The invention relates to a high precision strip rolling thickness control method based on feedback signals from a thickness gauge, belonging to the technical field of automatic control of strip rolling. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, inputting rolling system data and strip data; step 2, determining the proportionality factor K of the thickness-control object; step 3, setting a tracking length of the strip sampling; step 4, carrying out multipoint acquisition on the thickness difference delta h measured value of the length Ls(i) of each strip sampling by a computer; step 5, determining delta s(i). The invention has the advantages of proposing length tracking of strip sampling, solving the problem that delay time changes with rolling speed in traditional methods, applying Smith predictive control method to monitoring AGC system, giving the control rate when the controller is under the integrated form; therefore, compared with the traditional control method, the invention not only has rapid response speed, but also has higher static control precision, so the invention can be widely promoted to strip rolling factories to improve the thickness and precision of strip products.