and lower substrates. The transmittance of light through the LCD panel is high and is practically independent of the deposition temperature of the SiOC alignment layer over a wide range of deposition temperatures. The deposition of the alignment layer can be performed over a wide range of deposition temperatures while maintaining high levels of light transmission.
US07800721B2
There is provided a liquid crystal panel having excellent balance between contrast and viewing angle characteristics.A liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first polarizer; a first optical compensation layer containing a resin having an absolute value of photoelastic coefficient of 2×10−11 m2/N or less, and having a relationship of nx>ny=nz; a second optical compensation layer having a relationship of nx=ny>nz; a liquid crystal cell; a third optical compensation layer containing a resin having an absolute value of photoelastic coefficient of 2×10−11 m2/N or less, and having a relationship of nx>ny=nz; and a second polarizer, in the stated order forward a viewer side, wherein the sum ΣRth1-n of the thickness direction retardation of all the optical compensation layers and the thickness direction retardation Rthc of the liquid crystal cell satisfy the following expression (1): −50 nm<(ΣRth1-n−Rthc)<150 nm (1).
US07800710B2
An image display apparatus has one display screen configured to display images corresponding to a plurality of observers. The image display apparatus includes illumination unit for emitting a first light flux and a second light flux in at least two different directions in a time sharing manner, and a transmissive display element configured to display in a time sharing manner a first image using the first light flux as illumination light and a second image using the second light flux as illumination light. The illumination unit includes a first light source which emits the first light flux, a second light source which emits the second light flux, a first light guiding plate which projects the first light flux only in a direction to a first observer, and a second light guiding plate which projects the second light flux only in a direction to a second observer.
US07800703B2
An autostereoscopic display device comprises a display panel having an array of display pixels for producing a display. The display pixels are arranged in orthogonal rows and columns. The device also comprises an array of parallel lenticular elements positioned over the display panel. The lenticular elements have optical focal axes that are slanted at an angle to the display pixel columns. Display areas of the display pixels have edges that are substantially parallel to the lenticular element axes so that pixels of different views are prevented to be projected to the same viewing zone, thereby preventing crosstalk between views and reducing light intensity variations (due to varying amount of the opaque black mask which is imaged. The light intensity output also varies across each pixel display area in a direction perpendicular to the lenticular element axes.
US07800693B2
Disclosed is a television receiver comprising: a receiving section to receive a broadcast signal associated with predetermined broadcasting; a video display section to display received video based on the broadcast signal received by the receiving section in a predetermined display region; a judgment region setting section to set a judgment region for judging whether or not the broadcasting has ended, the judgment region being in the display region of the video display section; a judging section to judge whether or not the broadcasting has ended, based on a received video in the judgment region of the received video corresponding to the broadcast signals; and a video stop control section to switch off the power source of the television receiver, on a basis that the judging section judges that the broadcasting has ended.
US07800691B2
A video signal processing apparatus generates a plurality of subframes from each frame of an input video signal to generate an output video signal having a frame frequency higher than the frame frequency of the input video signal. The output video signal also has a smaller number of tones than the number of tones of the input video signal. The pixel values of pixels corresponding to the plurality of subframes are set in accordance with the input video signal to represent halftones that are difficult to display with the number of the tones of the output video signal. The pixel values of the pixels corresponding to the plurality of subframes are set to yield a maximum distribution of the pixel values in a time axis direction.
US07800689B2
A camera has a camera body formed in a longitudinal rectangular shape, and in the intermediate portion of the camera body, a flexion/transformation mechanism dividing the camera body into an image photographing section including a lens system for capturing an optical image of a subject and a gripping section for a photographer to grip the camera body at the time of photographing is provided. The flexion/transformation mechanism is configured so as to dispose the image photographing section and the gripping section on a same straight line such that the camera body is formed in the longitudinal rectangular shape in a first state, and to dispose the gripping section angled relative to said image photographing section in a second state.
US07800683B2
A method and system are presented for imaging an object with image resolution for at least a part of the object exceeding by a predetermined factor a geometrical resolution defined by a detector pixel array. A predetermined aperture coding is applied to the wavefront of a light signal indicative of at least a part of the object to be imaged with the enhanced resolution, while propagating towards the detector pixel array. The aperture coding is predetermined in accordance with aliasing occurring in the detector plane and such as to provide orthogonality of spectral data indicative of a sampled output of the detector, to thereby enable using the aperture code to reconstruct the image of said at least part of the object with the resolution enhanced by said factor.
US07800681B2
An image pickup device may include an optical system having a distortion that captures a distortion-containing optical image, a conversion unit that converts the distortion-containing optical image into distortion-containing image data, a storage unit that stores the distortion-containing image data and additional data related to a distortion of the distortion-containing image data, and a distortion correction unit that corrects the distortion of the distortion-containing image data with reference to the additional data.
US07800680B2
The present invention generally relates to photography, including both still photography and video photography. One aspect of the invention is directed toward a lens system that includes a lens, a fitting mountable to a camera, and a flexible body extending between the lens and the fitting. The fitting can be the sole support for the body relative to the camera. The body can be configured to position the lens among at least two operative positions relative to the camera when the fitting is mounted to the camera. Another aspect of the invention is directed toward a method for adjusting focus of a camera using a lens assembly including manually moving a portion of a flexible body of the lens assembly to place a lens in one of at least two operative positions relative to the camera.
US07800678B2
An imaging device that is connectable to an external display device includes a decoder that, based on an instruction to reproduce coded moving image data recorded in any one of an internal recorder, a memory card and an external recording device, decodes data and sequentially obtains a plurality of frames in a predetermined order. The imaging device also includes a blur estimator that sequentially obtains a total motion vector of each frame corresponding to an obtaining speed and a predetermined order of frames, a blur correction processor that sequentially corrects the blur of the frames based on respective total motion vectors, and a second display processor that sequentially outputs the blur corrected frames to the external display. Blur correction processing for moving images output to the external display is performed suitably.
US07800676B2
A CMOS image sensor implementing a low noise active reset operation uses control circuitry outside a pixel sensor array and transistors in a pixel sensor as parts of an amplifier that charges a photodiode node. In one configuration, a reference transistor in the control circuit controls a current mirrored to a column line, and each pixel sensor in the corresponding column contains a transistor that acts as half of a differential pair when the row containing the pixel sensor is selected. A 4-transistor pixel sensor can be implemented using only NMOS transistors with PMOS transistors in the control circuitry used to complete an amplifier circuit.
US07800674B2
A solid-state image sensing apparatus having output channels CH1 and CH2 has first and second driving modes in which pixel signals of pixels in the same image sensing area are read out. The number of output channels to be used is changed between the first driving mode and the second driving mode. In at least one of the two modes, the phase of the read timing of pixel signals of pixels adjacent in the horizontal direction is shifted by a predetermined amount.
US07800670B2
An image pickup apparatus is disclosed which can remove noise with certainty from an image pickup signal while a high resolution of the image pickup signal is assured regardless of a reading out method of the image pickup signal and achieve reduction of the cost. A light receiving face of a solid-state image pickup device has an image pickup region from which a detection signal corresponding to an image of an image pickup subject formed from light incoming to the light receiving face is outputted as an image pickup signal and a light amount detection region from which a detection signal corresponding to the amount of the light incoming to the light receiving face is outputted as a light amount detection signal. A signal processing circuit of a signal processing section processes the image pickup signal to produce a video signal. A detection circuit detects cyclic variation of the luminosity of a light source from the light amount detection signal. A control section controls the signal processing circuit and issues an instruction to a control circuit in response to a result of the detection by the detection circuit.
US07800668B2
In a conventional solid state imaging device, there is a room for improvement in sensitivity. In order to solve the problem, a solid state imaging device includes a semiconductor substrate and a light receiving portion. The light receiving portion is provided adjacent to a surface layer on the surface (a first surface) side of the semiconductor substrate. The surface of the light receiving portion is silicided. The solid state imaging device is one in which light from an object to be imaged incident on the back side (a second surface) of the semiconductor substrate is photoelectric-converted inside the semiconductor substrate, the light receiving portion receives electric charge generated by the photoelectric conversion, and the above mentioned object to be imaged is imaged.
US07800662B2
Disclosed herein is an imaging system including: an imaging device; light blocking means for blocking a light receiving section of the imaging device from light; a pixel defect correction section configured to detect and correct defective pixels of the imaging device; a signal processing section configured to process a pixel signal corrected by the pixel defect correction section; and control means for controlling the signal processing section and the light blocking means according to information obtained by the pixel defect correction section; wherein the pixel defect correction section has timing means and measures an operating time with the timing means to estimate a secondary defect count.
US07800622B2
A method and apparatus for selective control of display data sequencing in a mobile computing device is disclosed. The method may include storing a plurality of display data sequencing instruction sets in a memory of the mobile computing device, each of the display data sequencing instruction sets being usable for transferring data in accordance with a different sequencing of display data than other ones of the display data sequencing instruction sets, receiving an indication of a particular type of display data sequencing to be used, selecting one of the display data sequencing instruction sets based on the received indication of the particular type of display data sequencing to be used, transferring data for display based on the selected one of the display data sequencing instruction sets, and controlling the transfer of data to the display device in order to synchronize the data transfer with the data and timing requirements of the display device.
US07800619B2
A method of providing a PC-based computing system with parallel graphics processing capabilities, wherein the PC-based computing system includes (i) system memory (ii) an operating system (OS, (iii) one or more graphics applications, stored in said system memory, (iv) one or more graphic libraries, (v) a central processing unit (CPU) for executing the OS, graphics applications, drivers and graphics libraries, (vi) an CPU interface module for interfacing with the CPU, (vii) a PC bus, and (viii) a display surface for displaying images of 3D objects. The method involves interfacing a hardware hub having a hub router, with the CPU interface module using the PC bus. The hardware hub is interfaced with a plurality of graphic processing units (GPUs), using the PC bus, so that the GPUs are arranged in a parallel architecture and operating according to a parallelization mode of operation so that the GPUs support multiple graphics pipelines and process data in a parallel manner. GPU drivers are stored in the system memory, for allowing the GPUs to interact with the graphic libraries. Software hub drivers are installed within the system memory for performing the following functions: (i) controlling the hardware hub, (ii) interacting with the OS and graphic libraries, and (iii) forwarding graphic commands and geometrical data stream or a portion thereof to one or more GPUs during the generation of frames of pixel data.
US07800617B2
A technique for displaying a variable number of images on a display, such that a portion of the display contains the thumbnail images representing the library of images currently in use. A user selects a number of thumbnails, and another, often larger, portion of the screen, displays the underlying images of the selected thumbnails. The images are displayed on the screen in proximity to facilitate the comparison of the images, and the size of the displayed images is based upon the size of the portion of the screen and the number of images displayed.
US07800612B2
The invention generates the water grids in each of the visible range of the water wave maps and the third dimension coordinates according to the intersecting points. The third dimension coordinates are corresponded to the actual water height. Finally, the invention generates a water surface having the wave change according to the third dimension coordinates. And the invention can obtain the information of the water height dynamically, generate the water surface image having the light change, including the effect of reflection and refraction, according to the information of the water height, and make the water image corresponding to the actual water.
US07800593B2
A computer as an input adjustment apparatus includes a memory. This memory stores an input adjustment program. The computer is connected with a touch pad. When a user touches the touch pad with his/her finger, the computer is provided with touch coordinate data on a touched portion and a value according to an area of the touched portion. Based on the coordinate data and the value according to the touch area, the computer calculates a scale factor of a range in which the user can actually perform an operation in such a manner as to conform to a whole operating range of the touch pad. Then, the computer multiplies by the scale factor a difference of coordinates indicated by the coordinate data (current touch coordinates) from a reference position, and input the resulting value as input data into an electronic device.
US07800582B1
A system and method for defining and presenting a presentation, e.g., a televised weather report presentation, including a plurality of computer or other generated scenes in which a live on-screen presenter appears as part of the presentation and controls scene sequence and timing in a non-linear manner. A plurality of launch areas are defined for scenes of the presentation. Each launch area has associated therewith a destination scene and, preferably, an indicator icon. During the presentation the location of a pointing element controlled by the on-screen presenter, e.g., the presenter's hand, is tracked, and the indicator icon displayed when the pointing element is moved into a position in space corresponding to a defined launch area. With the pointing element thus positioned, the on-screen presenter operates a communication device to indicate that a new scene corresponding to the launch area is to be displayed.
US07800576B2
A single-channel thin-film transistor buffer includes a first output stage including first and second thin-film transistors connected in series, a seventh thin-film transistor having one main electrode connected to a control electrode of the first thin-film transistor (first control line), the other main electrode connected to a power source of the second thin-film transistor, and a control electrode connected to a second control line, an eighth thin-film transistor having one main electrode connected to a control electrode of the second thin-film transistor (second control line), the other main electrode connected to the power source of the second thin-film transistor, and a control electrode connected to the first control line, and an eleventh thin-film transistor having a control electrode connected to an output terminal of a second output stage connected in parallel with the first output stage and one main electrode connected to the first control line.
US07800575B2
The present invention provides a display device which includes a drive circuit having a CMOS shift register circuit constituted of a simple CMOS circuit. A drive circuit includes a shift register circuit, and the shift register circuit includes n(n≧2) pieces of basic circuits which are connected vertically in multiple stages. The basic circuit includes a first transistor of a first conductive type having a first electrode to which a clock is applied, a second transistor of a second conductive type different from the first conductive type in a conductive type and having a first electrode to which a second power source voltage is applied, and a third transistor of a first conductive type having a second electrode which is connected to the second electrode of the second transistor and a first electrode to which a first power source voltage different from the second power source voltage is applied, wherein the second electrode of the first transistor is connected to a control electrode of the third transistor, an input signal is applied to a control electrode of the first transistor and a control electrode of the second transistor, and a voltage of the second electrode of the third transistor forms a scanning circuit output.
US07800569B2
A liquid crystal display includes a gate driver, a source driver, a plurality of scan lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixel units arranged in an array. The gate driver is used for generating scan signals. The scan signals include a first voltage level, a second voltage level greater than the first voltage level, and a third voltage level less than the first voltage level. The source driver is used for generating data signals. The plurality of scan lines includes a first scan line, a second scan line, and a third scan line, for delivering the scan signals. The plurality of data lines includes a first data line for delivering the data signals. Each pixel unit includes a first pixel electrode, a first transistor, a second pixel electrode, a second transistor, and a level adjustment unit.
US07800568B2
The liquid crystal display (LCD) inspection apparatus for inspecting an LCD panel includes a worktable which supports the LCD panel to be seated on a front side of the worktable, probe units which are electrically connected to the LCD panel, a backlight unit which supplies light to the LCD panel, an imaging unit which photographs an image of the LCD panel supported by the worktable, a first polarizing plate which is arranged between the imaging unit and the LCD panel to polarize the light, a second polarizing plate which is arranged between the LCD panel and the backlight unit to polarize the light, an illumination unit which emits illumination light to surfaces of the LCD panel, and an image processor which receives the image photographed by the imaging unit, and extracts defect information from the received image.
US07800566B2
Disclosed herein is a drive device of a color light emitting diode (LED) backlight, which is capable of precisely adjusting the forward voltages of color LED arrays for each channel.The drive device for driving the color light emitting diode (LED) backlight which includes a plurality of color LED arrays includes an I/O interface for inputting/outputting a signal, a control unit for controlling a driving voltage and driving current according to a brightness control signal output from the I/O interface, a DC/DC converter for converting an operation voltage into the driving voltage according to the driving voltage control of the control unit, a voltage regulator for regulating the driving voltage output from the DC/DC converter to a reference voltage without ripple, a multi-channel driving unit for converting the reference voltage output from the voltage regulator into forward voltages of the plurality of color LED arrays according to a plurality of control signals, and a current source for adjusting the amount of the driving current flowing in the color LED backlight according to the driving current control of the control unit.
US07800563B2
Disclosed herein is a display apparatus, including: a pixel array section wherein a plurality of pixel circuits each including an electro-optical element, a driving transistor, a sampling transistor and a capacitor are disposed in a matrix; a dependence cancellation section configured to negatively feed back, within a correction period before said electro-optical element emits light in a state wherein the image signal is written by said sampling transistor, drain-source current of said driving transistor to the gate input side of said driving transistor to cancel the dependence of the drain-source current of said driving transistor on the mobility; and a scanning section configured to use an AC power supply as a power supply to a last stage buffer of an output circuit to produce a scanning signal which defines the correction period.
US07800555B2
A driving method of plasma display panels is disclosed. This method can suppress a dark belt occurring in displaying a video of a lower part of grayscale. One field includes plural sub-fields, and each one of the sub-fields has an addressing period during which a scan pulse is applied to the scan electrodes and a data pulse is applied to the data electrodes, and a sustaining period during which a sustain pulse is applied to the scan electrodes and the sustain electrodes. A time interval between a scan pulse applied lastly during the addressing period and a sustain pulse applied firstly during the sustaining period is defined as a last pulse-interval. The last pulse-interval of at least one sub-field of a lower part of grayscale, which lower part is darker than a predetermined level of the grayscale, is set longer than the last pulse-intervals of the other sub-fields.
US07800543B2
A wideband chip antenna which is capable of receiving and transmitting signals from an ultra wideband system, where the ultra wideband system comprising a plurality of band groups, and where the response of the antenna can be tuned at the design stage so that a zero in the response of the antenna falls so that its peak is at a particular given frequency, and so that the zero occurs inside an unwanted band group of the ultra wideband system.
US07800541B2
Embodiments of the present invention include a method of determining a location of a mobile device. The method comprises transmitting a signal between a plurality of known locations and receiving signal at device of unknown location such as a mobile device. The signal may include multiple tones having different frequencies and resulting in sets of residual phase differences. The location of the mobile device may be determined using the known locations and the frequency and phase differences between the transmitted tones. In one embodiment, OFDM signals may be used between an access point and mobile device, for example, to determine the location of the mobile device.
US07800540B1
A base station almanac (BSA) stores directional forward link calibration (FLC) values that correct for differences between the listed locations of base station antennas and the actual locations of the antennas. Each directional FLC value is specific to wireless signals that are transmitted from a particular base station antenna and propagate toward a particular receiving area. A mobile station operating in a receiving area measures a wireless signal from a base station antenna located outside of the receiving area to obtain a signal measurement. The location of the mobile station is determined by applying a positioning algorithm that uses the signal measurement corrected by the directional FLC value for that particular combination of base station antenna and receiving area.
US07800536B2
A Doppler frequency searching method and correlator are disclosed. In the present invention, before Doppler frequency removal, a received signal is converted into digital form and the spreading code is removed. Then the signal is down-sampled to have a low sampling rate, which can be determined according to the maximum Doppler frequency to be searched. The Doppler frequency searching is done by stages. Each stage is in charge of a portion of the Doppler frequency to be removed. The sampling rate can be further reduced in each stage. Each stage can have a plurality of Doppler frequency removal units sharing the portion of Doppler frequency that the stage is to remove. Power consumption is reduced since Doppler frequency removal is executed with low sampling rate.
US07800529B2
A new approach to radar imaging is described herein, in which radar pulses are transmitted with an uneven sampling scheme and subsequently processed with novel algorithms to produce images of equivalent resolution and quality as standard images produced using standard synthetic aperture radar (SAR) waveform and processing techniques. The radar data collected with these waveforms can be used to create many other useful products such as moving target indication (MTI) and high resolution terrain information (HRTI). The waveform and the correction algorithms described herein allow the algorithms of these other radar products to take advantage of the quality Doppler resolution.
US07800523B2
There is provided a signal processor with a plurality of antennas connected for transmitting and receiving wireless signals, including a plurality of analog reception processing units, AD converters, DA converters, and analog transmission processing units, wherein each of the analog reception processing units converts the wireless signal received through the antenna into an analog baseband signal and outputs the signal to the AD converter, each of the DA converters converts the digital baseband signal into analog format and outputs the signal, and each of the analog transmission processing units shifts the frequency band of the analog baseband signal output from the DA converter to the high frequency side. The signal processor further includes a transmission switch which switches among the DA converters respectively connected to the analog transmission processing units and a reception switch which switches among the AD converters respectively connected to the analog reception processing units.
US07800516B2
Disclosed is a method of determining the ability to enter a parking gap starting from an initial position of a vehicle. The negotiability is determined by way of two characteristic diagrams (ymin(δ,θ,x); ymax(δ,θ,x)), with the two characteristic diagrams (ymin(δ,θ,x); ymax(δ,θ,x)) indicating for several predetermined sets of values of first vehicle quantities (δ; θ; x) a minimum value (ymin(δ,θ,x)) and a maximum value (ymax(δ,θ, x)) for a second vehicle quantity (y), and with the first vehicle quantities (δ; θ; x) and the second vehicle quantity (y) being selected from the group comprising a longitudinal (x) and a lateral (y) distance of the vehicle (1) from the parking gap (9), a yaw angle (θ) of the vehicle (1) and a steering angle (δ) at steerable wheels (2a, 2b) of the vehicle (1). A parking assist device is suitable to implement the method.
US07800493B2
By providing bio-information and/or environment information between a pair of users, it becomes possible for the users to understand the situation or the feeling of each other more deeply and earlier. A communication system for exchanging the situations and the feelings of both users is provided without performing optional communication operations, such as a telephone call and an e-mail. The condition or the situation on the transmitter side is to be judged and to be notified to the receiver side by inputting bio-information such as breathing, pulse-beats and heartbeats or environment information such as weather, date and hour, ambient temperature, or alternatively, by comparing, synchronizing and/or relating the bio-information and/or the environment information at present with respect to the bio-information and/or the environment information in the past. With respect to the situation of the receiver side, it is also notified similarly to the transmitter side.
