The invention discloses a multi-phase single winding non-bearing motor driving system, which comprises a multi-phase alternating current motor, a multi-phase inverter, an inversion driving unit, a detection unit, a torque and rotary speed control unit, a suspended control unit and a comprehensive unit, wherein the multi-phase alternating current motor has a set of windings with phase number n>=5,a motor stator winding is formed by windings whose axial lines are separated in an angle of 2 pi/n, each phase winding simultaneously comprises odd spatial harmonics and even spatial harmonics, the torque and the suspended control of the multi-phase alternating current motor are respectively finished in different control freedom degrees, two groups of currents with different phase differences of adjacent phases are simultaneously electrified into the motor through the multi-phase inverter for respectively realizing the torque driving and the rotor suspension of the driving system. The motor driving system adopts a set of multi-phase motor windings and a set of multi-phase univertor, realizes the non-bearing operation of the driving system, and has the windings with simple structure, is much easier to embed wires than a traditional double-winding non-bearing motor, is easy to realize the large power driving, and has higher reliability.