The invention relates to a method for extracting epsilon-polylysine by using ion exchange resin fiber, comprising the steps: (1) the ion exchange resin fiber is filled; (2) the ion exchange resin fiber is pretreated; (3) the epsilon-polylysine is processed by adsorption, edulcoration and elution; (4) the epsilon-polylysine is collected; the collected feed liquid containing the epsilon-polylysine is concentrated and dried to obtain epsilon-polylysine product. The method adopts the ion exchange fiber, is firstly applied to air filtration and tail gas absorption, and has the active groups distributed on the surface of the fiber, so that ion exchange is carried out on the surface; as the superficial area of the fiber is large, the exchange speed is rapid, regeneration is easy, pollution resistance is strong, circulation resistance for the liquid is little, the liquid is not easy to drain away, the speed of the process flow can be accelerated, and the production efficiency, the yield and the production quality can be improved. Furthermore, complicated equipment can not be needed, the treating method is simple, and the quantity of acid and alkali used by the regeneration of fiber is low, so that the method is beneficial to environmental protection and suitable for industrial production.