US07800489B2
An automation appliance and a method for operating an automation appliance are disclosed. Media data, particularly audio and/or video data, are used to display data relating to the status and/or to the configuration of the automation appliance. The disclosed method for operating an automation appliance significantly improves user guidance.
US07800486B2
A safe driving support apparatus in a vehicle is used in a manner that prevents an over-reliance of a driver on a safety device by an application of a technique. That is, for example, an evaluation of driving operation is lowered when the vehicle has been under control of an avoidance control for avoiding an unsafe situation of the vehicle, and the lowered evaluation of driving operation is recorded on a memory medium as well as being notified for the driver after evaluation is being changed. A provision of the avoidance control may result in a suppression of a vehicular function that contributes to a comfort in the vehicle among functions provided by in-vehicle devices.
US07800484B2
A vehicle safety device has a cabin unit which includes a cabin unit housing holding a keypad, a speaker, a cpu, and a transmitter. The speaker provides an audio signal when a vehicle speed input reaches a preset low-speed, a preset medium speed, and at a preset high speed. A rear unit receives signals from the cabin unit, and the rear unit has a housing holding a seat belt light. The seat belt light is interconnected to a vehicle seat belt sensor. A registration light and a proof of insurance light is also mounted on the rear unit. The rear unit is mounted on the vehicle exterior, preferably on the rear license plate frame.
US07800483B2
A method for controlling the intensity of light within an interior passenger compartment in a motor vehicle to create perceived sensations of safety, comfort and personal accommodation in conjunction with specified, night time, driving-related occurrences. The natural human desire for safety is satisfied as a driver approaches a parked motor vehicle by illuminating the interior passenger compartment with a plurality of light sources (18, 20, 22) in response to having produced a safety approach signal. The natural human desire to be comfortable within a confined space is satisfied by the act of opening the door (28), whereupon the interior illumination intensity is automatically lowered to a second intensity level. Once the transmission shift selector is moved out of its Park condition, the interior light intensity is automatically decreased to a third intensity level to provide the sensation of stress reduction and thus satisfy the natural human desire to be at peace. Intermittently during the third intensity level mode, the driver or other occupants may have a task driven desire to illuminate a localized region of the passenger compartment, which is accommodated by a spot light sub-assembly (22) creating a directional beam of light within the passenger compartment.
US07800481B2
A radio frequency identification (RFID) device includes an antenna configured to transmit or receive a radio frequency signal to or from an external communication apparatus; an analog block configured to generate a first power voltage in response to the radio frequency signal; a digital block configured to receive the first power voltage from the analog block, to transmit a response signal to the analog block, and to output a memory control signal; and a memory configured to read/write data in response to the memory control signal, the memory including a high voltage generating unit for generating a second power voltage from the first power voltage, a first portion driven by the second power voltage, and a second portion driven by the first power voltage, wherein the level of the first power voltage is lower than that of the second power voltage.
US07800480B1
A method for transmitting a RFID signal while conserving the battery power for a circuit in continuous operation is disclosed herein. The circuit includes a RFID component, a microprocessor, an accelerometer and a battery. The battery preferably has no more than 225 milliamp hours of power. The accelerometer is preferably a multiple axis accelerometer. The circuit is preferably utilized with a device for shot tracking.
US07800478B2
A heater assembly is provided for an electrical switching apparatus. The heater assembly includes a heater element and an elongated bimetal. The heater element includes first and second ends, an intermediate portion disposed therebetween and an aperture disposed proximate the first end. The elongated bimetal includes opposing first and second ends, and is movable between first and second positions corresponding respectively to the separable contacts of the electrical switching apparatus being closeable, and to the first end of the elongated bimetal cooperating with a trip bar to cause an operating mechanism to open the separable contacts. The second end of the elongated bimetal is coupled to the intermediate portion of the heater element. When the elongated bimetal is disposed in the first position, the first end of the elongated bimetal extends beyond the upper surface of the first end of the heater element into the aperture of the heater element.
US07800475B2
A non-contact signal transmission apparatus transmits electric power and a signal in a non-contact manner via magnetic induction. The apparatus includes: a pair of annular electric power cores provided in opposing relationship to each other; a pair of electric power coils respectively provided in an annular form at one of the pair of electric power cores; and a pair of signal coils respectively provided in an annular form inside one of the pair of electric power cores. Relative permeability inside and around the signal coils is lower than relative permeability of the electric power cores.
US07800472B2
An improved field emission system and method is provided that involves field emission structures having electric or magnetic field sources. The magnitudes, polarities, and positions of the magnetic or electric field sources are configured to have desirable correlation properties, which may be in accordance with a code. The correlation properties correspond to a desired spatial force function where spatial forces between field emission structures correspond to relative alignment, separation distance, and the spatial force function.
US07800461B2
In an antenna duplexer including a high band side filter, a low band side filter, and a phase shifter in a low pass configuration inserted between the high band side filter and an antenna port and taking phase matching of both filters, a resonance inductor resonating with a capacitor on the antenna port side is provided to obtain a attenuation characteristic in an optional band in an out-of-pass band of both filters by the resonance. For instance, the maximum attenuation is held at twice of the center frequency fL of a pass band of the low band side filter. The LC resonance circuit configuration can be desirably modified into a configuration such that a resonance capacitor is provided to an inductor in a phase shifter having a high band side filter configuration.
US07800459B2
In some embodiments an interconnect includes a waveguide and a transmission line coupled in parallel with the waveguide. Other embodiments are described and claimed.
US07800451B2
A fractional-N divider receives an input signal and supplies a divided signal divided in accordance with an integer divide control signal determined from a divide ratio. A phase interpolator is coupled to the fractional-N divider to adjust a phase of the divided signal according to a fractional portion of the divide ratio. The apparatus, responsive to a request for a frequency adjustment of the generated signal in a programmable number of steps, is configured to adjust the frequency of the generated signal from a beginning frequency to an ending frequency in the programmable number of steps by adjusting the supplied divide ratio at each step.
US07800441B2
A feedback amplifier includes an operational amplifier having an input end and an output end. A first resistor is coupled with the input end of the operational amplifier. A second resistor has a first end coupled with the input end of the operational amplifier and a second end coupled with the output end of the amplifier. A voltage divider has a first end being operably coupled with the output end of the operational amplifier and a second end being analog grounded. In an embodiment, the feedback amplifier further includes a first switch coupled to the first end of the voltage divider and the output end of the operational amplifier, and a second switch coupled to an internal node of the voltage divider. In an embodiment, the feedback amplifier is configured to provide attenuation when the first switch is open and second switch is closed.
US07800439B2
A preamplifier circuit for processing a signal provided by a radiation detector includes a transimpedance amplifier coupled to receive a current signal from a detector and generate a voltage signal at its output. A second amplification stage has an input coupled to an output of the transimpedance amplifier for providing an amplified voltage signal. Detector electronics include a preamplifier circuit having a first and second transimpedance amplifier coupled to receive a current signal from a first and second location on a detector, respectively, and generate a first and second voltage signal at respective outputs. A second amplification stage has an input coupled to an output of the transimpedance amplifiers for amplifying the first and said second voltage signals to provide first and second amplified voltage signals. A differential output stage is coupled to the second amplification stage for receiving the first and second amplified voltage signals and providing a pair of outputs from each of the first and second amplified voltage signals. Read out circuitry has an input coupled to receive both of the pair of outputs, the read out circuitry having structure for processing each of the pair of outputs, and providing a single digital output having a time-stamp therefrom.
US07800434B1
A digital signal detector detects digital signals by only sensing the rising and falling edges of a received digital signal and latches the logic state between the detected edges. Such edges contain very high frequencies that are much higher than the fundamental frequency of the digital signal train. A small high pass filter filters out at least the DC component and the fundamental frequency of the received digital signal. A filtered edge appears as a spike that goes either positive or negative depending on whether the edge is a rising or falling edge. A memory element, such as comprising an RS flip flop, is triggered by the positive and negative spikes. A positive spike triggers the flip flop to output a logical one, and a negative spike triggers the latch to output a logical zero. In this way, the digital signal is recreated without the original digital signal itself being required to pass through the high pass filter.
US07800429B2
A simple voltage detection circuit has few circuit elements, but provides a voltage output that is substantially temperature insensitive. The voltage detection circuit includes a diode-connected transistor, a cascode-connected transistor, as well as first and second resistors coupled between ground and a ramped power supply voltage. The diode-connected transistor exhibits a negative temperature coefficient. The on resistance of the cascode-connected transistor increases with temperature and thus the voltage dropped across the cascode-connected transistor also increases with temperature. By correctly sizing the cascode-connected device, the negative and positive temperature coefficients of the diode-connected and cascode-connected devices can be substantially cancelled out.
US07800420B2
A power detect system and circuit for detecting a voltage level of an input/output supply voltage (VDDIO) in a circuit of low voltage devices is disclosed. In one embodiment, the power detect system and circuit includes a voltage divider coupled between the VDDIO and a negative supply voltage (VSS) for generating a bias voltage, a first inverter coupled between a core voltage (VDD) and the VSS for generating a first node voltage based on the bias voltage, a native device coupled between the VDDIO and the VSS for generating a second node voltage based on the bias voltage, and a switch coupled between the first inverter and the native device for controlling the second node voltage based on the first node voltage. The power detect system further includes a second inverter coupled between the VDD and the VSS for generating an output voltage based on the second node voltage.
US07800418B2
A first switched capacitor circuit is connected to the source of one MOS transistor of a current mirror pair configured by a pair of MOS transistors and a second switched capacitor circuit is connected to the source of the other MOS transistor. Each of the first and second switched capacitor circuits includes a capacitor and a switch connected in parallel with the capacitor and the switch is on/off-controlled based on a clock signal of a preset cycle. Each of the first and second switched capacitor circuits equivalently functions as a resistor with large resistance and a variation in the output current of the current mirror circuit based on a variation in the threshold voltages of the pair of MOS transistors can be reduced even if the power source voltage is reduced.
US07800413B2
A differential-signal output circuit for a timing controller of a display device includes a conversion circuit, a pre-charging circuit and a timing generator. The conversion circuit is used for receiving a differential signal and outputting a current to a load circuit according to polarity of the differential signal. The pre-charging circuit is coupled to a first output end and a second output end of the conversion circuit or is coupled to a first power driving end and a power second driving end of the conversion circuit. The pre-charging circuit is used for pre-charging the load according to a control signal. The timing generator is used for generating the differential signal and a control signal according to display data.
US07800403B2
A universal support device for supporting a reconfigurable electronics device is disclosed. The universal support device includes an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) module coupled to multiple non-volatile memory devices. The ASIC module is capable of interfacing with an external reconfigurable electronics device via a set of load/read-back interface lines and sense mitigation lines. The load/read-back interface lines are capable of being programmed to provide a parallel or a serial load and/or store protocols. The sense mitigation line can sense conditions that indicate a single-event functional interrupt or a radiation-induced event occurred within the reconfigurable electronics device.
US07800402B1
A programmable logic device integrated circuit or other integrated circuit may have logic circuitry that produces data signals. The data signals may be routed to other logic circuits through interconnects. The interconnects may be programmable. A level recovery circuit may be used at the end of each interconnect line to strengthen the transmitted data signal. The level recovery circuit that is attached to a given interconnect line may produce true and complementary versions of the data signal that is on that interconnect line. Level shifting circuitry may be provided to boost the data signals on the interconnects. Each interconnect line may have a level shifter circuit that receives the true and complementary versions of a data signal and that produces corresponding boosted true and complementary versions of the data signal. The boosted signals may be provided to the control inputs of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor pass gates in programmable look-up table circuitry.
US07800394B2
It is an object to correct a gap of a rise of a gate signal caused by characteristics of a transistor. In a display device, black is accurately displayed by using an inspecting circuit and a signal correcting circuit. In the case where a gate signal lags due to characteristics of a transistor, and the like, black cannot be accurately displayed at timing to display black in some cases. In such a case, a defect of the gate signal is detected by the inspecting circuit, and the gate signal is corrected by the signal correcting circuit.
US07800391B2
An apparatus and method for testing an integrated circuit in a target electronic application, wherein the apparatus includes a socket for receiving the integrated circuit, a modified commercial electronic product which models the target electronic application, and an electrical connection between the socket and the modified commercial electronic product. The method of testing an integrated circuit includes placing an integrated circuit in a socket that is coupled to a circuit board substantially identical to that of a circuit board configured to include the integrated circuit, but which does not include the integrated circuit, and testing the integrated circuit. A method of making such a tester mechanically attaching a socket to a modified commercial electronic product and electrically connecting an integrated circuit and the modified commercial electronic product. This approach allows for cheaper, more comprehensive, and more accurate testing of an integrated circuit.
US07800382B2
A cartridge, including a cartridge frame, formations on the cartridge frame for mounting the cartridge frame in a fixed position to an apparatus frame, a contactor support structure, a contactor interface on the contactor support structure, a plurality of terminals, held by the contactor support structure, for contacting contacts on a device, and a plurality of conductors, held by the contactor support structure, connecting the interface to the terminals.
US07800381B2
Test structures, systems, and methods for semiconductor devices are disclosed. In one embodiment, a test structure for a semiconductor device includes a winding disposed in at least one conductive material layer of the semiconductor device. At least a portion of the winding extends proximate a perimeter of the semiconductor device. The winding includes a first end and a second end. A first test pad is coupled to the first end of the winding, and a second test pad is coupled to the second end of the winding.
US07800380B1
A circuit for controlling a voltage across a device and permitting measurement of a current through the device includes a sense impedance in series combination with, the device, a sensed voltage measured across the sense impedance being representative of the current through the device; a capacitive stability element in parallel combination with the sense resistance, the capacitive stability element being virtually absent by connection to a virtual version of the sensed voltage when the device has a first capacitance and being present when the device has a second capacitance, the second capacitance being larger than the first capacitance.
US07800378B2
A microwave resonator for or on a textile machine, especially a card, draw frame, combing machine or the like, for attachment to a measuring device for measuring the mass and/or moisture content of textile fiber material conveyable continuously through a resonator chamber, has a housing with wall elements, wherein through-openings in spaced wall elements lying opposite one another are coaxially connected by a tubular element and the interior space of the housing is hollow. In order substantially to simplify manufacture and permit an uninterrupted resonance field, the housing comprises a hollow profile with profile walls in which at least one tubular element connects through-openings in opposite profile walls with each other.
US07800377B2
An apparatus and method for current transformer adaptation for extending a distance between a current sensing location, having a load current carrying load conductor, and a current measuring location having a measuring instrument. A first current transformer adapted to being connected to the load conductor is used to sense the load current. Typically the distanced between the first current transformer and the current measuring instrument is limited by a load burden rating of the first current transformer and a pre-determined resistive load per unit length of an instrument conductor connecting the first current transformer and the current measuring instrument. The present invention provides for the distance to be extended by connecting a second current transformer, having greater load burden rating than the first current transformer, to a secondary winding of the first current transformer and connecting the instrument conductor between the second current transformer and the current measuring instrument.
US07800372B2
In one aspect, an apparatus and a method for estimating one or more electrical properties downhole are provided. The apparatus, in one embodiment, may include a metallic member that has a longitudinal axis and a radial axis, at least two groups of slots formed in the metallic member, each group of slots having at lest two rows of slots, each row of slots containing at least one slot, and an electrical conductor placed over the at least two rows of slots at an angle to the radial axis of the metallic member to form an antenna of a tool for use in a wellbore for estimating the electrical properties downhole. The antenna may be configured to operate as a transmitter or as a receiver.
US07800371B2
An embodiment of the invention relates to a portable or handheld device for performing NMR analysis. The device comprises a console and a strip which can be placed into the console through a slot or other means. The strip comprises a sample holding place and a microcoil for generating an excitation magnetic field across a sample in the sample holding space. A permanent magnet is provided either by the console or the strip and generates a static magnetic field which, together with the excitation magnetic field, creates NMR within the sample. Other embodiments of the invention also encompass method of performing NMR analysis using the portable device and method of making such devices.
US07800369B2
Remote adjustment of a selected one of a plurality of adjustable NMR probe circuit components is achieved with a plurality of selectable linear actuators, the selected one of which urges a platen against a respective driven gear, azimuthally locked to its shaft, to displace it axially along that shaft. When the driven gear engages a driving gear a single driving motor is energized and controlled to effect the desired adjustment.
US07800367B2
A method for generating a susceptibility (or T2*) weighted magnetic resonance (MR) image includes defining a pulse sequence having a plurality of gradient echoes and acquiring MR data for each of the plurality of gradient echoes. A weighting function is applied to image data for each gradient echo such as MR data (e.g., k-space data) or magnitude images associated with each gradient echo. A susceptibility weighted image is generated by combining the image data for each gradient echo based on at least the application of the weighting function.
US07800361B2
A magnetic encoder constituting rotation detector in combination with a magnetic sensor, comprising a circular multipolar magnet and a metal reinforcing ring to which the circular multipolar magnet is fixed is disclosed.The encoder is characterized by a projecting portion which is provided at a surface of the circular multipolar magnet facing to the metal reinforcing ring, so as to form an adhesive space to secure uniform adhesive layer between metal reinforcing ring and the circular multipolar magnet, thereby preventing from being peeled off or cracked. And the height of the projecting portion is adapted to define the thickness of the adhesive layer.
US07800358B2
After the periphery of the magnetic sensitive element is surrounded by an elastic member, the magnetic sensitive element is mold-formed with resin material. Soft epoxy or gel resin is employed as the elastic member, poured in an element-mounting space and solidified. The magnetic sensitive element is surrounded by silicone rubber. Such construction allows the magnetic sensitive element not to be affected by vibration and allows the elastic member to absorb the stress which is created due to the thermal deformation of the molded resin.
US07800352B2
A modulation controller includes an error amplifier which receives a reference voltage and an output voltage (VOUT) from a switching regulator being controlled by the controller at its inputs and provides a VCOMP signal at its output, and at least one comparator, wherein a first input of the comparator is coupled to an output of the error amplifier and a second input coupled to receive a ramp signal. A VCOMP shift cancellation circuit is interposed between the first or second input of the comparator, wherein the VCOMP shift cancellation circuit improves diode conduction mode performance (DCM) of the regulator by reducing a variation in average VCOMP.
US07800349B2
The present invention relates a system for compensating for a voltage dip and undervoltage containing a primary side and secondary side transformer, a voltage dip/swell detector, and a level detector/switch selector device, wherein the secondary side of the transformer possesses a minimally sufficient number of taps to allow the system to be modified to meet supply voltage dips. The system, in particular, allows for long term compensation of voltage dips and quick adjustment of load voltage, usually within one cycle. Methods of using the present invention are also presented.
US07800343B2
A charging device includes a battery voltage detecting circuit for detecting the voltage of a battery pack; and a microcomputer having RAM for temporarily storing a battery voltage detected by the battery voltage detecting circuit, and a CPU for calculating a battery voltage gradient from the battery voltage detected by the battery voltage detecting circuit and a battery voltage sampled a prescribed time earlier. The charging device determines that the life of the battery has expired when the voltage of the battery pack prior to charging is less than or equal to a prescribed value J and the battery voltage gradient within a prescribed time period after the start of charging is greater than or equal to a first prescribed value K. The charging device also includes a display circuit for notifying the user when the life of the battery pack has deteriorated.
US07800333B2
A method for reducing audible motor noise in a motor drive, wherein the motor drive includes a motor controller driving a PWM space vector modulator providing gating pulses to an inverter providing phase currents to the phase windings of the motor, and wherein phase currents of the motor are determined by taking samples of the DC link current in a DC link powering the inverter. The method comprises determining the speed of the motor and comparing the speed to a preset threshold, the preset threshold defining a speed at which audible noise is generated by the motor due to a minimum pulse constraint being imposed on the motor phase currents in order to reliably sample the DC link current to measure the phase current. If the speed is below the threshold, the DC link current in the DC link is sampled using a reduced number of current samples for a PWM cycle of the PWM space vector modulator to reduce audible motor noise.
US07800332B2
A powered apparatus includes a driven component that is movable along a path and a drive motor that moves the driven component along the path. A motor speed detector monitors an instantaneous speed of the drive motor at each position along the path. An electronic control unit operates the drive motor and includes load profile data representing a number of motor loads associated with respective positions of the driven component along the path. A calculating component determines a calculated final rest position of the driven component by adding a current position of the driven component along the path and an adjustment coefficient representing an additional distance of travel along the path based on the instantaneous speed of the drive motor and a respective motor load associated with the additional distance of travel. A non-volatile memory component stores the calculated final rest position of the driven component.
US07800329B2
There are provided a motor control device and a method for deciding a velocity instruction shape within the limit of a movement range, a velocity, and an acceleration of an object device while maintaining the acceleration as high as possible in inertia identification. The motor control device includes a position control unit for generating a velocity instruction based on a position instruction and a motor position, a velocity control unit for generating a torque instruction based on the velocity instruction and a motor velocity, and a motor drive unit for generating motor current from the torque instruction. The motor control device further includes a model control unit for generating a model torque instruction based on the velocity instruction and a model velocity, an inertia identification unit for identifying an inertia from a predetermined positional instruction according to a ratio of the motor torque instruction integrated value obtained by temporal integration of the torque instruction of the motor at a predetermined section and the model torque instruction integrated value obtained by temporal integration of the model torque instruction at a predetermined section, and an instruction shape generation unit for automatically generating an instruction shape upon identification according to the conditions of the maximum movable distance, the permitted velocity, the permitted acceleration, and the maximum operation time of the object machine.
US07800327B2
An apparatus and method for providing improved sensorless control of permanent magnet motors is described. Induced electricity from at least one winding set is used to determine rotor position and provide feedback to a commutation circuit driving at least another winding set isolated from the first.
