The invention discloses an automatic neutral-section passing device and a method for an electric locomotive and solves the technical problems of making the electric locomotive pass through neutral sections safely. A reader of the device is arranged on the electric locomotive and connected with a neutral-section passing device arranged on the electric locomotive. When the electric locomotive passes through a phrase-change point, the reader is wirelessly connected with an electronic tag for communication. The method comprises the following steps: when the electric locomotive passes through the phrase-change point, the reader acquires and decodes position and control information sent by the electronic tag and sends data to the neutral-section passing device on the electric locomotive for the neutral-section passing device to carry out neutral-section passing operation. Compared with the prior art, the device and the method adopt ultrahigh frequency communication based on radio frequency identification, have the reader for acquiring information stored in the electronic tag when the electric locomotive passes through the phrase-change point, have the neutral-section passing device of the electric locomotive for sending a corresponding control signal according to the content of the information, thereby making the electric locomotive pass through neutral sections automatically, and are adaptive to a speed of more than 300km/h of the electric locomotive.