US07800326B2
A brushless D.C. motor has a rotor with a plurality of magnets secured to a mounting surface. Each magnet has an RFID tag secured to a magnet surface, with each RFID tag having stored therein a unique identification character serving to identify the magnet. A stator has a plurality of pole teeth separated by slots, each pole tooth having a power coil wound thereabout. A plurality of RFID interrogation antennae are mounted adjacent the pole teeth. An RFID reader generates r.f. interrogation signals broadcast by the antennae to the RFID tags. The RFID tags respond by broadcasting the unique identification character whenever an interrogation signal is sensed as the tag enters the region of a pole tooth. This position and magnet identification information is received by the RFID reader, which processes the information and sends it to a motor controller and driver unit, which supplies operating power to the individual power coils. The coils are connected in either a conventional star configuration or individually to the electrical power source to provide improved commutation control of the motor. After assembly, the motor is calibrated to eliminate mechanical, electrical and magnetic irregularities by operating the motor in a generator mode, examining the emf generated by the power coils, and developing compensating parameters to alter the driving signals for the power coils.
US07800325B2
Disclosed is a realization method of a speed signal of a motor using a linear Hall-effect sensor that may include the steps of: determining coordinate values on a x-y coordinate system using a Hall signal in the form of a sine wave of a linear Hall-effect sensor, evaluating a summed coordinate value of the above coordinate values, calculating the angle (θ) formed by a summed coordinate value and the x axis; determining the quadrant of the resulted angle (θ), and determining a speed signal by dividing the final motor displacement value by the rate of time change.
US07800315B2
Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a system, apparatus, and method of controlling an intensity and spectrum of light emitted from a solid state lighting system. The solid state lighting has a first emitted spectrum at full intensity and at a selected temperature, with a first electrical biasing for the solid state lighting producing a first wavelength shift, and a second electrical biasing for the solid state lighting producing a second, opposing wavelength shift. Exemplary embodiments provide for receiving information designating a selected intensity level or a selected temperature; and providing a combined first electrical biasing and second electrical biasing to the solid state lighting to generate emitted light having the selected intensity level and having a second emitted spectrum within a predetermined variance of the first emitted spectrum over a predetermined range of temperatures.
US07800311B2
At the time of restoration of the power supply after a power failure, a voltage higher than that in the normal operation mode is supplied to a heater. After a lapse of a predetermined time, the voltage to be supplied to the heater is switched into the voltage in the normal operation mode while a control signal for stating the operation of an electron tube is output. Alternatively, at the time of power activation, the rate of change of current flowing through a heater is determined for every period of time. When the rate of change becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined threshold, a voltage higher than that in the normal operation mode is supplied to the heater, and after a lapse of a predetermined time, the voltage to be supplied to the heater is switched into the voltage in the normal operation mode while a control signal for stating the operation of the electron tube is output.
US07800308B2
A excimer lamp comprises an electric discharge container in which a sealing member is provided between a lid member and an arc tube which does not contain silica, and a pair of external electrodes which are separately provided on an outer surface of the arc tube, wherein rare gas and a fluoride is enclosed in the electric discharge container, and the fluoride is sulfur hexafluoride, carbon tetrafluoride, or nitrogen trifluoride.
US07800298B2
A light-emitting device and the fabrication method thereof. A substrate is provided. A plurality of active elements are formed on the substrate, defining a plurality of pixel areas. A color filter is formed on the pixel areas. The surface of the color filter is planarized to reduce roughness. An electrode is formed on the color filter. An light-emitting layer is formed on the electrode. A second electrode is formed on the light-emitting layer.
US07800296B2
An organic light emitting display device including a first electrode that has a three layer structure, improved adhesion, and is simple to fabricate, and a method of fabricating the same, are provided. The organic light emitting display device includes: a substrate; a first electrode disposed on the substrate, the first electrode comprising a first metal layer including Mo or an Mo alloy, a second metal layer disposed on the first metal layer and including Ag or an Ag alloy, and a third metal layer disposed on the second metal layer and including a transparent conductive oxide layer; an organic layer disposed on the first electrode and including an organic emission layer; and a second electrode disposed on the organic layer.
US07800295B2
The present invention provides OLEDs incorporating microcavities. By combining a microcavity with a non-microcavity emissive layer, improved saturation and luminance may be achieved. OLEDs incorporating microcavities according to the invention may be used to produce white light, and as sub-pixels in full-color displays.
US07800294B2
A light emission device and a display device using the light emission device as the light source are disclosed. In one embodiment, the light emission device includes i) first and second substrates facing each other and forming a vacuum vessel, ii) an electron emission unit provided on the first substrate, and iii) a light emission unit provided on the second substrate. The light emission unit may include i) a transparent anode electrode formed on the second substrate, ii) a phosphor layer formed on the anode electrode, and iii) a plurality of sub-electrodes contacting the anode electrode and crossing the phosphor layer under the phosphor layer. The sub-electrodes may have a resistance lower than that of the anode electrode.
US07800293B2
A field emission lamp generally includes a tube having at least one open end, at least one sealing member respectively arranged in a corresponding open end of the tube, an anode, and a cathode. The anode includes an anode conductive layer formed on an inner surface of the tube, a fluorescent layer formed on the anode conductive layer, and at least one anode electrode electrically connected with the anode conductive layer and extending out of the at least one sealing member. The cathode includes an electron emission element and at least one cathode electrode electrically connected with the electron emission element and extending out of the at least one sealing member. The electron emission element has an electron emission layer. The electron emission layer includes getter powders therein to exhaust unwanted gas in the field emission lamp, thereby ensuring the field emission lamp with a high degree of vacuum during operation thereof. A method for making such field emission lamp is also provided.
US07800292B2
A vacuum envelope and an electron emission display having the vacuum envelope are provided. The vacuum envelope includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing the first substrate. A side member is disposed at peripheries of the first substrate and the second substrate. A first spacer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate at an active area of the vacuum envelope, and a second spacer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate at a non-active area of the vacuum envelope, the non-active area surrounding the active area. A height of the first spacer is greater than a height of the second spacer.
US07800288B2
The present invention discloses a magnetic light, having a magnetic energy generator for supporting a light body penetrated through therein, the magnetic energy generator includes a pair of detachable members jointed together with a face to face manner, wherein each of the magnetic members has at least an indented groove define onto a facing side at an aligned position for supporting the light body, such that when such two magnetic members approach with each other, the correspondingly mated indented grooves will combine to clamp the light body therebetween and to from a magnetic air gap between two magnetic members for communicating seperated the indented grooves,accordingly, an insulated bakelite frame provided onto the magnetic air gap for winding up an electromagnetic wire.
US07800287B2
White-light efficiency from a light emitting diode is enhanced by recycling inwardly penetrating light outwardly by application of a multi-layer, thin film filter between the LED die and the phosphor layer. This procedure increases the package extraction efficiency.
US07800285B2
A coating providing high abrasion and chemical resistance composed of a barrier layer from vanadium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum and the like, and an outer layer of diamond-like carbon. The coating is especially applicable for acoustic wave device (AWD) based sensors, and for passivating an electrode such as an electrode deposited on the AWD sensing area. The coating provides excellent mechanical and acoustical characteristics for coating acoustic wave devices allowing the sensor to operate in harsh environments.
US07800282B2
Oscillators include a resonator having first and second electrodes and configured to resonate at a first frequency at which the first and second electrodes carry in-phase signals and at a second frequency at which the first and second electrodes carry out-of-phase signals. A driver circuit is configured to selectively sustain either the in-phase signals on the first and second electrodes or the out-of-phase signals on the first and second electrodes so that the resonator selectively resonates at either the first frequency or the second frequency, respectively. Related oscillator operating methods are also disclosed.
US07800275B2
A device for generating electrical or mechanical output, comprising a rotor coil, a rotor assembly with an axis, and having rotator extensions, a stator coil, and a stator assembly, the stator assembly having two sets of stator flux conductor extensions, the rotator end of the stator flux conductor extension having a stator conductor surface and the interior ends of the first set of stator flux conductor extensions abutting the interior ends of the second stator flux conductor extensions at an abutting junction, wherein rotating the rotor assembly about the axis alternates the rotor assembly between a first and second position in which each of the rotor extension surfaces alternately face the stator conductor surfaces of the first and second set of stator flux conductor extensions. The first and second positions of the rotor assembly lead to the conduction of magnetic flux in the device in opposite paths in the stator assembly generating an output in an output coil. Alternatively, flux conductive extensions can be mounted onto the rotor and an electromagnet or a permanent magnet onto the stator portion. A number of other variations are also shown, including configurations that reduce flux loss between the components. These other variations include a device with a disk-shaped rotor.
US07800267B2
A second ball bearing is installed from a first axial side toward a second axial side into an interior of a bearing holder of a rotor through an opening of the bearing holder, so that an outer race of the second ball bearing is press fitted to an inner peripheral portion of the interior of the bearing holder. A first ball bearing is inserted from the first axial side toward the second axial side into the interior of the bearing holder of the rotor through the opening of the bearing holder after the installing of the second ball bearing, so that an outer race of the first ball bearing is press fitted to the inner peripheral portion of the interior of the bearing holder and is axially spaced from the outer race of the second ball bearing.
US07800266B2
An electric motor has a wound rotor having a shaft, a rotor core, a commutator and windings wound about the rotor core and connected to the commutator. It has a stator confronting the rotor; brush gear connecting the commutator to motor terminals; first and second bearings for rotatably supporting the rotor, and an oil stopper fitted to the shaft between the commutator and the first bearing for preventing oil migrating along the shaft from the first bearing reaching the commutator. The oil stopper is of high temperature material, preferably a metal such as brass, aluminum and steel.
US07800259B2
A stator assembly for use in a fluid-cooled motor is disclosed, wherein a cooling jacket is disposed around a main body of the stator, the cooling jacket including at least one conduit adapted to receive a coolant therein, thereby minimizing a complexity and a cost of manufacture of the stator assembly, and maximizing a cooling capability of the stator assembly.
US07800254B2
A system. The system includes a multi-winding device having a primary winding and a plurality of three-phase secondary windings, and a plurality of power cells. Each power cell is connected to a different three-phase secondary winding of the multi-winding device. The system also includes a first contact connected to a first input terminal of at least one of the power cells, a second contact connected to a second input terminal of the at least one of the power cells, and a third contact connected to first and second output terminals of the at least one of the power cells.
US07800251B2
A system is described including a means for receiving a potential and selectively supplying the potential to a load. The receiving and supplying means being responsive to a load control signal to supply the potential to the load when the load control signal is present. The system also includes a means for measuring a load demand. Also included is a means for controlling the receiving and supplying means. The controlling means continuously providing the load control signal when the load demand is greater than a predetermined threshold. The controlling means temporarily providing the load control signal to determine the load demand when the load demand is less than the predetermined threshold.
US07800238B2
Stacked microelectronic dies employing die-to-die interconnects and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a stacked system of microelectronic dies includes a first microelectronic die, a second microelectronic die attached to the first die, and a die-to-die interconnect electrically coupling the first die with the second die. The first die includes a back-side surface, a surface depression in the back-side surface, and a first metal contact located within the surface depression. The second die includes a front-side surface and a second metal contact located at the front-side surface and aligned with the first metal contact of the first die. The die-to-die interconnect electrically couples the first metal contact of the first die with the second metal contact of the second die and includes a flowable metal layer that at least partially fills the surface depression of the first die.
US07800229B2
An improved SIV resistance and an improved EM resistance are achieved in the coupling structure containing copper films. A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a second insulating layer formed on or over the semiconductor substrate; a second barrier metal film, formed on the second insulating film, and being capable of preventing copper from diffusing into the second insulating film; and an electrically conducting film formed on the second barrier metal film so as to be in contact with the second barrier metal film, and containing copper and carbon, wherein a distribution of carbon concentration along a depositing direction in the second electrically conducting film includes a first peak and a second peak.
US07800228B2
A reliable and mechanical strong interconnect structure is provided that does not include gouging features in the bottom of the an opening, particularly at a via bottom. Instead, the interconnect structures of the present invention utilize a Co-containing buffer layer that is selectively deposited on exposed surfaces of the conductive features that are located in a lower interconnect level. The selective deposition is performed through at least one opening that is present in a dielectric material of an upper interconnect level. The selective deposition is performed by electroplating or electroless plating. The Co-containing buffer layer comprises Co and at least one of P and B. W may optionally be also present in the Co-containing buffer layer.
US07800227B2
In a semiconductor device including a multilayer pad, the multilayer pad comprises a first pad layer provided over a semiconductor substrate to have a first copper wiring region and a first intralayer insulating region provided within the first copper wiring region, and a second pad layer provided over the first pad layer via an interlayer insulating film to have a second copper wiring region and a second intralayer insulating region provided within the second copper wiring region. In the semiconductor device, the first copper wiring region, the first intralayer insulating region, the second copper wiring region, and the second intralayer insulating region are provided in the first and second pad layers such that the multilayer pad has a layout in which all the regions are covered with the copper wiring when the multilayer pad is perspectively viewed from a perpendicularly upper direction for the semiconductor substrate.
US07800218B2
This invention relates to a package unit including a semiconductor package that houses a semiconductor chip, and a heat sink attached thereto. A peripheral wall section that surrounds a thermal junction member is provided on a stiffener. More preferably, a tip end section of the peripheral wall section is allowed to fit into a slit provided on the heat sink. The peripheral wall section may be provided on a heat spreader instead. It is possible to prevent the thermal junction member from falling outside without incurring addition of new components or new occupancy of the area on a system substrate.
US07800213B2
A power semiconductor circuit has a power semiconductor module (2) embodied as a flat assembly. A particularly compact and space-saving production of a power semiconductor circuit may be achieved with the possibilities provided by an embodiment of the power semiconductor module, whereby the power semiconductor module (2) is arranged directly on a top track (3) of a power supply and/or output tracking (11) and a cooling device (5) is integrated in the tracking (11).
US07800209B2
A wiring board includes a film base, a plurality of conductive wirings aligned on the film base, and protrusion electrodes formed of a plated metal in the vicinity of end portions of the conductive wirings, respectively. An outer surface at both side portions of the protrusion electrodes in cross section in a width direction of the conductive wirings defines a curve, and the protrusion electrodes in cross section in a longitudinal direction of the conductive wirings define a rectangular shape. The conductive wirings include a first conductive wiring having a wiring width of W1 and a second conductive wiring having a wiring width of W2 larger than W1, and the protrusion electrode on the first conductive wiring and the protrusion electrode on the second conductive wiring have a substantially same height. The wiring board is capable of supporting conductive wirings with a practically enough strength to withstand a stress applied during the connection between the protrusion electrodes of the film base and electrode pads of a semiconductor element, providing sufficient connection stability and coping with a narrow pitch of the semiconductor element.
US07800207B2
Disclosed in this specification is a semiconductor package with a die attach pad and a lead frame which are electrically and mechanically connected to one another through a conductive wire ribbon. Such a configuration reduces the package footprint and also permits different styles of die attach pads and lead frames to be interchanged, thus reducing production costs.
US07800206B2
Provided is a semiconductor device which is small in size and in which the deformation of leads is prevented at the time of wire-bonding. The semiconductor device includes: an island; a semiconductor element mounted on the bottom surface of the island; leads provided close to the island; and a sealing resin for integrally sealing these constituents. Moreover, in the semiconductor device according to the present invention, electrodes on the semiconductor element are bonded to the leads provided adjacent to a side of the island, the side not provided with leads which extends continuously from the island.
US07800203B2
According to one aspect of the invention, a method of constructing a memory array is provided. An insulating layer is formed on a semiconductor wafer. A first metal stack is then formed on the insulating layer and etched to form first metal lines. A polymeric layer is formed over the first metal lines and the insulating layer. A puddle of smoothing solvent is then allowed to stand on the wafer. The smoothing solvent is then removed. After the smoothing solvent is removed, the polymeric layer has a reduced surface roughness. A second metal stack is then formed on the polymeric layer and etched to form second metal lines.
US07800198B2
A variety of isolation structures for semiconductor substrates include a trench formed in the substrate that is filled with a dielectric material or filled with a conductive material and lined with a dielectric layer along the walls of the trench. The trench may be used in combination with doped sidewall isolation regions. Both the trench and the sidewall isolation regions may be annular and enclose an isolated pocket of the substrate. The isolation structures are formed by modular implant and etch processes that do not include significant thermal processing or diffusion of dopants so that the resulting structures are compact and may be tightly packed in the surface of the substrate.
US07800196B2
An exemplary edge termination structure maintains the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device after it has been sawed off the wafer and packaged by creating an electric field stop layer at a periphery of the semiconductor device. The electric field stop layer has a dopant concentration higher than that of the layer in which an edge termination is implemented, such as a drift layer or a channel layer. The electric field stop layer may be created by selectively masking the peripheries of the device during the device processing, i.e., mesa etch, to protect and preserve the highly doped material at the peripheries of the device.
US07800195B2
A semiconductor apparatus is provided. The semiconductor apparatus includes a semiconductor substrate and a temperature sensing diode that is disposed on a surface part of the semiconductor substrate. A relation between a forward current flowing through the temperature sensing diode and a corresponding voltage drop across the temperature sensing diode varies with temperature. The semiconductor apparatus further includes a capacitor that is coupled with the temperature sensing diode, configured to reduce noise to act on the temperature sensing diode, and disposed such that the capacitor and the temperature sensing diode have a layered structure in a thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate.
US07800194B2
A photodetector, comprises a first section comprising at least one p-n junction that converts photon energy into a separate charge carrier and hole carrier; and another section of semiconductors of opposing conductivity type connected electrically in series and thermally in parallel in a heat dissipating and electric generating relationship to the cell to augment generation of electric energy of the first section.
US07800176B2
An electronic circuit and a method for controlling a power field effect transistor. The electronic circuit includes a power field effect transistor having a semiconductor body, which has a drain zone, a drift zone, a source zone and a bulk zone. The power field effect transistor further includes a gate and a field plate. The field plate is placed adjacent to the drift zone and is isolated from the drift zone. A switch circuitry is provided for electrically connecting the field plate depending on the drain-source voltage such that the field plate is electrically connected to the drain zone, if |UDS|>UT, where UT is a predetermined voltage, and if |UDS|>UT, the field plate is connected to an electrode having an electrode-source voltage UES.
US07800173B2
According to an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a MISFET device, in a semiconductor wafer, a semiconductor layer is formed, having a first type of conductivity and a first level of doping. A first body region and a second body region, having a second type of conductivity, opposite to the first type of conductivity, and an enriched region, extending between the first and second body regions are formed in the semiconductor layer. The enriched region has the first type of conductivity and a second level of doping, higher than the first level of doping. Moreover, a gate electrode is formed over the enriched region and over part of the first and second body regions, and a dielectric gate structure is formed between the gate electrode and the semiconductor layer, the dielectric gate structure having a larger thickness on the enriched region and a smaller thickness on the first and second body regions. To form the enriched region, a first conductive layer is made on the semiconductor layer, an enrichment opening is formed in the first conductive layer, and a dopant species is introduced into the semiconductor layer through the enrichment opening. Furthermore, the formation of the dielectric gate structure envisages filling the enrichment opening with dielectric material, prior to forming the first body region and the second body region.
US07800172B2
In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, a preliminary active pattern including gate layers and channel layers is formed on a substrate. The gate layers and the channel layers are alternatively stacked. A hard mask is formed on the preliminary active pattern. The preliminary active pattern is partially etched using the hard mask as an etching mask to expose a surface of the substrate. The etched preliminary active pattern is trimmed to form an active channel pattern having a width less than a lower width of the hard mask. Source/drain layers are formed on exposed side faces of the active channel pattern and the surface. The gate layers are selectively etched to form tunnels. A gate encloses the active channel pattern and filling the tunnels. Related intermediate structures are also disclosed.
US07800171B2
An integrated circuit including a semiconductor device is disclosed. One embodiment provides a load current component, having a multiplicity of trenches in a cell array. A sensor component is integrated into the cell array of the load current component and has a sensor cell array, the area of which is smaller than the area of the cell array of the load current component by a specific factor. The trenches forming the cell array of the sensor component correspond to the trenches of the cell array of the load current component, configured such that the trenches of the sensor component at the at least one side merge uniformly into the trenches of the cell array of the load current component without interruptions or disturbances of the trench geometry.
US07800170B1
The present invention discloses a power MOSFET device with an added tungsten spacer in its contact hole, and manufacturing methods for the device. The features of the device are as follows: It includes trench gate isolated in trench and source/body contacts formed in the contact hole, and the tungsten spacer between Ti/TiN barrier layer and aluminum metal layer, the tungsten spacer is deposited on the bottom corners of the contact hole to cover its bottom corners. The addition of tungsten spacer to the bottom corners of the contact hole can effectively eliminate the presence of pits at the corners and junction spiking due to poor step-coverage of the Ti/TiN barrier layer otherwise leading to direct contact of silicon with aluminum. Thus, the present invention prevents a power MOSFET device from failures due to Idss leakage thus insuring high device quality and yield.
US07800161B2
NAND arrays of memory cells are described, as well as methods of forming and using them. Memory cell charge storage devices, such as conductive floating gates, are oriented vertically in trenches, with control gates positioned both in the trenches between charge storage elements and over a horizontal surface between the trenches. Individual charge storage devices are therefore field coupled with two control gates, one on either side.
US07800159B2
A plurality of non-volatile memory cell units are arranged in rows and columns in a single crystalline semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type. Each cell unit has a first region of a second conductivity type in the substrate along the planar surface, and a second region of the second conductivity, spaced apart from the first region, with a channel region therebetween. The channel region has a first portion adjacent to the first region, a third portion adjacent to the second region and a second portion therebetween. A first and second floating gates are over the first portion and third portion respectively and are insulated therefrom. A first and second control gates are over the first and second floating gates respectively and are capacitively coupled thereto. A first and second erase gates are over the first and second regions respectively and are insulated therefrom. A word line is over the second portion and is insulated therefrom. Electrical contacts to the array are made along the extremities of the array.
US07800157B2
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device including: sequentially forming a first insulating film, a first electrode film, a second insulating film, and a second electrode film on a substrate; forming a groove that separates the second electrode film, the second insulating film and the first electrode film; forming an insulating film inside the groove so that an upper surface thereof is positioned between upper surfaces of the second electrode film and the second insulating film; forming an overhung portion on the second electrode film so as to overhang on the insulating film by performing a selective growth process; and forming a low resistance layer at the overhung portion and the second electrode film by performing an alloying process.
US07800153B2
The present invention relates to a structure of a capacitor, in particular using niobium pentoxide, of a semiconductor capacitor memory device. Since niobium pentoxide has a low crystallization temperature of 600° C. or less, niobium pentoxide can suppress the oxidation of a bottom electrode and a barrier metal by heat treatment. However, according to heat treatment at low temperature, carbon incorporated from CVD sources into the film is not easily oxidized or removed. Therefore, a problem that leakage current increases arises. As an insulator film of a capacitor, a layered film composed of niobium pentoxide film and a tantalum pentoxide film, or a layered film composed of niobium pentoxide films is used. By the use of the niobium pentoxide film, the dielectric constant of the capacitor can be made high and the crystallization temperature can be made low. By multiple-stage formation of the dielectric film, leakage current can be decreased.
US07800145B2
An improved CMOS sensor integrated circuit is disclosed, along with methods of making the circuit and computer readable descriptions of the circuit.
US07800139B2
A thin film transistor (TFT) including a nanowire semiconductor layer having nanowires aligned in one direction in a channel region is disclosed. The nanowire semiconductor layer is selectively formed in the channel region. A method for fabricating the TFT, a liquid crystal display (LCD) device using the TFT, and a method for manufacturing the LCD device are also disclosed. The TFT fabricating method includes forming alignment electrodes on the insulating film such that the alignment electrodes face each other, to define a channel region, forming an organic film, to expose the channel region, coating a nanowire-dispersed solution on an entire surface of a substrate including the organic film, forming a nanowire semiconductor layer in the channel region by generating an electric field between the alignment electrodes such that nanowires of the nanowire semiconductor layer are aligned in a direction, and removing the organic film.
US07800138B2
A semiconductor device capable of improving the efficiency of dispersing heat via a dummy pad. The semiconductor device may be included in a semiconductor package, stack module, card, or system. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device. In the semiconductor device, a semiconductor substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and at least one conductive pad is arranged on a predetermined region of the first surface. At least one dummy pad is arranged on the first or second surface, and is not electrically coupled to the at least one conductive pad. The dummy pad or pads may be used to disperse heat. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the efficiency of dispersing heat of a semiconductor device, thereby improving the yield of semiconductor devices.
US07800137B2
The invention includes methods of forming electrically conductive material between line constructions associated with a peripheral region or a pitch region of a semiconductor substrate. The electrically conductive material can be incorporated into an electrically-grounded shield, and/or can be configured to create a magnetic field bias. Also, the conductive material can have electrically isolated segments that are utilized as electrical jumpers for connecting circuit elements. The invention also includes semiconductor constructions comprising the electrically conductive material between line constructions associated with one or both of the pitch region and the peripheral region.
US07800129B2
An optical device with a quantum well is provided. The optical device includes an active layer made of a Group III-V semiconductor compound and having a quantum well of a bandgap grading structure in which conduction band energy and valence band energy change linearly with a slope with the content change of predetermined components while an energy bandgap between the conduction band energy and the valence band energy is maintained at a predetermined value; and two barrier layers, one of which is positioned on an upper surface of the active layer and the other is positioned on a lower surface of the active layer, and which are made of a Group III-V semiconductor compound and have higher conduction band energy and lower valence band energy than the active layer. A driving voltage is decreased and luminous efficiency and reliability are enhanced.
US07800128B2
A semiconductor device includes an SCR ESD device region disposed within a semiconductor body, and a plurality of first device regions of the first conductivity type disposed on a second device region of the second conductivity type, where the second conductivity type is opposite the first conductivity type. Also included is a plurality of third device regions having a sub-region of the first conductivity type and a sub-region of the second conductivity type disposed on the second device region. The first regions and second regions are distributed such that the third regions are not directly adjacent to each other. A fourth device region of the first conductivity type adjacent to the second device region and a fifth device region of the second conductivity type disposed within the fourth device region are also included.
US07800127B1
In an ESD device for fast switching applications based on a BSCR or NLDMOS-SCR, an anode junction control electrode is provided by not connecting the anode electrode to the collector of the BSCR or to the drain of the NLDMOS-SCR, and a cathode junction control electrode is provided by forming an additional n+ region in the BSCR or an additional p+ region in the p-well of the NLDMOS-SCR. The triggering voltage of the ESD device is adjusted after a time delay by controlling one or both of the control electrodes using an RC-timer-driver circuit.
US07800124B2
A light-emitting device of the present invention includes: a LED chip 10; a chip mounting member 70 having a conductive plate (heat transfer plate) 71 one surface side of which the LED chip 10 is mounted on and a conductor patterns 73, 73 which is formed on the one surface side of the conductive plate 71 through an insulating part 72 and electrically connected to the LED chip 10; and a sheet-shaped connecting member 80 disposed on the other surface side of the conductive plate 71 to connect the conductive plate 71 to a body of the luminaire 90 which is a metal member for holding the chip mounting member 70. The connecting member 80 is made of a resin sheet which includes a filler and whose viscosity is reduced by heating, and the connecting member 80 has an electrical insulating property and thermally connects the conductive plate 71 and the body 90 of the luminaire to each other.
US07800113B2
The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a display device having a TFT that can be operated at high speed while using a small number of photomasks and improving the utilization efficiency of materials, where the threshold value is difficult to be varied. In the invention, a catalytic element is applied to an amorphous semiconductor film and the amorphous semiconductor film is heated to form a crystalline semiconductor film. After removing the catalytic element from the crystalline semiconductor film, a top-gate type thin film transistor with a planar structure is manufactured. Moreover, by using the droplet discharging method where an element of a display device is formed selectively, the process can be simplified, and loss of materials can be reduced.
US07800111B2
The present invention relates to a trench silicon-on-insulator (SOI) dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell and a method for making the same. A source and a drain are utilized to each connect to one of two semiconductor conductive units on an external side of a main body having a plurality of semiconductor conductive units, and the semiconductor conductive units are utilized to accumulate electric charges generated from the drain so as to decrease a threshold voltage. In addition, the DRAM cell only uses one field effect transistor (FET) device (1T), has characteristics of the conventional 1T-DRAM, and has higher integration density. Moreover, the process of the invention is simple, so the production cost can be reduced.
US07800103B2
An objective is to provide an organic thin film transistor material exhibiting an excellent property as a transistor together with reduced aging degradation, and also to provide an organic thin film transistor, a field-effect transistor, a switching element, an organic semiconductor material and an organic semiconductor film employing the organic thin film transistor material. Disclosed is an organic thin film transistor material possessing a compound represented by the following Formula (1). where A composed of a condensed ring formed with a 6 membered aromatic cycle or a 6 membered aromatic heterocycle represents C—R, N or P; at least one of As is N or P; R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a substituent; and R may be bonded with other Rs with each other to form a ring.
US07800101B2
A thin film transistor array panel includes a substrate, a plurality of first and second signal lines crossing each other on the substrate, source electrodes connected to the first signal lines, drain electrodes connected to the second signal lines, pixel electrodes connected to the drain electrodes, a first partition formed on the source and drain electrodes and having a first opening, wherein a lower width of the first opening is wider than an upper width of the first opening, an organic semiconductor formed in the first opening and at least overlapping the portions of the source electrode and the drain electrode, and a gate electrode connected to the second signal line and at least overlapping the portion of the organic semiconductor.
US07800097B2
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate of n-type silicon including, in an upper portion thereof, a first polarity inversion region and a second polarity inversion regions spaced from each other and doped with a p-type impurity. A first HFET including a first active layer and a second HFET including a second active layer both made of a group III-V nitride semiconductor are independently formed on the respective polarity inversion regions in the semiconductor substrate, and the HFETs are electrically connected to each other through interconnects.
US07800094B2
Memory devices based on tungsten-oxide memory regions are described, along with methods for manufacturing and methods for programming such devices. The tungsten-oxide memory region can be formed by oxidation of tungsten material using a non-critical mask, or even no mask at all in some embodiments. A memory device described herein includes a bottom electrode and a memory element on the bottom electrode. The memory element comprises at least one tungsten-oxygen compound and is programmable to at least two resistance states. A top electrode comprising a barrier material is on the memory element, the barrier material preventing movement of metal-ions from the top electrode into the memory element.
US07800090B2
An optical position tracking device and a method of testing the same are provided. The device includes: a controller for generating at least one test operation signal in response to a command signal; a test signal generator for generating a test signal during a test operation in response to the test operation signal; a motion calculator for receiving the test signal during the test operation and performing operations in response to the test operation signal to output an output signal; and an output signal analyzer for determining whether the output signal is correct during the test operation in response to the test operation signal to output a result signal. Thus, the complexity of the method of testing the optical position tracking device can be markedly reduced and it is unnecessary to employ a high-performance test apparatus. Further, the time taken to test the optical position tracking device can be shortened by simplifying and optimizing test circumstances, and a test can be performed by connecting the optical position tracking device with a typical system, such as a personal computer (PC), instead of exclusively employing a test apparatus.
US07800078B2
A printed circuit device used in conjunction with inductive power and data transmission applications is formed substantially of ferrite material, with an inductive coil conductor formed around the substrate to increase the electromagnetic properties of the coil for both power and data transmission functions, thereby eliminating the need for a discrete ferrite core wire-wound coil to be connected to the circuit device.
US07800076B2
A particle-optical corrector for eliminating both the third-order aperture aberration and the third-order extra-axial coma, using circular lenses and hexapole fields, includes three coaxially arranged hexapole fields, at least one circular lens doublet being arranged between adjacent hexapole fields and adjusted so that the center hexapole field is imaged on the hexapole fields. Between the hexapole fields, an intermediate plane prevails and the intermediate planes are conjugated with one another. The three hexapole fields are identically oriented in the Larmor reference system with the intensities of the three fields being chosen so that the image aberration coefficient of the astigmatism with three-fold symmetry becomes 0. The corrective contains two hexapole fields, in which the fields of the hexapole field pair are excited anti-symmetrically to one another, and the pairs are in each case arranged around the two intermediate planes. The orientation of the hexapole field pairs is rotated with respect to the orientation defined by the hexapole fields by a sufficient angle so that the extra-axial third order coma is corrected.
US07800074B2
An electron-optical corrector for rendering superfluous both the third-order opening error and the anisotropic part of the extra-axial third-order coma, using round lenses and hexapole fields, the corrector includes at least three coaxially arranged hexapole fields with at least one round lens field is arranged between adjacent hexapole fields, so that the hexapole fields are imaged onto each other in pairs. The intensities of the hexapole fields are selected so that the image error coefficient of the three-fold astigmatism is equal to 0, and at least three hexapole fields in the Larmor reference system are rotated in relation to each other at an angle about the optical axis.
US07800056B2
A document sampler can be arranged to receive a document in an insertion area of the document sampler. With such arrangements, a document can be directly inserted into a document sampler without an extra step of swabbing a document with a sample collection device. By eliminating the extra step of swabbing a document, the efficiency of sample detection is improved, sample detection is performed more rapidly, and operating costs of sample detection are decreased.
US07800055B2
LC/MS data generated by an LC/MS system is analyzed to determine groupings of ions associated with originating molecules. Ions are grouped initially according to retention time, for example, using retention time or chromatographic peaks in mass chromatograms. After initial groupings are determined based on retention time, ion peak shapes are compared to determine whether ions should be excluded. Ions having peak shapes not matching other ions, or alternatively a reference peak shape, are excluded from the group.
US07800051B2
A gamma monitoring apparatus and method for measuring water equivalent of snowpack over a selected ground area. A detector unit is installed at a given height above the area. The detector unit has a collimator and a scintillator coupled to a photomultiplier tube for detecting gamma rays emitted by naturally radioactive elements present in soil under the snowpack and absorbed by the snowpack in a field of view defined by the collimator. Pulses in a signal produced by the photomultiplier tube are measured and those exceeding threshold energy levels in a number of energy windows are registered as gamma counts. The water equivalent of the snowpack is periodically computed as functions of the gamma counts in the energy windows and the height of the detector unit with respect to ground level. The data representing the computed water equivalent are stored and controllably transmitted for reporting. Soil moisture content is also determinable.
US07800045B2
An optical module of an optical mouse includes a light source, a light-guiding unit having a fixing portion, a first lens and a second lens. A housing of the light source includes a substantially plane light-emitting surface, and the light-guiding unit guides light emitted by the light source. The fixing portion is disposed on one side of the light-guiding unit for fastening the light source. The first lens is disposed on one side of the fixing portion close to the light-guiding unit for focusing the light emitted by the light source onto a working surface. The second lens is disposed on an optical path between the light source and the first lens using injection molding for focusing the light provided by the light source onto a focal point of the first lens.
US07800028B2
The invention provides a controllable electrothermal element of a PTC thick film circuit which includes a substrate and a serial electronic paste. The serial paste includes a medium and electrode paste. The serial paste consists of a functional phase, an inorganic adhesive phase and an organic carrier. The serial paste further includes PTC paste. The substrate is 1Cr18Ni9 series stainless steel. The serial paste in the form of a thick film prepared on the substrate.
US07800015B2
A laser inscribing station controls the inscribing position (BP) of a laser beam in terms of two coordinates, one pair of feed and pressure rollers is disposed on both the infeed side and the outfeed side of the station. The credit card is positioned aligned in parallel lateral guide tracks, which are disposed in a turning mechanism together with a transfer conveyor, which displaces the credit card to such an extent that it is inserted in a first transfer position from the pair of infeed rollers into the guide tracks. In a second transfer position, the credit card is is held between the rollers pairs in such a manner that its entire surface is freely accessible for laser inscription. In a third transfer position, the card can be seized by the pair of outfeed rollers.
US07800012B2
An electron gun includes a sealed chamber under vacuum. A cathode having an emitting face is placed inside the chamber. An anode forms a sealed window, formed facing the emitting face in one of the walls of the chamber. The anode is capable of allowing electrons emitted by the emitting face to pass through. A biasing apparatus sets up a voltage between the anode and the cathode, capable of accelerating these electrons towards the anode, the electrons thus accelerated forming a beam that passes through the anode. The anode and the emitting face each have a curvature, the curvature of the anode making it capable of resisting a pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the chamber and being designed to cooperate with the curvature of the emitting face to focus the electron beam outside the chamber.
US07800003B2
When an insulator is used in a humid atmosphere, the cooling thereof causes a humidity condensation, which is deposited on the insulator surface. Drops of water formed by the humidity condensation are connected to each other that a water film substantially reducing the insulation resistance of the insulator is formed. In order to solve said problem, the inventive insulator is provided, at least partially, with a hydrophobe surface. In such a way, the water layers formed by condensation are drained off the surface or detached there from without connection and the drops of water produced by condensation are unable to be bound to each other, thereby making it possible to maintain a desired high insulation resistance.
US07800002B2
Disclosed are a multilayer wiring board, which has a high degree of freedom of wiring design and can realize high-density wiring, and a method which can simply manufacture the multilayer wiring board. The multilayer wiring board comprises a core substrate and two or more wiring layers provided on the core substrate through an electrical insulating layer. The core substrate has a plurality of throughholes filled with an electroconductive material, and the front side and back side of the core substrate have been electrically conducted to each other by the electroconductive material. The throughholes have an opening diameter in the range of 10 to 100 μm. An insulation layer and an electroconductive material diffusion barrier layer are also provided, and the electroconductive material is filled into the throughholes through the insulation layer. A first wiring layer provided through an electrical insulating layer on the core substrate is connected to the electroconductive material filled into the throughhole through via.
US07800001B2
An embodiment of a probe sheet enabling to restrict misalignment of the posture of each contactor accurately positioned on a probe sheet main body caused by deformation of the probe sheet main body is provided. The probe sheet comprises a probe sheet main body having a flexible insulating synthetic resin film and conductive paths buried in the synthetic resin film and a plurality of contactors formed to be protruded from a contactor area on one surface of the probe sheet main body and connected to the conductive paths. In the probe sheet main body is buried a plate-shaped member having higher rigidity than that of the synthetic resin film and restricting deformation of the contactor area.
US07799991B1
A power distribution box has a holder with inner, deflectable lock arms for securing bus bars within the holder. When the bus bars are correctly and completely installed within the holder, engaging portions of the lock arms are received in apertures of the bus bars and the lock arms are in a locked position. A cover can fit over and properly seat on the holder. The cover has projections that slide behind the lock arms and retain the lock arms in the locked position, preventing further movement. The projections each include a blocking surface. If one or more of the bus bars are not correctly and completely installed in the holder, the related latch arms are in a deflected, unlocked position. The blocking surface of a corresponding projection abuts against the deflected lock arm and prevents proper and complete assembly of the cover onto the holder.
US07799988B2
A device for receiving and converting incident radiation into DC current, the device including a transparent conductor, at least one point-contact diode, the at least one point-contact diode having a nanowire/mCNT providing a receiving antenna function and a rectification function, a thin insulating layer situated between the transparent conductor and the nanowire/mCNT, and a point contact junction at which the nanowire/mCNT contacts the thin insulating layer.
US07799981B1
An elongate drum augments sound through the use of varying cross-sectional shapes and dimensions, sound boards, and a cochlear-shaped horn.
US07799976B2
The present invention relates to tomato plants that exhibit resistance to Botrytis cinerea and methods for developing new inbreds, hybrid, apomictic and genetically engineered tomato plants that possess resistance to Botrytis cinerea and having commercially desirable characteristics.
US07799975B1
According to the invention, there is provided a novel soybean variety designated XB03T09. This invention thus relates to the seeds of soybean variety XB03T09, to the plants of soybean XB03T09 to plant parts of soybean variety XB03T09 and to methods for producing a soybean plant produced by crossing plants of the soybean variety XB03T09 with another soybean plant, using XB03T09 as either the male or the female parent.
US07799971B2
The present invention relates to a method for the production of transgenic plants and/or plant cells, respectively, with increased pathogen resistance, characterized in that a DNA sequence, which encodes a protein with the activity of a peroxidase, is inserted into the plant and expressed therein. The invention at hand also relates to the use of nucleic acids encoding a peroxidase for the production of transgenic plants, or plant cells, respectively, with increased pathogen resistance. Further, the invention at hand relates to nucleic acid sequences encoding a peroxidase of barley.
US07799965B2
A wound dressing includes one or more layers containing a first anti-microbial agent and/or at least one zinc-containing agent.
US07799963B2
A cracking tube (50) for use in thermal cracking furnaces for producing ethylene or the like has fins (1) formed on an inner surface thereof and inclined with respect to an axis of the tube for stirring a fluid inside the tube. The fins are arranged discretely on one or a plurality of helical loci, and the tube inner surface has regions (ZB) wherein no fins are present over the entire axial length of the tube from one axial end of the tube to the other axial end thereof.
US07799959B2
Disclosed is a process for producing 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorohexafluorobutane safely in a high yield in the industrial viewpoint and at low cost in the economical viewpoint. Specifically disclosed is a process for producing 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorohexafluorobutane which process comprises: (1) a step of chlorinating 1,3-butadiene, thereby preparing a mixture containing 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane, and (2) a step of allowing the 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobutane prepared in the step (1) to react with a fluorine gas in the presence of a diluting gas in a gas phase, thereby preparing a mixture containing 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorohexafluorobutane.
US07799953B2
A 3-methylthiopropanal is produced by a method comprising the step of supplying an acrolein and a methyl mercaptan together or sequentially with an acidic compound and a basic compound into a reaction system to react the acrolein with the methyl mercaptan, wherein the basic compound is used in an amount of about 0.3 mol or less per mol of the acidic compound. In accordance with the present invention, a 3-methylthiopropanal with high quality is produced while suppressing the production of by-products having high boiling points.
US07799952B2
The present invention relates to processes for preparing a compound of the general formula (Ia) wherein X is a halogen atom, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein a compound of the formula (II) wherein X is as defined above and Y and Z independently represent a leaving group each, is reacted with an optically active amino alcohol to form a first mixture of diastereomers.
US07799944B2
The invention relates to the preparation of (meth)acrylate di-ammonium salts responding to formula (I) wherein R1 represents hydrogen or methyl, each R2, independently, represents an alkyl comprising from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, each R3, independently, represents an alkyl or an aralkyl and each X−, independently, represents an anion; having a high purity and their use as monomers for the synthesis of polymers useful as cationic flocculants.
US07799940B2
The present invention provides methods of forming dialkyl carbonate wherein catalyst buildup in the reaction equipment, the separation equipment, and transfer lines there between is reduced and even eliminated. In one embodiment, the method includes introducing alkanol, carbon monoxide, oxygen, and a catalyst to a reactor having a gaseous head space and a liquid body space. The reactor is operated under conditions to form dialkyl carbonate and water. A product stream containing dialkyl carbonate, water, and residual reactants is removed from the head space of the reactor and introduced to a cyclone with a flushing stream. A liquid bottom stream is captured from the cyclone and introduced to the reactor. The gaseous top stream contains product dialkyl carbonate.
US07799938B2
The invention relates to a method for producing (mercaptoorganyl)alkyl polyether silanes by reacting dry mercaptization reagents with a (haloorganyl)alkyl polyether silane.
US07799937B2
A metal coordination complex of a biologically active moiety and a metal is disclosed. The complex confers to the biologically active moiety an improved performance which can include potency, stability, absorbability, targeted delivery, and combinations thereof.
US07799927B2
An indolestyryl compound. The indolestyryl compound has formula (I): wherein Z1 comprises benzene, naphthalene, or heterocyclic ring containing O, S, or N, R2 comprises H, halogen atoms, C1-5 alkyl, nitro, ester, carboxyl, sulfo, sulfonamide, sulfuric ester, amide, C1-3 alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, cyano, C1-6 alkylsulfonyl, or C2-7 alkoxy carbonyl, R3, R4, R5, and R6 comprise H, alkyl, aralkyl, or heterocyclic ring containing O, S, or N, R7 and R8 comprise H or alkyl, R10 comprises H, alkyl, halogen atoms, nitro, hydroxyl, amino, ester, or substituted or non-substituted sulfonyl, W comprises carbon or nitrogen, Y comprises carbon, oxygen, sulfur, selenium, —NR, or —C(CH3)2, m is 1˜3, and X1 comprises an anionic group or an anionic organometallic complex, wherein R3 and R4 are joined to a nitrogen atom or R5 and R6 are joined together to form a ring, and R bonded to nitrogen is C1-5 alkyl.
US07799919B2
The invention relates to novel perylenetetracarboxdiimide derivatives with improved performance properties.
US07799916B2
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of 5-(4-[4-(5-cyano-3-indolyl)butyl]-1-piperazinyl)benzofuran-2-carboxamide and/or one of its physiologically acceptable salts, characterized in that a compound of the formula (I), in which L denotes Cl, Br, I, SO2F, SO2CF3, SO2C2F5, is reacted with 3-(4-piperazin-1-ylbuyl)indole-5-carbonitrile by transition-metal-catalyzed coupling by means of Pd complexes, and/or in that the 5-(4[4-(5-cyano-3-indolyl)butyl]-1-piperazinyl)benzofuran-2-carboxamide formed is converted into one of its acid-addition salts by treatment with an acid, and to a second process, characterized in that a compound of the formula (II), as the base or HX salt (where X=Cl, BR), is reacted with 3-(4-oxobutyl)-1H-indole-5-carbonitrile by reductive amination, and/or in that 5-(4-[4-(5-cyano-3-indolyl)butyl]-1-piperazinyl)benzofuran-2-carboxamide is converted into one of its acid-addition salts by treatment with an acid.
US07799913B2
This invention related to the prevention and treatment of cerebral insufficiency, including enhancement of receptor functioning in synapses in brain networks responsible for higher order behaviors. These brain networks are involved in cognitive abilities related to memory impairment, such as is observed In a variety of dementias, and in imbalances in neuronal activity between different brain regions, as is suggested in disorders such as Parkinson′s disease, schizophrenia and affective disorders. In a particular aspect, the present invention relates to compounds useful for treatment of such conditions and methods of using these compounds for such treatment.
US07799911B2
To provide a phthalocyanine compound represented by the following general formula (1), which is halogen-free and has green hue, and also has resistance to an organic solvent and an acid: in the above general formula (1), M represents a divalent to tetravalent metal atom or two hydrogen atoms, and rings A1, A2, A3 and A4 each independently represents a benzene ring or a structure represented by the above general formula (2), provided that at least one of rings A1, A2, A3 and A4 is a structure represented by the general formula (2) and, in the above general formula (2), R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a tolyl group, or a xylyl group.
US07799907B2
Provided is an improved method for stereoselectively preparing 2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluorocytidine of formula (I), which includes reacting a 1-halo ribofuranose compound with a nucleobase of formula (IV) in a solvent to obtain a nucleo side of formula (II) with removal of a silyl halide ((alkyl)3SiX (X=halide)); and deprotecting the nucleoside of formula (II) to obtain 2′-deoxy-2′,2′-difluorocytidine of formula (I). 2′-Deoxy-2′,2′-difluorocytidine of formula (I) is effective for treating various cancers such as non-small cell lung (NSCLC), pancreatic, bladder, breast or ovarian cancers.
US07799905B2
Isolated or recombinant nucleic acids encoding for a taste receptor polypeptide that is involved in human taste are provide as well as vectors and host cells containing same. This taste receptor is a GPCR polypeptide which is commonly known in the art as T1R1 and is a member of the T1R taste receptor family.
US07799904B2
A nucleic acid molecule encoding the gilvocarcin V gene cluster and subunits thereof. Recombinant vectors and host cells comprising a nucleic acid compound encoding the gilvocarcin V gene cluster or subunits thereof. Host cells comprising recombinant vectors encoding the gilvocarcin polyketide synthase and gilvocarcin post-PKS modifying enzymes from Streptomyces griseoflavus can be used to produce gilvocarcin and functional gilvocarcin mutants, analogs and derivatives thereof with application as antibiotics, anticancer agents, immunosuppressants, antivirals, and neuroprotective agents.
US07799903B2
The present invention relates to the design and use of nucleic acid molecules to create novel materials. The present invention further related to the use of DNA as building block for DNA-materials that are of high yield and purity and that can be incorporated into larger structures.
US07799898B2
The invention provides isolated nucleic acids molecules, designated 33877, 47179, 26886, 46743, 27417, 32252, and 53320 nucleic acid molecules, which encode novel human transferase family members. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing 33877, 47179, 26886, 46743, 27417, 32252, or 53320 nucleic acid molecules, host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced, and nonhuman transgenic animals in which a 33877, 47179, 26886, 46743, 27417, 32252, or 53320 gene has been introduced or disrupted. The invention still further provides isolated 33877, 47179, 26886, 46743, 27417, 32252, or 53320 proteins, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and anti-33877, 47179, 26886, 46743, 27417, 32252, or 53320 antibodies. Diagnostic methods utilizing compositions of the invention are also provided.
US07799896B2
The invention provides methods for inhibiting tumor cell proliferation by inhibiting FoxM1B activity, expression, or nuclear localization in a tumor cell. The invention also provides methods for preventing tumor progression in an animal comprising inhibiting FoxM1B activity, expression, or nuclear localization. Furthermore, the invention provides methods for inhibiting tumor cell growth in an animal comprising inhibiting FoxM1B activity, expression, or nuclear localization in tumor cells in the animal.
US07799894B2
An electrode for an energy storage device containing a polyaminoquinoxaline compound of the following formula (1a) is provided as having a highly densified energy level and being small in size and light in weight. R1 and R2 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a C1-C10 alkyl group, a C1-C10 alkoxy group or the like, R3 and R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amino group, a C1-C10 alkyl group, a C1-C10 alkoxy group or the like, X1 represents —NH—R5—NH— or —NH—R6— wherein R5 and R6 independently represent a C1-C10 alkylene group, —C(O)CH2—, —CH2C(O)— or the like, and n is an integer of 2 or over.
US07799890B2
The invention relates to amide-containing polymers of the general formula (I) A-X—CO—(CH2)2—NR1—R2—[Y—R3—Y—R4)a—B (I) and also their salts with carboxylic acids, phosphoric esters and sulphonic acids. The invention further relates to processes for preparing the amide-containing polymers and to their use as rheology control agents.
US07799887B2
A silicon-containing curable composition, comprising: a prepolymer (A) containing two or more Si—H groups per molecule obtained by hydrosilylation reaction of one kind or more selected from each of components (α) and components (β) described below; a cyclic siloxane compound (B) containing per molecule two or more carbon-carbon double bonds that have reactivity to the Si—H groups; and a hydrosilylation catalyst (C); wherein the component (α) is a cyclic siloxane compound represented by formula (1) and contains two or more Si—H groups per molecule, wherein R1, R2 and R3 each are an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, may be the same or different, a is any number of 2 to 10, b is any number of 0 to 8, and a+b≧2, and wherein the component (β) is a compound containing per molecule two or more carbon-carbon double bonds that have reactivity to the Si—H groups.
US07799882B2
This invention relates to a multiple phase polymerization process to produce polyolefins comprising contacting olefins and a homogeneous catalyst or catalyst system at a temperature between the melting point of the dry polymer and 80° C. below the melting point of the dry polymer in the presence of a fluorinated hydrocarbon. This invention also relates to a process to produce polyethylene comprising contacting a homogeneous catalyst or catalyst system with ethylene and from 0 to 40 weight % of one or more C3 to C40 olefin comonomer(s) in the presence of a fluorinated hydrocarbon and optionally a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature below the reaction medium melting point. This invention also relates to a process to produce polypropylene comprising contacting a homogeneous catalyst or catalyst system with propylene and from 0 to 50 weight % of one or more of ethylene and C4 to C40 olefin comonomer(s) in the presence of a fluorinated hydrocarbon and optionally a hydrocarbon solvent at a temperature below the reaction medium melting point.
US07799877B2
Methods of monitoring and controlling polymerization reactions are disclosed. The ratio of concentrations of two reactor components are determined in a gas stream of a reactor to obtain a leading indicator function L. The value of L or a function of L, such as a rescaled value or a reciprocal, is compared to a target value, and at least one reactor parameter is adjusted in response to a deviation between L or the function of L and the target value. Monitoring of the leading indicator permits rapid diagnosis of reactor problems, and rapid adjustments of reactor parameters, compared to laboratory analysis of samples of polymer properties.
US07799873B2
A thermoplastic elastomer composition containing (i) a thermoplastic resin, (ii) an elastomer component discontinuously dispersed in the thermoplastic resin and (iii) a molecular chain extender, wherein the dispersed state of the particles of the elastomer component dispersed in the matrix of the thermoplastic elastomer composition is stabilized.
US07799860B2
An object of the present invention is to provide a composition improved in the solubility or oral absorbability.The present invention provides a composition which comprises three components of a slightly water-soluble component, a surfactant and a hydrophilic polymer, and is obtainable by wet granulation in the presence of water.
US07799856B2
Provided is a rubber composition comprising an inorganic filler, a compound having at least one group A reacting with a rubber and two or more groups B adsorbing on the inorganic filler described above in the same molecule, a compound having the group A reacting with a rubber and an amino group in the same molecule or acrylate or methacrylate having a specific structure and further comprising, if necessary, a silane coupling agent. This makes it possible to provide a rubber composition which is excellent in the dispersibility of an inorganic filler, so that it does not elevate a viscosity of a non-vulcanized rubber and does not damage the processability and which does not bring about roughening on the surface of a rubber and is improved in a storage modulus.
US07799853B2
Disclosed is a pressure sensitive adhesive composition characterized by containing an ionic liquid and a polymer which contains, as a monomer unit, 0.1-10% by weight of a (meth)acrylate with a hydroxyalkyl group having 3-12 carbon atoms. The present invention provides a pressure sensitive adhesive composition which is excellent in antistatic property of a no-electrification-prevented adherend upon peeling, and has reduced staining of an adherend and is excellent in adhesion reliance. Also disclosed is an antistatic pressure sensitive adhesive sheet or surface-protecting film prepared using the composition. Also disclosed is an antistatic pressure sensitive adhesive sheet or surface-protecting film prepared using the composition.
US07799847B2
Provided is a water-based ink composition for a writing instrument comprising at least a colorant and water, characterized by comprising an alkylene oxide-added glycerin ester in which a principal skeleton is glycerin and 60 to 150 moles of alkylene oxide is added thereto and in which the glycerin is ester-bonded with a carboxylic acid-containing substance in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight based on the total amount of the ink composition.
US07799844B2
An active energy beam-curable composition for optical material is provided that comprises (A) a di(meth)acrylate represented by the following formula (1) and (B) a mono(meth)acrylate represented by the following formula (2) and/or a mono(meth)acrylate represented by the following formula (3), wherein the active energy beam-curable composition contains 10 to 90 wt % of the component (A) and 90 to 10 wt % the component (B) on the basis of the total weight of the components (A) and (B). In the formula, R1 and R3 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 and R4 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, R5 to R8 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a bromine atom, and l and m independently represents an integer of 1 to 6, R9 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R10 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
US07799840B2
A constrained layer damping structure is provided, including a panel to be damped, a constraining layer and a layer of foam vibration damping material sandwiched therebetween. In one embodiment, the foam vibration damping material is provided from a composition including 5-50 weight percent polyvinyl butyral, 2-20 weight percent plasticizer, 25-65 weight percent filler, 1-15 weight percent tackifier, and 0.1-8 weight percent blowing agent, wherein the composition includes 15-65 weight percent total thermoplastic inclusive of polyvinyl butyral. In a further embodiment, the polyvinyl butyral is provided as recycled material from recycled auto glass, and includes a small quantity of plasticizer, typically but not necessarily of the phthalate-type or hexanoate-type.
US07799836B2
The invention relates to a process for making modified polybutylene terephthalate random copolymers from a polyethylene terephthalate component. The invention relates to a three step process in which a diol component selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and combinations thereof reacts with a polyethylene terephthalate component under conditions sufficient to depolymerize the polyethylene terephthalate component into a first molten mixture; and where the first molten mixture is combined with 1,4-butanediol under conditions that create a second molten mixture that is subsequently placed under subatmospheric conditions that produce the modified polybutylene terephthalate random copolymers. The invention also relates to compositions made from the process.
US07799835B2
The present invention provides, e.g., methods to recycle and/or reduce plastic, non-plastic, or a combination thereof, from a waste stream. The methods of the present invention include contacting the plastic waste with infrared (IR) energy at one or more frequencies and at one or more intensities, over a period of time effective to heat plastic present in the plastic waste.
US07799832B2
The invention relates to pharmaceutical combinations of retigabine and sodium channel inhibitors for treating pains which are accompanied by an increase in muscle tone.
US07799829B2
Acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of α-amino acids, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, methods of making acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of α-amino acids and methods of using acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of α-amino acids, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof to treat a disease are disclosed. Acyloxyalkyl carbamate prodrugs of α-amino acids suitable for oral administration using sustained release dosage forms are also disclosed.
US07799827B2
The present invention provides compounds having formula (I): and additionally provides methods for the synthesis thereof and methods for the use thereof in the treatment of various disorders including inflammatory or autoimmune disorders, and disorders involving malignancy or increased angiogenesis, wherein R1-R11, X, Y, Z, and n are as defined herein.
US07799826B2
The present invention features methods of treating a cancer in a subject by administering an effective amount of a beta-lactone to the subject. The invention also features methods of inhibiting angiogenesis in a subject by administering an effective amount of an inhibitor of fatty acid synthase to the subject. These methods can be used to treat a variety of cancers and other diseases and conditions. The invention also features methods of identifying beta-lactones and other compounds that can be used in the methods of the invention for the treatment of tumors, inhibition of angiogenesis, and the treatment of diseases and conditions that involve pathological angiogenesis.
US07799819B2
The invention encompasses 7-amido-isoindolyl compounds and methods of using these compounds and compositions in mammals for treatment, prevention or management of various diseases and disorders. Examples include, but are not limited to, cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and myelodysplastic syndrome.
US07799814B2
The present invention is related to thiazole derivatives of Formula (I) in particular for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of autoimmune disorders and/or inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, bacterial or viral infections, kidney diseases, platelet aggregation, cancer, transplantation, graft rejection or lung injuries.
US07799803B2
The present invention relates to a novel class of hydroxamic acid derivatives having at least two aryl containing groups, at least one of which is a quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl or benzyl moiety, linked to the hydroxamic acid group through a methylene chain. The hydroxamic acid compounds can be used to treat cancer, for example, brain cancer. The hydroxamic acid compounds can also inhibit histone deacetylase and are suitable for use in selectively inducing terminal differentiation, and arresting cell growth and/or apoptosis of neoplastic cells, thereby inhibiting proliferation of such cells. Thus, the compounds of the present are useful in treating a patient having a tumor characterized by proliferation of neoplastic cells. The compounds of the invention are also useful in the prevention and treatment of TRX-mediated diseases, such as autoimmune, allergic and inflammatory diseases, and in the prevention and/or treatment of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), such as neurodegenerative diseases.
US07799793B2
Compounds of the formula: where X and Y are each independently H, halo, or C1-C6 straight or branched chain substituted or unsubstituted alkyl.
US07799790B2
Morphologically stabilized amorphous aripiprazole and process for preparing the same.
US07799788B2
Here, the inventors disclose the treatment of imatinib mesylate resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia cells with a cotreatment of vorinostat (SAHA, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid) and dasatinib, a dual Abl/Src kinase (TK) inhibitor. Combined treatment of cultured human CML and BaF3 cells with vorinostat and dasatinib induced more apoptosis than either agent alone, as well as synergistically induced loss of clonogenic survival, which was associated with greater depletion of Bcr-Abl, p-CrkL and p-STAT5 levels. Co-treatment with dasatinib and vorinostat also attenuated the levels of Bcr-AblE255K and Bcr-AblT315I and induced apoptosis of BaF3 cells with ectopic expression of the mutant forms of Bcr-Abl. Finally, co-treatment of the primary CML cells with vorinostat and dasatinib induced more loss of cell viability and depleted Bcr-Abl or Bcr-AblT315I, p-STAT5 and p-CrkL levels than either agent alone.
US07799784B2
The present invention relates to alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist nitrooxyderivatives, including the following structure, having improved pharmacological activity and enhanced tolerability. They can be employed for the treatment of ocular diseases, in particular high intraocular pressure and glaucoma.
US07799772B2
The present invention concerns the compounds of formula wherein a1-a2=a3-a4 represents a divalent radical selected from N—CH═CH—CH, N—CH═N—CH or CH—CH═N—CH; Z represents NH; Y represents —C3-9alkyl-, —C1-5alkyl-NR13—C1-5alkyl-, —C1-6alkyl-NH—CO— or —CO—NH—C1-6alkyl-; X1 represents —O— or —NR11—; X2 represents —C1-2alkyl-, —O—C1-2alkyl, —O— or —O—CH2—; R1 represents hydrogen or halo; R2 represents hydrogen, cyano, halo, hydroxycarbonyl-, C1-4alkyloxycarbonyl-, Het16-carbonyl- or Ar5; R3 represents hydrogen; R4 represents hydroxy, C1-4alkyloxy-, Ar4—C1-4alkyloxy or R4 represents C1-4alkyloxy substituted with one or where possible two or more substituents selected from C1-4alkyloxy- or Het2-; R11 represents hydrogen; R12 represents hydrogen, C1-4alkyl- or C1-4alkyl-oxy-carbonyl-; R13 represents Het14-C1-4alkyl, in particular morpholinyl-C1-4alkyl; Het2 represents a heterocycle selected from morpholinyl or piperidinyl optionally substituted with C1-4alkyl-, preferably methyl; Het14 represents morpholinyl; Het16 represents a heterocycle selected from morpholinyl or pyrrolidinyl; Ar4 represents phenyl; Ar5 represents phenyl optionally substituted with cyano.
US07799766B2
Compositions with synergistic anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory diseases resulting from activation and consequent degranulation of mast cells and followed by secretion of inflammatory biomolecules from the activated mast cells, composed of a heavily sulfated, non-bovine proteoglycan such as shark cartilage chondroitin sulfate C, an unrefined olive kernel oil/extract that increases absorption of these compositions in various routes of administration, and one or more of a hexosamine sulfate such as D-glucosamine sulfate, a flavone such as quercetin, S-adenosylmethionine, a histamine-1 receptor antagonist, a histamine-3 receptor agonist, an antagonist of the actions of CRH, caffeine, and a polyamine.
US07799764B2
Compounds, compositions and methods are provided for modulating the expression of HIF1-beta. The compositions comprise oligonucleotides, targeted to nucleic acid encoding HIF1-beta. Methods of using these compounds for modulation of HIF1-beta expression and for diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions associated with expression of HIF1-beta are provided.
US07799761B2
The present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 0.5 ng to 20 μg desmopressin and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. The present invention is also directed to a pharmaceutical composition comprising desmopressin and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is effective to establish a steady plasma/serum desmopressin concentration in the range of from about 0.1 picograms desmopressin per mL plasma/serum to about 10.0 picogram desmopressin per mL plasma/serum. Articles of manufacture and methods of using the above invention are also disclosed.
US07799754B2
The present invention relates to compositions, methods and kits for the treatment of bone particularly impaired or damaged bone.
US07799748B2
The invention provides a method selecting benefit agent(s) suitable for reducing surfactant damage in compositions comprising at least one surfactant and at least one benefit agent. The reduction in damage is measurable by decrease in number of protein binding sites in presence versus absence of benefit agent, or when benefit agent has solubility outside a defined range.
US07799747B2
The invention provides a method of reducing surfactant damage in compositions comprising at least one surfactant and at least one benefit agent. The reduction in damage is measurable by decrease in number of protein binding sites in presence versus absence of benefit agent, or when benefit agent has solubility outside a defined range. The invention further relates to compositions comprising said surfactants and benefit agent(s) having reduced surfactant damage.
US07799745B2
A lubricant additive gel formed by the gellation of two or more lubricant additives for the slow release of the additive components into a fluid. The lubricant additive gel slowly releases into its component lubricant additives when contacted with the fluid such as an oil thereby serving as a lubricant fluid such as an oil thereby.
US07799741B2
The present invention relates to the use of at least one hydrophobin or at least one hydrophobin derivative in a drilling mud.
US07799734B2
A catalyst carrier body, which is suitable for use in an exhaust system close to an internal combustion engine, has a multiplicity of passages through which a gas stream can flow and which extend next to one another between an inlet side and an outlet side. In order to allow efficient and permanent installation of an exhaust-gas treatment device, which can be subjected to high thermal and dynamic loads, the catalyst carrier body has at least one metallic sheet, which at a temperature of 900° C. at least has a proof stress Rp0.2 of 50 N/mm2. A catalytic converter, which is likewise suitable for this purpose, a corresponding exhaust system and a corresponding vehicle, are also provided.
US07799733B2
The present invention provides a process for making activated carbon having BET surface area up to 2000 m2/g with pore diameter in the range 17-21 Å suitable for fabricating fuel cell and ultracapacitor electrode from coconut shell by treating carbon granules obtained from coconut shells with chemical activating agents like zinc chloride or potassium hydroxide at the room temperature range 500-800° C. in a dynamic flow of gases like N2 or CO2 for 6-24 h followed by a specific cooling pattern to room temperature. Use of such activated carbon enables the fabrication of high performance ultracapacitor electrodes in H2SO4 as exemplified by capacitance values like 180 F/g without the use of any normal metal additives such as RuO2 or IrO2.
US07799730B2
The invention relates to a cylindrical catalyst body 1 which is characterized in that indentations are provided on the circumferential surface 3 of the catalyst body 1. These indentations are preferably configured as grooves 4 and webs 5 which run parallel to the longitudinal axis 2 of the catalyst body 1.
US07799729B2
In one embodiment, a reforming catalyst can include indium, tin, and a catalytically effective amount of a group VIII element for one or more reforming reactions. Typically, at least about 25%, by mole, of the indium is an In(3+) species based on the total moles of indium after exposure for about 30 minutes in an atmosphere including about 100% hydrogen, by mole, at a temperature of about 565° C. Usually, no more than about 25%, by mole, of the tin is a Sn(4+) species based on the total moles of tin after exposure for about 30 minutes in an atmosphere including about 100% hydrogen, by mole, at a temperature of about 565° C.
US07799714B2
The optical glass comprises equal to or greater than 5 mole percent of P2O5, has an Abbé number of equal to or greater than 58 and a glass transition temperature of equal to or less than 570 degree Celsius, and has an alkalinity resistance defined as a rate of weight reduction of equal to or less than 17 micrograms/(cm2·hour) when the surface of said optical glass which has been optically polished is immersed in 0.01 mole/liter of NaOH aqueous solution at 50 degree Celsius.
US07799710B1
A foamed composite armor laminate comprising interleaved combinations of ballistic resistant fabrics, and ceramic and/or metallic plates or sheets in a polymeric foam matrix. The foamed composite armor can be fabricated by inserting polymer powder or sheets between layers of fabric and/or ceramic or metallic sheets to form a laminated structure, heating this laminated structure under pressure to form a consolidated panel, and then foaming the polymeric portion of the consolidated panel in an autoclave or pressure vessel by saturating the polymeric portion with inert gas at elevated temperature, rapidly releasing the pressure and controllably cooling the laminated structure to ambient. Alternatively, pre-foamed panels can be laminated to fabric, ceramic and/or metallic sheets using adhesives or the like. Through proper selection of the various elements of the laminate, i.e. the foamed polymer matrix, the polymeric fabric(s) and the ceramic and metallic sheet(s), a wide variety of ballistic, flame retardance, stiffness and other properties can be custom designed into the product for specific end use applications.
US07799709B2
To improve wear resistance of a woven belt and a seatbelt device including the woven beltA woven belt 101 has a structure formed by weaving a plurality of warp yarns 102 extending in a substantially longitudinal direction of the belt and a plurality of weft yarns 103 extending in a substantially transverse direction of the belt. At least one of the warp yarns 102 and the weft yarns 103 is a fiber bundle containing highly contractible synthetic fiber yarns (e.g., yarns containing a low-melting-point filament component 306 having a relatively low melting point and a high-melting-point filament component 307 having a relatively high melting point) so that the strength of the fiber bundle can be increased, and the wear resistance of the woven belt 101 as a whole can be improved.
US07799707B2
Methods of forming a gated, self-aligned nano-structures for electron extraction are disclosed. One method of forming the nano-structure comprises irradiating a first surface of a thermally conductive laminate to melt an area across the first surface of the laminate. The laminate comprises a thermally conductive film and a patterned layer disposed on the first surface of the film. The patterned layer has a pattern formed therethrough, defining the area for melting. The film is insulated at a second surface thereof to provide two-dimensional heat transfer laterally in plane of the film. The liquid density of the film is greater than the solid density thereof. The method further comprises cooling the area inwardly from the periphery thereof to form the nano-structure having an apical nano-tip for electron emission centered in an electrically isolated aperture that serves as a gate electrode to control electron extraction in a gated field emitter device.
US07799706B2
A neutral beam-assisted atomic layer chemical vapor deposition (ALCVD) apparatus is provided for uniformly depositing an oxide layer filling a planarization layer or a trench to increase uniformity and density of the oxide layer using neutral beams generated by a neutral beam generator without a seam or void occurring in an atomic layer deposition (ALD) or ALD-like chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process, thereby solving problems on the void or seam and low density occurring when a high-density planarization layer or a shallow trench having a width of 65 nm or less is formed, and improving a next generation oxide layer isolation process. The neutral beam-assisted ALCVD apparatus includes: an ALCVD apparatus, which deposits an oxide layer in order to form a pattern in a semiconductor substrate; and a neutral beam generator, which converts ion beams to neutral beams in order to remove a seam or void in the oxide layer deposited between the patterns, and applies the neutral beams to the oxide layer deposited to form the pattern.
US07799703B2
A processing method includes a gas having a Si—CH3 bond supplied into a processing chamber after a target substrate to be processed is loaded into the processing chamber; and a silylation process performed on the target substrate. The internal pressure of the chamber by the supply of the gas having the Si—CH3 bond and the gas supply time are set to be within ranges where the silylation process can be performed while the internal pressure of the chamber is decreased to reach an eligible pressure level where the wafer can be unloaded after the internal pressure of the chamber is increased up to a preset pressure by the supply of the gas.
US07799700B2
A method for applying a resin film to the face of a semiconductor wafer, comprising: an assembly holding step of holding an assembly on the surface of chuck means, with the back of the assembly being opposed to the surface of the chuck means, the assembly including a frame having a mounting opening formed in a central portion of the frame, and a semiconductor wafer mounted in the mounting opening of the frame by sticking a mounting tape to the back of the frame and the back of the semiconductor wafer; a liquid droplet supply step of supplying liquid droplets of a solution having a resin dissolved therein onto the face of the semiconductor wafer in the assembly after the assembly holding step; and a spreading step of rotating the chuck means subsequently to the liquid droplet supply step, thereby spreading the liquid droplets throughout the face of the semiconductor wafer. The method further comprises a cleaning step of rotating the chuck means and also supplying a cleaning fluid to the surface of the frame after the spreading step, thereby cleaning the solution which has adhered to the surface of the frame.
US07799688B2
A polishing slurry comprises a metal-oxidizing agent, a metal anticorrosive agent, an oxidized metal dissolving agent and water. The oxidized metal dissolving agent is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of an acid in which the negative value of the logarithm of the dissociation constant Ka (pKa) of a first dissociable acid group is 3.5 or more, an ammonium salt of the acid and an organic acid ester of the acid. The pH of the polishing slurry is within the range of 3 to 4. The concentration of the metal-oxidizing agent is within the range of 0.01 to 3 percent by weight. In the wiring-formation process of the semiconductor device, the conductor used for the barrier layer can be polished at a high polishing rate by using the polishing slurry having the low polishing particle concentration and the low metal anticorrosive agent concentration.
US07799686B2
Provided are a metal-polishing liquid that comprises an oxidizing agent, an oxidized-metal etchant, a protective film-forming agent, a dissolution promoter for the protective film-forming agent, and water; a method for producing it; and a polishing method of using it. Also provided are materials for the metal-polishing liquid, which include an oxidized-metal etchant, a protective film-forming agent, and a dissolution promoter for the protective film-forming agent.
US07799685B2
In a technique for fabricating an integrated circuit to include an active device structure which supports an electrical interconnect structure, a photoresist layer is used prior to forming an electrical interconnect structure on the active device structure. The photoresist and related residues are removed by exposing the photoresist and exposed regions of the active device structure to one or more reactive species that are generated using a gas mixture including hydrogen gas, as a predominant source of the reactive species, in a plasma source such that the photoresist and residues are continuously exposed to hydrogen-based reactive species. An associated system architecture is described which provides for a substantial flow of hydrogen gas in the process chamber.
US07799683B2
Capping layer or layers on a surface of a copper interconnect wiring layer for use in interconnect structures for integrated circuits and methods and apparatus for forming improved integration interconnection structures for integrated circuits by the application of gas-cluster ion-beam processing. Reduced copper diffusion and improved electromigration lifetime result and the use of selective metal capping techniques and their attendant yield problems are avoided. Various cluster tool configurations including gas-cluster ion-beam processing modules for copper capping, cleaning, etching, and film formation steps are disclosed.
US07799681B2
A method for integrating ruthenium (Ru) metal cap layers and modified Ru metal cap layers into copper (Cu) metallization of semiconductor devices to improve electromigration (EM) and stress migration (SM) in bulk Cu metal. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a planarized patterned substrate containing a Cu metal surface and a dielectric layer surface, depositing first Ru metal on the Cu metal surface, and depositing additional Ru metal on the dielectric layer surface, where the amount of the additional Ru metal is less than the amount of the first Ru metal. The method further includes at least substantially removing the additional Ru metal from the dielectric layer surface to improve the selective formation of a Ru metal cap layer on the Cu metal surface. Other embodiments further include incorporating one or more types of modifier elements into the dielectric layer surface, the Cu metal surface, the Ru metal cap layer, or a combination thereof.
US07799674B2
A method for forming interconnect wiring, includes: (i) covering a surface of a connection hole penetrating through interconnect dielectric layers formed on a substrate for interconnect wiring, with an underlying alloy layer selected from the group consisting of an alloy film containing ruthenium (Ru) and at least one other metal atom (M), a nitride film thereof, a carbide film thereof, and an nitride-carbide film thereof, and (ii) filling copper or a copper compound in the connection hole covered with the underlying layer.
US07799670B2
A blocking layer of a non-volatile charge trap memory device is formed by oxidizing a portion of a charge trapping layer of the memory device. In one embodiment, the blocking layer is grown by a radical oxidation process at temperature below 500° C. In accordance with one implementation, the radical oxidation process involves flowing hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) gas mixture into a process chamber and exposing the substrate to a plasma. In a preferred embodiment, a high density plasma (HDP) chamber is employed to oxidize a portion of the charge trapping layer. In further embodiments, a portion of a silicon-rich silicon oxynitride charge trapping layer is consumptively oxidized to form the blocking layer and provide an increased memory window relative to oxidation of a nitrogen-rich silicon oxynitride layer.
US07799667B2
A semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate with a principal plane; a base region disposed on the principal plane; a source region disposed on the principal plane in the base region to be shallower than the base region; a drain region disposed on the principal plane, and spaced to the base region; a trench disposed on the principal plane; a trench gate electrode disposed in the trench through a trench gate insulation film; a planer gate electrode disposed on the principal plane of the semiconductor substrate through a planer gate insulation film; and an impurity diffusion region having high concentration of impurities and disposed in a portion of the base region to be a channel region facing the planer gate electrode.
US07799664B2
One inventive aspect relates to a method of selective epitaxial growth of source/drain (S/D) areas. The method includes providing a substrate having a first and a second substrate area, the first area including at least one gate stack. The method includes applying a poly-Si or poly-SiGe top layer on the substrate, the top layer being etchable with the same etch chemistry as the substrate. The method includes removing the poly-Si or poly-SiGe top layer from the first area selectively towards the poly-Si or poly-SiGe top layer in the second area. The method includes removing simultaneously the poly-Si or poly-SiGe top layer on the second area and at least a part of the substrate in the S/D areas of the first area selectively to the gate stack. The method includes performing a selective epitaxial growth of S/D areas in the first area.
US07799662B2
After introducing oxygen into an N− type FZ wafer serving as an N− type first semiconductor layer, a P type second semiconductor layer and an anode are formed on a surface of the FZ wafer. The FZ wafer is irradiated with protons from the side of the anode, introducing crystal defects into the FZ wafer. By performing heat treatment to recover the crystal defects in the FZ wafer, the net doping concentration of a portion within the first semiconductor layer is made higher than the initial net doping concentration of the FZ wafer, and a desired broad buffer structure is formed. Accordingly, a semiconductor device with fast operation and low losses, and having soft switching characteristics, can be manufactured inexpensively using FZ bulk wafers, with good controllability and yields.
US07799661B2
A device (101) for controlling the treatment of a substrate (102) with a plasma (103) is provided which comprises (a) a plasma chamber (104) adapted to generate a plasma (103); (b) a sensor (113) equipped with first (115) and second (117) electrodes that are exposed to the plasma generated within the chamber, said sensor being adapted to (i) apply a first low frequency voltage V1 to the first electrode, (ii) apply a plurality of high frequency voltages V2 . . . Vn to the first electrode, where n≧2, and (iii) measure the respective currents I1 . . . In flowing through the second electrode during application of each of the voltages V1 . . . Vn, respectively; and (c) a data processing device (121) adapted to determine the densities of a plurality of ion species based on currents I1 . . . In and on a mathematical model or on calibration data relating to the plasma chamber.
US07799657B2
A semiconductor fabrication process includes forming a sacrificial layer on a substrate of a donor wafer and implanting hydrogen ions into the substrate through the sacrificial layer to create a stress layer in the substrate. After forming the stress layer, multiple layer stacks are formed on the donor wafer substrate including a bottom gate conductor layer and a bottom gate dielectric layer. An upper surface of the donor wafer is bonded to an upper surface of a handle wafer. An oxide or low-k layer may be formed on the handle wafer. A portion of the substrate of the donor wafer is then cleaved. The bottom gate conductor layer is selected from the group including polysilicon, alpha silicon, alpha germanium, W, Ti, Ta, TiN, and TaSiN.
US07799650B2
A method for forming a semiconductor device on a semiconductor material layer includes forming a gate structure over the semiconductor material layer. The method further includes forming a first nitride spacer adjacent to the gate structure and forming source/drain extensions in the semiconductor material layer. The method further includes forming an oxide liner overlying the gate structure and the source/drain extensions. The method further includes forming a second nitride spacer adjacent to the oxide liner. The method further includes forming source/drain regions in the semiconductor material layer. The method further includes using an etching process that is selective to the oxide liner, removing the second nitride spacer. The method further includes using an etching process that is selective to the first nitride spacer, at least partially removing the oxide liner. The method further includes forming silicide regions overlying the source/drain regions and the gate structure.
US07799649B2
The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device. The method, in one embodiment, includes forming a silicon oxide masking layer over a substrate in a first active region and a second active region of a semiconductor device, patterning the silicon oxide masking layer to expose the substrate in the first active region. The method further includes forming a layer of dielectric material over the substrate in the first active region, the patterned silicon oxide masking layer protecting the substrate from the layer of dielectric material in the second active region.
US07799644B2
A transistor having a source with higher resistance than its drain is optimal as a pull-up device in a storage circuit. The transistor has a source region having a source implant having a source resistance. The source region is not salicided. A control electrode region is adjacent the source region for controlling electrical conduction of the transistor. A drain region is adjacent the control electrode region and opposite the source region. The drain region has a drain implant that is salicided and has a drain resistance. The source resistance is more than the drain resistance because the source region having a physical property that differs from the drain region.
US07799642B2
A method for manufacturing a trench MOSFET semiconductor device comprises: providing a heavily doped N+ silicon substrate; forming an N type epitaxial layer; forming a thick SiO2 layer; creating P body and source area formations by ion implantation without any masks; utilizing a first mask to define openings for a trench gate and a termination; thermally growing a gate oxide layer followed by formation of a thick poly-Silicon refill layer without a mask to define a gate bus area; forming sidewall spacers; forming P+ areas; removing the sidewall spacers; depositing tungsten to fill contacts and vias; depositing a first thin barrier metal layer; depositing a first thick metal layer; utilizing a second metal mask to open a gate bus area; forming second sidewall spacers; depositing a second thin barrier metal layer; depositing a second thick metal layer; and planarizing at least the second thick metal layer and the second thin metal layer to isolate the source metal portions from gate metal portions, whereby the trench MOSFET semiconductor device is manufactured utilizing only first and second masks.
US07799640B2
In one embodiment, a method of forming a semiconductor device with trench charge compensation structures includes exposing the trench sidewalls to a reduced temperature hydrogen desorption process to enhance the formation of monocrystalline semiconductor layers.
US07799637B2
Non-volatile storage elements (or other device) are created. One embodiment includes creating floating gate stacks comprising a floating gate, a control gate and a dielectric between the floating gate and the control gate. One example of a suitable dielectric includes a first layer of oxide, a layer of nitride and a second layer of oxide, all three of which are deposited using Atomic Layer Deposition (or other process). An implant (or other) process is used to create source/drain regions. ALD is used to deposit oxide and nitride for sidewalls.
US07799633B2
Provided are a semiconductor device and a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device, for example, a semiconductor device using carbon nanotubes or nanowires as lower electrodes of a capacitor, and a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device. The semiconductor device may include a lower electrode including a plurality of tubes or wires on a semiconductor substrate, a dielectric layer on the surface of the lower electrode, and an upper electrode on the surface of the dielectric layer, wherein the plurality of tubes or wires radiate outwardly from each other centering on the lower portion of the plurality of tubes or wires. Thus, the off current of the capacitor may be increased by increasing the surface area of the lower electrodes of the capacitor.
US07799627B2
Embodiments relate to a multi device that may include a first MOS transistor having a first gate oxide film, and a second MOS transistor having a second gate oxide film thicker than the first gate oxide film. According to embodiments, a LDD structure of the first MOS transistor may be a two-layered structure in which a first LDD region and a second LDD region are disposed vertically downward from the surface of a wafer, and the second LDD region is substantially the same as an LDD structure in the second MOS transistor in doping concentration.
US07799624B2
Embodiments of methods, apparatuses, devices, and/or systems for forming a thin film component are described.
US07799615B2
Power conversion apparatus can include a circuit board with power conversion circuitry and a package. The package may be formed by encapsulating areas of the circuit board assembly either before or after the interface contacts are attached to the circuit board. A method for encapsulating two sides of a substrate can include providing a mold that fills a larger first cavity to create a sealing force on a smaller second cavity. The encapsulant flows through the first cavity into the second cavity. A thermal extender can include a surface for mounting a heat dissipating power converter and a surface for mating with an external circuit board. Interface conductors may mate with contacts on the heat dissipating power converter and with conductive regions on the external circuit board. A heat sink may be thermally coupled to remove heat generated by the power converter.
US07799610B2
Semiconductor devices and stacked die assemblies, and methods of fabricating the devices and assemblies are provided.
US07799608B2
Various stacked semiconductor devices and methods of making the same are provided. In one aspect, a method of manufacturing is provided that includes providing a first semiconductor die that has a first bulk semiconductor side and a first opposite side. A second semiconductor die is provided that has a second bulk semiconductor side and a second opposite side. The second opposite side of the second semiconductor die is coupled to the first opposite side of the first semiconductor die. Electrical connections are formed between the first semiconductor die and the second semiconductor die.
US07799607B2
A process for forming bumps wherein a plurality of fine bumps are uniformly formed with high productivity. In this process, a resin (13) including solder powder and a convection additive (12) is supplied onto a substrate (10) having a plurality of electrodes (11) thereon. And subsequently the substrate (10) is heated to a temperature that enables the solder powder to melt while keeping a flat plate (14) in contact with a surface of the supplied resin (13). During this heating step, the molten solder powder is allowed to self-assemble onto the electrodes (11) so that a plurality of solder balls, resulting from the grown molten solder powder, are concurrently formed on the electrodes (11) in self-alignment manner. Finally, the flat plate (14) is moved away from the surface of the supplied resin (13), and then the resin (13) is removed to provide a substrate (10) having bumps (16) formed on the plurality of the electrodes.
US07799605B2
A method of forming an integrated circuit module may include interposing an auxiliary PCB between at least one semiconductor chip and a main PCB, the auxiliary PCB having at least one circuit pattern for electrical connection to one of the semiconductor chip and at least one circuit pattern formed on the main PCB.
US07799590B2
The aperture ratio of a pixel of a reflecting type display device is improved without increasing the number of masks and without using a black mask. Locations for light shielding between pixels are arranged such that a pixel electrode overlaps with a portion of a gate wiring and a source wiring. In locations for shielding TFTs, a high pixel aperture ratio is realized by forming a color filter (red, or lamination of red and blue), formed on an opposing substrate.
US07799588B2
A method of manufacturing an optical device includes: a first step of forming an optical-device forming body that includes a plurality of columnar structures arranged in an arrangement direction on a substrate surface via a trench and an outline structure connected to and containing therein the plurality of columnar structures; a second step of oxidizing the optical-device forming body from a state where the optical-device forming body starts to be oxidized to a state where the columnar structure is oxidized; and a third step in which an unoxidized residual part of the outline structure in the second step is oxidized after the second step so as to form an oxidized body. Furthermore, the third step includes restraining the outline structure from being deformed with respect to at least the arrangement direction of the columnar structures in the third step.
US07799578B2
The invention concerns a device and method for withdrawing samples of liquid samples for analytical elements. The device includes a carrier and a cover with a surface that cooperates with a surface of the carrier to form a channel. The channel has an opening defined by at least one edge. At least one notch in the form of a partial groove extends into the at least one edge of the opening so that one side of the edge of the opening is at least partially interrupted by the at least one notch. The notch forms a sample application opening by exposing the surface, whose extension forms an inner surface of the channel.
US07799568B2
A method for identifying a product includes providing a solid body (10) fabricated from at least a molecularly imprinted polymer having molecular sized cavities (12) adapted to selectively receive and bind molecules (50) having a specific taggant molecular structure (51), the molecular sized cavities (12) disposed on a portion of an exterior surface (11) of the body (10), and applying to the surface of the body a composition containing indicator molecules (50) having a taggant moiety (51) at one end and a marking function group (53) tethered to the taggant moiety (51) by a molecular chain the taggant moieties (51) engaging and binding to the molecular sized cavities (12) so as to mark the portion of the surface (11) of the body (10) with the indicator molecules (50) bound thereto, the marking functional groups (53) rendering the marked portion of the surface (11) perceptible with or without detection instrumentation.
US07799545B2
The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The microbial organism contains at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme in the respective adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway. The invention additionally provides a method for producing adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam. The method can include culturing an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam producing microbial organism, where the microbial organism expresses at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam pathway enzyme in a sufficient amount to produce the respective product, under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid or caprolactam.
US07799538B2
The present invention is a method for identifying agents that modulate the GTPase activity of AS160. In the instant assay, AS160 or the GAP domain thereof is contacted with a test agent, in the presence of GTP-bound Rab (2A, 8A, 8B, 10, or 14), and the AS160 GAP domain-mediated hydrolysis of GTP to GDP is monitored.
US07799534B2
Assay methods are disclosed involving specific binding reactions which are simplified compared to known methods. A compound capable of producing chemiluminescence is immobilized on a solid support as is a member of a specific binding pair for capturing an analyte from a sample. An activator compound that activates the chemiluminescent compound and is conjugated to a specific binding pair member is added in excess along with the sample to the solid support. Addition of a trigger solution causes a chemiluminescent reaction at the sites where the activator conjugate has been specifically bound. The assay methods are termed non-separation assays because they do not require removal or separation of excess detection label (activator conjugate) prior to the detection step. The methods are applicable to various types of assays including immunoassays, receptor-ligand assays and nucleic acid hybridization assays.
US07799528B2
The invention is based at least in part on the discovery of novel group of genes and/or their encoded gene products that are differentially represented in two substantially enriched CD34+/CD38−/Lin− and CD34+/[CD38/Lin]++ hematopoietic cell populations isolated from normal human bone marrow, cord blood, and peripheral blood stem cell preparations.
US07799517B1
A method of forming a feature on a device is disclosed. A photo resist layer is formed over the device and a dipole illuminator having a pole orientation axis in a first direction is used to expose a first geometrical pattern onto the resist layer. The first geometrical pattern is substantially oriented in the same direction as the pole orientation axis of the dipole illuminator. A dipole illuminator having a pole orientation axis substantially orthogonal to the first direction then is used to expose a second geometrical pattern onto the resist layer. The second geometrical pattern is oriented substantially orthogonal to the first direction.
US07799493B2
A process including reacting a substituted or unsubstituted arylamine or a mixture thereof with a Vilsmeier reagent in the presence of a weakly polar liquid.
US07799491B2
A method and apparatus are disclosed which provide a color filter array for an imaging device in which the filters of the array are accurately positioned through the use of a patterned mask layer used to form filters for one color of the array. Additionally or alternatively, the color filter array can have a light blocking spacer to block light from being transmitted between color filters and/or to a peripheral circuitry region.
US07799485B2
According to the invention, a fuel cell system features a fuel cell (1) having an electrode (5, 6), and an antioxidant residing in or contacting the electrode (5, 6), for inactivating active oxygen.
US07799479B2
A pressure relief valve for a fuel cell stack assembly is disclosed, wherein the valve is disposed in an insulation end plate to militate against an over pressurization of the fuel cell stack assembly.
US07799478B2
In a cell stack of fuel cells according to the present invention, an output power density is measured at each of an upstream-side electricity generating section, which is located at an upstream-side of flow of fuel, and a downstream-side electricity generating section located at a downstream-side thereof. If the voltage at the upstream-side is higher than that at the downstream-side, a control operation to increase the concentration of fuel is performed. Conversely, if the voltage at the upstream-side is lower, a control operation to decrease the concentration of fuel is performed. Control directed to fuel concentration maximizing electricity generating efficiency may be implemented by repeatedly performing such control operations. There is no necessity for providing a concentration sensor in each of the generating sections. Consequently, simplification of configuration of and reduction in the size of the fuel cell may be achieved.
US07799477B2
The invention relates to an aircraft, in particular to an airplane, having at least one fuel cell, having at least one supply line which connects the fuel cell to a fuel supply, having at least one outlet line by means of which fuel supplied by the supply line and not consumed in the fuel cell is drained off and having means for the influencing of the fuel flow through the fuel cell as well as having means for the influencing of the fuel flow through the fuel cell, with the means for the influencing of the fuel flow having a pressure regulator located in the at least one supply line and a restrictor member located in the at least one outlet line, with the pressure regulator regulating the pressure of the fuel supply to the operating pressure of the fuel cell and with the restrictor member reducing the flow of the fuel flowing through the outlet line.
US07799466B2
A lead acid battery having lightly gelled electrolyte is provided. The lead acid battery includes a plurality of alternating positive plates and negative plates, a plurality of separators sandwiched in between the positive plates and the negative plates, and a lightly gelled electrolyte including dilute sulfuric acid and silica particles substantially in the range of 0.1% to 3% of the electrolyte by weight. The silica particles are fumed silica particles.
US07799465B2
There is described a fuel cell or electrolytic cell comprising an ion-conductive polymeric material which includes a first repeat unit of formula (I): —(O-Ph1-CO-Ph1-O-Ph1-CO-Ph1)-, and a second repeat unit of formula (II): —(O-Ph2-O-Ph3-CO-Ph4)-, or of formula (III): (O-Ph2-O-Ph3-SO2-Ph4)-; wherein Ph1, Ph2, Ph3 and Ph4 independently represent phenyl moieties and wherein said second repeat unit is provided with ion-exchange sites. The polymeric material may include a third repeat unit which is amorphous.
US07799463B2
A method of forming battery grids or plates that includes the step of mechanically reshaping or refinishing battery grid wires to improve adhesion between the battery paste and the grid wires. The method is particularly useful in improving the paste adhesion to battery grids formed by a continuous battery grid making process (such as strip expansion, strip stamping, continuous casting) that produces grid wires and nodes with smooth surfaces and a rectangular cross-section. In a preferred version of the method, the grid wires of battery grids produced by a stamping process are deformed such that the grid wires have a cross-section other than the rectangular cross-section produced by the stamping process. The method increases the cycle life of a battery.
US07799437B2
The present invention relates to a magnesium-based composite material includes a magnesium-based metallic material, and at least one nanoscale reinforcement film disposed therein. The present invention also relates to a method for fabricating the above-described a magnesium-based composite material, the method includes the steps of: (a) providing at least two magnesium-based plates; (b) providing at least one nanoscale reinforcement film; (c) sandwiching the at least one nanoscale reinforcement film between the at least two magnesium-based plates to form a preform; and (d) hot rolling the preform to achieve the magnesium-based composite material.
US07799436B2
The invention relates to a multilayered biaxially oriented polyolefin film in the form of a release film in a laminate which is coated on an outer surface thereof with a cold seal adhesive. The release film comprises a base layer and at least one outer layer. At least one layer of the release film contains wax having an average molecular weight Mn of 200-3000. The invention also relates to a method for producing the film and the use thereof.
US07799435B2
The present invention relates to a polymer composition with good chemical properties and barrier properties being multimodal and comprising a polymer (A) having a weight average molecular weight of lower than 6000 g/mol and a polyolefine (B) having a higher weight average molecular weight than polymer (A) and a filler (C), whereby a polymer composition without filter (C) has a density of 940 kg/m3 or lower.
US07799432B2
Substrates with a biofilm-inhibiting coating comprising an inorganic condensate modified with organic groups, at least some of the organic groups of the condensate containing fluorine atoms and the coating comprising copper colloids or silver colloids.
US07799428B2
A thermal solution for an electronic device, which is positioned between a heat source and an external surface of the electronic device and/or another component of the electronic device, where the thermal solution facilitates heat dissipation from the heat source while shielding the external surface and/or second component from the heat generated by the heat source.
US07799426B2
Nanoparticle precursor structures, nanoparticle structures, and composite materials that include the nanoparticle structures in a polymer to form a composite material. The nanoparticle structures have chemical linkage moieties capable of forming non-covalent bonds with portions of a polymer for the composite material. Such composite materials are useful as biomaterials in medical devices.
US07799425B2
A composite nanoparticle makes it possible to significantly lower the temperature to separate an organic substance from a core and uniformly sinter the cores, and can be applied to bonding that replaces soldering. The composite nanoparticle includes a metal component as a core, and an organic substance surrounding the metal component and bonded to it by physical adsorption. The composite nanoparticles can be produced by allowing an inorganic metal salt and an organic material to coexist, and heating the inorganic metal salt and the organic material to a predetermined temperature and holding them at the temperature for a predetermined time so that the inorganic metal salt is decomposed to produce metal nanoparticles. Thus, an organic substance is bonded to the metal nanoparticles by physical adsorption without forming an organometallic compound through a reaction between the metal nanoparticles and the organic substance.
US07799418B2
The present invention provides a multilayer film preferably comprising two skin layers, each preferably comprising low density polyethylene, two outer core layers, preferably comprising an additive and a styrene block copolymer, and an inner core layer preferably comprising an additive and a styrene block copolymer.
US07799417B2
A Si—SiC based fired body includes a plurality of silicon carbide (SiC) particles serving as an aggregate, and silicon (Si) which serves as a binder and which is filled into gaps between the above-described silicon carbide particles, wherein the maximum particle diameter of the above-described silicon carbide particles is 0.5 mm or more, the content of silicon is 5 to 40 percent by mass, and the porosity is 0 to 5%. Preferably, the Si—SiC based fired body is in a thick-walled shape having a thickness of 20 to 200 mm.
US07799409B2
A ceramic green sheet structure has a ceramic green sheet including at least a ceramic material and a resin and a conductive layer formed on the ceramic green sheet. An electrode non-formed area has a porosity equal to or greater than 17%, and preferably, equal to or less than 25%. Moreover, an electrode formed area where the conductive layer is formed may have a smaller porosity than the electrode non-formed area where no conductive layer is formed.
US07799401B2
Disclosed herein are an adhesive sheet and a manufacturing method thereof. The adhesive sheet comprises a polyvinyl chloride sheet formed of a polyvinyl chloride sheet comprising polyvinyl chloride, tourmaline and/or kiyoseki, and a flame retardant. The adhesive sheet may further comprise an antibacterial/deodorant layer formed on one side of the polyvinyl chloride sheet. The adhesive sheet has excellent ability to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and excellent flame retardancy and printability.
US07799400B2
A multi-layered plastic body for containing, storing or conducting a medical, diagnostic, pharmaceutical, cosmetic or other product, the plastic body including a first layer made of a stress fracture resistant plastic material, and at least a second layer adjacent to the first layer and made of a plastic material exhibiting a lower resistance to stress fractures than the first plastic material. The invention encompasses a suitable method of making the body.
US07799386B2
Method for production of a coating on a solid substrate comprising the steps of applying a liquid coating composition comprising a polyfunctional resin, a fatty acid or derivative thereof acting as a reactive diluent and optionally a curing agent and/or one or more additives, wherein the resin comprises functional groups capable of reacting with carboxyl or acyl groups of the fatty acid or derivative thereof, onto the substrate, and curing the coating by heat activation. The invention further relates to the liquid coating composition as well as a substrate comprising a coating obtained by heat activation of such a coating composition.
US07799381B2
A method for caulking or grouting a corner involving providing a tape with two strips of adhesive tape, the strips being spaced apart such that a channel is formed therebetween. A non-adhesive dividing strip is attached to the strips. The strips are folded along the centerline of and rolled upon a cylindrical core (16). The roll is placed against one wall with the folded edge inserted into the corner. Using the roll as a guide the tape is unrolled along the corner by moving the roll along the corner, progressively unrolling tape from the roll and unpeeling the dividing strip. After the tape is in place, caulk or grout is applied in the channel between the adhesive strips.
US07799380B2
The present invention relates to inks for silk-screen printing technique, as well as the corresponding printing technique, designed to bestow upon the reproduction obtained by means of the use of said inks on an appropriate substrate, preferably of a paper type, a particular feel, preferably a particular roughness or coarseness. In particular, the present invention relates to an ink for silk-screen printing of catalogues or advertising leaflets for products designed for decorative wall coatings that will reproduce also the feel of the final decoration applied on the wall substrate.
US07799359B2
The invention relates to a process for wine evolution by electrochemical way, with reduced treatment times and controlled selectivity. The process may be carried out at the anodic compartment of an electrochemical reactor subdivided by a semipermeable membrane on a valve metal anode, for instance a titanium anode, provided with catalytic coating containing platinum or other noble metal.
US07799357B2
The present invention provides an in vitro resveratrol-rich callus tissue of Vitis thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. which is a callus tissue developed from a tissue culture system containing one or more plant growth regulators (PGRs) and cultured from a stem or a petiole tissue explant of a wild type of V. thunbergii or a cultivated plantlet of V. thunbergii. The cultivated plantlet is in turn derived from a shoot of the wild type of V. thunbergii cultivated in a plantlet culture system containing no PGRs. The in vitro resveratrol-rich callus tissue of V. thunbergii is characterized by its containing at least about 1,000 to 10,000 mg/kg of dried weight of resveratrol, predominantly in the form of trans-resveratrol and/or resveratrol-O-glucoside, and being ready for harvest or subculture in about 30 days.
US07799343B2
The harmful effects of ALS inhibiting herbicides on turfgrass are reduced by applying the herbicides as solid granular compositions, particularly on solid granular fertilizer compositions.
US07799338B2
Plaster for topical use having an analgesic activity and at the same time being able to re-absorb haematomas, comprising: a substrate layer; an adhesive layer in the form of a hydrogel matrix containing a pharmaceutically acceptable diclofenac salt, heparin or a heparinoid; a protective film which can be removed at the moment of use.
US07799330B2
The invention relates to a Piroplasmid protein or an immunogenic fragment of the protein, and to a nucleic acid encoding the Piroplasmid protein or immunogenic fragment. Furthermore, the invention relates to cDNA fragments, recombinant DNA molecules and live recombinant carriers comprising the nucleic acid. Also the invention relates to host cells comprising the cDNA fragments, recombinant DNA molecules and live recombinant carriers. Finally, the invention relates to vaccines comprising a Piroplasmid protein or an immunogenic fragment of the protein, to methods for the preparation of such vaccines, to the use of such proteins or fragments for vaccine purposes, and to diagnostic tests.
US07799326B2
Methods and compositions for the amelioration of symptoms mediated by the collagenolytic activity of cathepsin K complex are provided. Methods of specifically modulating the collagenolytic activity of cathepsin K without substantial interference in other biologically-relevant activities of cathepsin K are further provided.
US07799315B2
A thermochemical water-splitting process all reactions of which operate at relatively low temperatures and high efficiencies, and in which relatively inexpensive materials and processing methods are made possible. This invention involves the decomposition of a metal halide compound, i.e., one which is capable of being reduced from a higher oxidation state to lower oxidation state, e.g. vanadium chloride III→vanadium dichloride. The process is cyclic and regenerative, and the only net inputs are water and heat; and the only net outputs are hydrogen and oxygen. The process makes it possible to utilize a wide variety of available heat, including solar, sources for the energy input.
US07799309B2
A process for enhancing the expansion of intercalated graphite flake is presented. The process includes annealing the graphite flake at a temperature of at least about 3000° C. prior to intercalation and intercalating in the presence of a lubricious additive.
US07799307B2
A method of growing single-walled carbon nanotubes. The method may include supplying at least one of an oxidant and an etchant into a vacuum chamber and supplying a source gas into the vacuum chamber to grow carbon nanotubes on a substrate in an oxidant or an etchant atmosphere. The carbon nanotubes may be grown in an H2O plasma atmosphere. The carbon nanotubes may be grown at a temperature less than 500° C.
US07799305B2
The present invention provides a semi-insulating silicon carbide single crystal characterized by having an electrical resistivity at room temperature of 1×105 Ωcm or more, and a semi-insulating silicon carbide single crystal characterized by having an electrical resistivity at room temperature of 1×105 Ωcm or more and vacancy pairs (bivacancies), and an semi-insulating silicon carbide single crystal characterized by having an electrical resistivity at room temperature of 1×105 Ωcm or more and containing a crystal region where a position average lifetime becomes a lifetime longer than 155 ps in measurement of position lifetime at a liquid nitrogen boiling point temperature (77K) or less, and wafer obtained therefrom.According to the present invention, by having vacancy clusters including vacancy pairs, the electrical conductivity can be reduced even when the nitrogen concentration is higher than the boron concentration and, in addition, a semi-insulating SiC single crystal resistant to change of the electrical conductivity even with heat treatment can be obtained.
US07799279B2
The present invention relates to an improved system for efficiently and accurately performing immunoassays, such as ELISAs. The invention provides an immunoassay assembly which includes a flow-through unit and an aspiration pump. The immunoassay flow-through unit includes an outer seal; at least one bed support; an inner seal; and a packed non-porous bed. The unit is releasably attached to an aspiration pump which enables the controlled flow rate of liquid passing through the packed bed of the flow-through unit. The invention also provides a method of using the immunoassay assembly to identify analytical targets of interest.
US07799257B2
A method to furnish the edge portion of sheet (1) with a strip, as a strip (2) of plastic material using device (3) comprising a die space (7). The edge of sheet (1) is fitted inside device (3) that feeds plastic material to die space (7) and by means of restrictive organs (8) and die surfaces, of which device the escape of heated plastic material from a die space (7) is avoided, the sheet is arranged to move in regard to the feeding (3) device, the sheet edge being inside said device, die space (7) of device (3) is heated during the process.
US07799253B2
The invention relates to a method and a device for applying for a flowable material, especially a particulate material, in individual superimposed layers across a support (50), the flowable material being first filled from a stationary feed station (10) into a storage container (24) of an application device. In the application device (30), which travels back and forth across the support, the flowable material is distributed inside the storage container across the entire length of the device and is then metered through a slot into a metering shaft in such a manner that the filling level in the metering shaft remains constant during application of the flowable material from the metering shaft onto the support.
US07799250B2
Ceramic friction linings comprising a material consisting essentially of metal oxides which are present in the form of a sintered ceramic or in the form of ceramic particles bound by carbon and/or carbides, processes for producing them and their use in combination with ceramic friction bodies, in particular for high-performance brakes.
US07799232B2
A reducing water purification material having a reducing iron-based precipitate selected from green rust, iron ferrite, reducing iron hydroxide, and a mixture thereof. A wastewater treatment process having steps of adding a reducing iron compound to wastewater, leading the wastewater to which the reducing iron compound is added to a reaction tank and forming a precipitate, separating the formed precipitate by a solid-liquid separation to obtain a sludge, and alkalinizing all or a portion of the separated sludge to form an alkaline sludge followed by returning to the reaction tank, wherein in the precipitation step, the wastewater to which the reducing iron compound is added and the alkaline sludge are mixed and are allowed to react in a non-oxidizing atmosphere under alkaline condition to form a reducing iron compound precipitate as the precipitate, thereby incorporating contaminants in the precipitate to remove the contaminants from the wastewater.
US07799217B2
A system and a method for solvent purification is provided. The system includes a solvent storage tank and a filter coupled to the tank for filtering out moisture from the solvent. The method includes providing a tank to hold the solvent being purified, providing a filter coupled to the tank, and repeatedly providing solvent from the tank to the filter, and filtering the solvent to remove moisture and returning the filtered solvent to the tank.
US07799210B2
A three-step process of removing sulfur from naphtha feeds. The steps include a first hydrotreating step, a mercaptan removal agent and an adsorbent containing a reactive metal on an inorganic support. Step one removes at least 95 wt. % of the sulfur compounds while preserving at least 50 wt. % of the olefins. Treatment with the mercaptan removal agent lowers the sulfur content to 30 wppm total sulfur and final naphtha product contains leas than 10 wppm total sulfur.
US07799209B2
Disclosed is a process for recovery power from an FCC product. Gaseous hydrocarbon product from an FCC reactor is heat exchanged with a heat exchange media which is delivered to an expander to generate power. Cycle oil from product fractionation may be added to the gaseous FCC product to wash away coke precursors.
US07799207B2
The instant invention is directed to a process wherein a heavy oil feedstock upgrader alters its mode of operation of its full conversion hydroprocessing unit to create a custom tailored synthetic crude feedstock based upon data communicated from a target refinery and data communicated from the heavy oil feedstock upgrader. The data from the target refinery is data that represents refining process data and linear program modeling along with analysis by a refining planner to calculate the optimum “synthetic trim crude” that will optimize the effective use of the target refinery's capacity and equipment.
US07799205B2
An ion concentration sensor produces a signal reflective of the ion concentration within a solution. The ion concentration sensor is based on an ion sensitive transistor having a solution input, a reference input, a diffusion input, and a diffusion output. The ion sensitive transistor is connected as a pass transistor, such that the diffusion output provides an electrical signal indicating an ion concentration in a solution contacting the solution input.
US07799202B2
Gas-selective electrodes in liquid analyzing devices have a characteristic curve K with a linear portion L and a non-linear portion NL. In the non-linear portion NL, the characteristic previously could only be estimated so that determinations of the concentration were rather inexact. According to the present application, the electrode is rinsed with an acid and the zero point voltage UN at the electrode is determined during the rinsing. Using the zero point voltage UN, the non-linear portion NL of the characteristic K is determined with high precision so that even low concentrations c can be determined with great accuracy.
US07799199B2
Environment-friendly process for descaling, pickling and finishing/passivating in a continuous, integrated and flexible manner, applicable to any type of stainless steel, regardless of its physical structure, chemical composition and nature of surface oxides to be removed, within a single plant in which the required chemical, electrochemical, mechanical and hydromechanical treatments are carried out, merely diversifying the operative conditions of each treatment according to the stainless steel type to be processed. The process and the plant according to the invention allow elevated reaction rate, excellent surface quality, low energy and chemical reagent consumption and total environmental compatibility. The figure shows the block diagram of an embodiment of the plant according to the invention.
US07799191B2
The present invention provides a polymer membrane enhanced with cured epoxy resin for use as the outer membrane of biosensors. The membrane includes approximately 30-80% epoxy resin adhesives, 10-60% polymer such as poly(vinyl chloride), polycarbonate and polyurethane and 0-30% plasticizers and 5-15% surface modifier reagent such as polyethylene oxide-containing block copolymers. Utilizing the polymer membrane of the present invention, a three-layered sensing element has been developed. This sensing element will be particularly useful for miniaturized biosensors used for in vitro blood measurements or for continuous in vivo monitoring such as implantable biosensors. This element includes an enzyme layer, an interference-eliminating layer and the novel polymer member of the present invention as the outer polymer layer. This novel sensing element shows excellent response characteristics in solutions and has an extremely long lifetime. This technology is particularly useful for improving the lifetime of implantable biosensors.
US07799182B2
Embodiments of the invention contemplate the formation of a low cost flexible solar cell using a novel electroplating method and apparatus to form a metal contact structure. The apparatus and methods described herein remove the need to perform one or more high temperature screen printing processes to form conductive features on the surface of a solar cell substrate. The resistance of interconnects formed in a solar cell device greatly affects the efficiency of the solar cell. Solar cell substrates that may benefit from the invention include flexible substrates may have an active region that contains organic material, single crystal silicon, multi-crystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, cadmium sulfide, copper indium gallium selenide, copper indium selenide, gallilium indium phosphide, as well as heterojunction cells that are used to convert sunlight to electrical power. The flexible substrates may have a flexible base that is adapted to support the active region of the solar cell device.
US07799175B2
A stratified press fabric for the press section of a paper machine having a passive sensor system for detecting wear in the press fabric. The lower (non-surface) layer(s) of the stratified press fabric are produced using colored staple fiber batt material. As the surface of the fabric is worn away through use, the colored batt material is exposed to provide a visual indication of the wear. This visual indication allows the customer to readily determine the appropriate time to replace the press fabric.
US07799169B2
A paper product with absorbency and moisture strike through resistance is disclosed. More particularly, a multi-ply paper product with improved strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein at least one ply is a wetting resistant ply comprising at least one wetting resistant compound and at least one ply is an absorbent ply possessing greater absorbency than the wetting resistant ply. In addition, a two-ply paper napkin with improved moisture strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein the wetting resistant ply comprises alkyl ketene dimer and the two plies are separately microembossed, glue laminated together in a point to point configuration, and macroembossed with coin edging. Furthermore, a multi-ply paper product with improved strike through resistance is disclosed, wherein a first ply comprises at least one wetting resistant compound and a second ply possesses greater absorbency than the first ply. Methods of making paper products with absorbency and moisture strike through resistance are also described.
US07799167B2
An object of the present invention is to provide an embossed crepe paper which can clearly be formed into fine embossed shapes, and is excellent in the fluffy feel and therefore excellent in such as absorbency for fats. As a means of achieving this object, the method for manufacturing an embossed crepe paper, according to the present invention, is a method for manufacturing an embossed crepe paper comprising a step of embossing a raw crepe paper, wherein: a raw paper having a basis weight of 6 to 28 g/m2 is used as the raw crepe paper; and the embossing step includes the steps of: (a) supplying the raw crepe paper with water in an amount of 0.1 to 100 weight % based on the basis weight to thereby put the raw crepe paper in a wet condition; (b) embossing the wet-conditioned raw crepe paper; and (c) drying the embossed wet-conditioned raw crepe paper.
US07799166B2
Incorporation of a sensor, such as an optical or laser based sensor, into a wafer edge processing unit, such as a WEE unit or mechanism. This sensor enables the WEE unit to be referenced to the wafer edge. Specifically, the sensor can be used to place a WEE unit in a fixed but accurate location at the beginning of the wafer edge expose process. Another approach is to have the WEE drive controller actively follow the edge of the wafer as it rotates during the WEE process, which has the advantage of compensating for any wafer centering errors as well as diameter and placement errors. In yet another approach, the edge sensor is used to sense and track the edge of a previous layer WEE pattern. The sensor can also facilitate the measuring of a distance from a wafer edge to a WEE edge feature.
US07799165B2
A seaming system for forming a seam is disclosed, wherein the seam consists of at least two opposed sections of high-modulus, high-tenacity, low-elongation fabric sections joined by a tape. The system comprises a seamer head, and a seamer base that includes a topography configured to impart a predetermined pressure gradient to the adhesive layer, tape, and fabric sections of the seam. The resultant seam has a cross-section or thickness profile that generally corresponds to that of the applied pressure gradient. As such, the constructed seam more efficiently distributes stress imparted from any applied load.
US07799158B2
A method for producing a crystallographically-oriented ceramic includes the steps of forming a first sheet with a thickness of 10 μm or less containing a first inorganic material in which grain growth occurs at a first temperature or higher and a second sheet containing a second inorganic material in which grain growth occurs at a second temperature higher than the first temperature, laminating one or more each of the first and second sheets to form a laminated body, firing the laminated body at a temperature equal to or higher than the first temperature and lower than the second temperature to cause grain growth in the first inorganic material, and then firing the laminated body at a temperature equal to or higher than the second temperature to cause grain growth in the second inorganic material in the direction of a crystal plane of the first inorganic material.
US07799156B2
When a ceramic substrate is manufactured through a constraint firing step that uses a constraining layer, the constraining layer is removed without causing significant damage to a sintered base layer or an electrode formed on the surface of the sintered base layer, and the electrode can be reliably exposed. A green stacked body having a base layer and a constraining layer disposed so as to be in contact with at least one principal surface of the base layer is formed. A fired stacked body having a sintered base layer and a green constraining layer is then obtained by firing the green stacked body to sinter the base layer. Subsequently, the constraining layer is removed from the sintered base layer by vibrating media that are disposed so as to be in contact with the constraining layer.
US07799153B2
Methods and apparatuses for manufacturing medical devices.
US07799141B2
Cleaning compounds, apparatus, and methods to remove contaminants from a substrate surface are provided. An exemplary cleaning compound to remove particulate contaminants from a semiconductor substrate surface is provided. The cleaning compound includes a viscous liquid with a viscosity between about 1 cP to about 10,000 cP. The cleaning compound also includes a plurality of solid components dispersed in the viscous liquid, the plurality of solid components interact with the particulate contaminants on the substrate surface to remove the particulate contaminants from the substrate surface.
US07799137B2
A system and method of cleaning an enclosure of a container defined by inner walls, including providing a container, orienting the container so that the opening is lowermost and opens downwardly and generating resonant vibration in the container at a predetermined frequency and at an energy level sufficient to dislodge any loose solid particles from the inner walls of said container but not being of an energy level to impact the structural integrity of the container and maintaining the resonant vibration within the container enclosure for a sufficient time to dislodge all loose solid particles from the inner walls of said container. The system may include a resonant chamber in the form of a shroud and means to effectuate the method steps and may also include a sanitizing step in which the containers are further sanitized to render inactive any organic contaminants.
US07799136B2
A method of cleaning at least one surface of an optical device disposed in a vacuum chamber, which is at least partially contaminated by atoms and/or ions of metalloid and/or metal introduced by a radiation source generating, such as extreme ultraviolet radiation and/or soft X-rays is described. In order to achieve a longer service life for the optical device, the method is designed such that a temperature prevailing on the surface and/or a pressure in the vacuum chamber is adjusted in such a way that the atoms and/or ions hitting the surface are removed.
US07799133B2
A crucible apparatus includes a hollow crucible body which is open at its upper and lower ends and a bottom plate which is formed separately from the crucible body and can close off the lower end of the crucible body. A space for receiving a molten material is formed by placing the crucible body atop the bottom plate. When molten material received in the space has solidified, the crucible body is raised off the bottom plate, and solidified material is pushed out of one end of the crucible body and removed from the crucible body.
US07799124B2
The present disclosure relates to a process for making treated inorganic particles by vapor phase deposition of surface treatments on the particle surface by reacting inorganic particles, typically titanium dioxide particles, with a composition comprising a sinterable material and a liquid medium at a temperature sufficient to evaporate the medium and release the sinterable material as aerosol particles. The aerosol particles sinter and form a treatment on the surfaces of the inorganic particles.
US07799121B2
The present invention pertains to an aqueous inkjet ink comprising anionic self-dispersing pigment with a certain mixture of tetraorganoammonium and alkali metal cations. The inks exhibit greatly extended latency.
US07799100B2
The present invention provides a method for upgrading low-rank coal unsuitable for production of a reduced metal by a conventional carbon composite method to produce an upgraded coal suitable for the carbon composite method. The prevent invention also provides a method for producing a high-quality reduced metal using the upgraded coal as a carbonaceous material to be incorporated. In these methods, coal is first aged by heating in an organic solvent to produce upgraded coal for metallurgy having higher thermal plasticity than that of the coal. Then, a mixture of the upgraded coal for metallurgy and a metal oxide-containing raw material is agglomerated by an agglomerator, and the resultant agglomerates are reduced by heating in a moving hearth furnace and then melted by further heating to produce a reduced melt. The reduced melt is cooled and solidified in the moving hearth furnace to produce a reduced solid, and then the reduced solid is discharged to the outside of the furnace. Then, a slag is removed using a screen to recover a metal as a reduced metal.
US07799099B2
A method of manufacturing a current collector for use in a capacitor (e.g., a DEL capacitor) having an aqueous or non-aqueous electrolyte, such as an aqueous sulfuric acid electrolyte. The conductive basis of the current collector is preferably, but not necessarily, comprised of lead or a lead alloy. The portion of the conductive basis that will be in contact with the electrolyte is provided with a protective layer that is created by deposition of one or more layers of one or more protective coating materials thereto. Each protective coating material is comprised of at least a conductive carbon powder and a polymer binder that is resistant to the electrolyte. Preferably, but not essentially, the protective coating material(s) are applied to the conductive basis in the form of a paste, which is subsequently subjected to a solvent evaporation step and a thermal treatment step.
US07799095B2
A subject-matter of the present invention is an anhydrous composition in the form of a paste or in the pulverulent form for the coloring of the keratinous human fibers comprising at least one oxidation dye, at least one complex of hydrogen peroxide and a specific polymer and at least one alkaline agent. A subject-matter of the invention is likewise a method for coloring keratinous fibers in which the following stages are carried out: —The above mentioned anhydrous composition is mixed with an aqueous composition advantageously devoid of hydrogen peroxide, and the resulting composition is applied to the keratinous fibers, the composition is left to stand and the fibers are rinsed.
US07799092B2
The disclosure provides compositions for simultaneously bleaching and dyeing keratin fibers, comprising at least one direct dye chosen from anionic and nonionic dyes, with the exception of 7-(6′-methylphenylazo)-1-acetamido-3,6-disulfo-8-hydroxynaph-thalene, ortho-nitroanilines substituted meta to the amino group, quinoline and quinoline derivatives, and addition salts thereof, at least one associative polymer, at least one peroxygenated salt and at least one alkaline agent, to processes for simultaneously bleaching and dyeing keratin fibers using the compositions, and to uses of the compositions for simultaneously bleaching and dyeing keratin fibers. The compositions are suitable for dark hair. They are easy to use and can produce chromatic and fast coloration.
US07799085B2
A modular knee implant system allows a surgeon to select between several different styles of distal femoral implant components and several different styles of stem extensions while also allowing for use of a metaphyseal component. The metaphyseal component can be a universal one that is usable with all of the styles of distal femoral implant components through use of an adapter. A second adapter allows for use of stem extensions with different types of connectors with the metaphyseal component. A separate metaphyseal component could also be provided with a distal Morse taper post to mate with a distal femoral component having a proximal Morse taper bore. The metaphyseal component may have an outer surface that is configured to maximize contact area with the patient's bone, and may have a surface finish over a substantial part of its overall length that is conducive to bone ingrowth.
US07799083B2
A motion restoring prosthesis to be interposed between the ends of two bones adjoining a mammalian appendage or spinal joint is formed of two components with the components having inner cooperating articulating surfaces and outer bone engaging surfaces. At least one of the components has an inner section made of relatively hard, stiff material defining one or the articulating surfaces and an outer section made of a softer material defining the bone engaging surface. The softer material having a hardness/stiffness characteristic compatible with the bone to reduce stress shielding and more evenly distribute the forces from the articulating surfaces to the associate bone interface.
US07799082B2
A stabilization system for a human spine is provided comprising at least two dynamic interbody device and at least one dynamic posterior stabilization system. In some embodiments the stabilization system comprises a pair of dynamic interbody devices and a pair of dynamic posterior stabilization systems. The dynamic interbody devices may work in conjunction with the dynamic posterior stabilization systems to allow for movement of vertebrae coupled to the stabilization system. The dynamic posterior stabilization systems may provide resistance to movement that mimics the resistance provided by a normal functional spinal unit. In some embodiments, a bridge may couple a dynamic interbody device to a dynamic posterior stabilization system.
US07799081B2
The current invention is directed to a system and method for fusing two adjacent vertebrae. In one embodiment, the vertebrae are fused by inserting a self-broaching interbody apparatus into a disc space without the need for separately drilling and broaching. The self-broaching interbody apparatus may include cutting flutes or other broaching means capable of cutting through the cartilaginous endplates of the vertebrae. In another embodiment, an interbody apparatus with an expanding means capable of distracting the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae is inserted into the disc space. Another embodiment includes a sleeve that fits around an interbody apparatus that has at least one opening in its outer surface leading to a cavity filled with bone and/or ortho-biological materials.
US07799074B2
According to the invention the rotary pump consists of an external gear (13) with internal teeth (16) in the form of a squirrel cage, and an internal gear (9), housed in an off-centre manner in the interior of said external gear (13) and fitted with external teeth (9D) intermeshing with said internal teeth (16) and consisting of a number of inferior teeth of a unit with the number of teeth of the later. The rotation means of said external teeth (13) comprise at least a bearing (11, 12) centrally laid out in a flange end (14,15) of said aforementioned external gear (13) and the aforementioned external gear (13) is at least partly dismantled in order to introduce said internal gear (9).
US07799067B2
A self-expanding stent includes capture segments including a first capture segment and a second capture segment. The first capture segment includes a first crown coupled to a first crown of the second capture segment and a second crown, where the second crown is spaced apart from an adjacent second crown of the second capture segment when the self-expanding stent is in a relaxed state, and further where the second crown of the first capture segment captures the adjacent second crown of the second capture segment when the self-expanding stent is in a radially compressed state.
US07799063B2
The invention provides an improved hot/cold therapy pad consisting of a thermally conductive fluid and a discrete matrix insert contained within an outer envelope. The matrix insert has significant void space (over 50%) and is chemically inert relative to the other components within the envelope. The matrix has low bulk density and may be formed by bonding fibers together to form a mat. This matrix serves to reduce the flow of the thermally conductive fluid and provide for more effective and consistent heat (cold) transfer from the pad to the skin. The thermally conductive fluid has a viscosity greater than water and is stable over the typical range of hot/cold therapy applications. The invention eliminates saddle-bagging in hot and cold therapy applications.
US07799060B2
Systems and methods for multi-directional stabilization of a spinal column segment are provided. The systems include one or more motion preserving constructs that are engaged to adjacent vertebrae and extend trans-axially between the vertebrae obliquely to the central axis of the spinal column. The systems permit motion of at least a portion of a vertebral level while providing stabilization at least when tensioned. Systems that provide stabilization in compression are also contemplated.
US07799048B2
A kit for packing and supporting the nasal cavities after surgical procedures performed on the nose comprising two inflatable non-elastomeric balloons (6′, 6″) and inflation means (27) arranged so that, in use, each balloon (6′, 6″) can be located in a nasal cavity and inflated.
US07799036B2
A method of fixing vertebrae of a patient together at a surgical site includes the following steps: inserting a first cannula (10) into the body (130) of the patient; moving a first fastener (624) through the cannula (10) and securing the first fastener (624) through the cannula (10) and securing the first fastener (624) to a first vertebrae (601 or 1601); moving a second fastener (624) through the cannula (10) and securing the second fastener (624) to a second vertebrae (602 or 1602); moving a first fixation element (650) through the cannula (10); and fixing the first fixation element (650) to the first and second fasteners (624).
US07799035B2
A curable material delivery cannula device is disclosed. The device includes a cannula and a hub. The cannula includes an open proximal end, a deflectable segment forming a pre-set curve, a lumen, and side orifice(s) adjacent, and proximally spaced from, the distal end and fluidly connected to the lumen. When inserted within a guide cannula, the deflectable segment straightens. When distally extended from the guide cannula, the deflectable segment reverts to the curved shape. The distal end has a blunt tip for non-traumatic interface with bodily material. During use, curable material, such as bone cement, is delivered from the side orifice(s) in a radial direction relative to the lumen.
US07799032B2
Disclosed are surgical tools, tool sets and methods for percutaneously accessing and preparing treatment sites within the spine for subsequent treatment procedures. The treatment site may be an inter-vertebral motion segments in the lumbar and sacral regions of the spine. The tool set may comprise introducer tools and bone dilators for accessing and tapping into a targeted site, such as, for example, the anterior surface of the S1 vertebral body. The tool set may also comprise cutters and extractors for preparing the treatment site for subsequent treatment procedures. The tool set may additionally comprise a bone graft inserter, an exchange system, and/or a temporary distraction tool for further preparing the treatment site for subsequent treatment procedures.
US07799025B2
Ablation systems and methods for treating atrial fibrillation utilizing RF energy are provided. The system generally includes a first conductive member having a shape which defines a desired lesion pattern or a portion of a desired lesion pattern, and a second conductive member effective to transmit ablative radiation to the first conductive member. The first conductive member is adapted to be positioned on a first tissue surface, and the second conductive member is adapted to be positioned on a second, opposed tissue surface. In use, ablative radiation is transmitted from the second conductive member through the tissue to the first conductive member to form a lesion having the desired lesion pattern.
US07799022B2
Tissue ablation probes are provided. Each tissue ablation probe comprises an electrically conductive probe shaft, at least one tissue ablation electrode carried by a distal end of the probe shaft, and an electrically insulative outer sheath disposed on the probe shaft. The sheath is at least partially composed of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and another material comprising condensed-phase particles interspersed throughout the PEEK to increase the echogenicity of the outer sheath. The durability of the PEEK allows the sheath to be formed as thinly as possible, thereby minimizing the diameter of the ablation probe, while the inclusion of condensed-phase particles within the PEEK does not significantly degrade the durability of the sheath.
US07799021B2
An electrosurgical apparatus comprising an energy source operable to concurrently provide a first signal and a second signal, said first and second signals having different frequencies; and a signal processor operable to receive a third signal from a patient's body, to process said third signal, and to produce an output based on a processing of said third signal; wherein said third signal is an evoked potential generated by said patient's body in response to a delivery of said second signal to said patient's body.
US07799018B2
A cryogenic applicator for rejuvenating skin and a treatment for use of the applicator. A barrel is hand-held. A head is rotatably mounted to the barrel. A cryogenic interface fluidly connects the barrel to a source of a biocompatible non-toxic cryogenic fluid to supply the cryogenic fluid through the barrel to the head that in turn sparges the cryogenic fluid onto the skin quickly, evenly, and smoothly when the head is rolled on the skin, and thereby rejuvenate the skin. The treatment includes the step of rolling the head quickly, smoothly, and evenly over the skin being treated for a period of time in an order of hundredths or tenths of a second, and sparging the cryogenic fluid onto the skin quickly, evenly, and smoothly when the head is rolled on the skin, and thereby rejuvenate the skin.
US07799017B2
A tool actuating assembly for a multi-function surgical instrument is disclosed. The tool actuating assembly of the present invention can be utilized in a variety of differently configured multi-function surgical instruments and can be embodied in various physical configurations. The tool actuating assembly of the present invention provides for more efficient use of the tools of the instrument by the surgeon who is utilizing the instrument.
US07799008B2
An enteral feeding device, includes a system for delivering liquid nutrients to an enteral feeding tube. The device includes: (a) a container, having first, second and third openings; (b) a tip configured to be coupled to the container, the tip having an opening in fluid communication with the first opening of the container, the second opening of the container configured such that nutrient can be delivered to the second opening and the third opening configured to receive nutrient or to allow gas expelled from the patient (e.g., through burping) to flow there through.
US07798998B2
A surgical access device is provided having a surgical access port. The surgical access port has an elongated body with opposed proximal and distal end portions, and defines a longitudinal axis. The body has a central lumen extending therethrough and includes a resilient bulb portion formed between the proximal and distal end portions of the body. The resilient bulb portion is adapted and configured to transition, through engagement with an insertion device, between a first condition in which the bulb portion has a first diameter and a first length and a second condition in which the bulb portion has a second diameter and a second length for insertion and removal through a patient's abdominal wall, and to be retained in place therethrough. The second diameter is less than the first diameter, and the second length is greater than the first length.
